Aqueous levels of VEGF correlate with retinal non-perfusion areas in patients with diabetic macular edema and macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion.

Aim: To evaluate the association between the level of vascular endothelial growth factor in the aqueous humor and the size of capillary non-perfusion areas in patients with macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion and diabetic retinopathy.

Material And Methods: The study group consisted of 24 patients (24 eyes) at the age of 55-78 years, with diffuse macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion and diabetic retinopathy. The control group consisted of 26 subjects aged 55-87 years who were admitted for scheduled cataract surgery.

The Role Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Eye Diseases: Current Status and a Dual Role of Physical Activity.

Extensive research during the past three decades has demonstrated the mechanisms by which an imbalance in the redox status of prooxidant/antioxidant reactions in cells with advantage of prooxidant reactions (oxidative stress, OS) can cause peroxidation of nucleic acids, bases, lipids, proteins and carbohydrates, thus resulting in their damage. These actions result in stimulation of signal transduction pathways and activation of transcription factors that can lead to chronic inflammation and cause tissue dysfunction. The most important oxidants are reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generated by various metabolic pathways, physical, chemical and biological factors, and pathological conditions.

[Outcomes of surgical management of retinopathy of prematurity--an overview].

According to the guidelines by the ETROP (Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity) study group, laser therapy is the gold standard in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity. However, progression of the disease is seen in 12% of eyes despite the treatment. Since there is no causal treatment, new therapies of retinopathy of prematurity, are continually sought, such as anti-VEGF agents, beta-blockers, or insulin-like growth factor gene therapy.

[Terson syndrome--a literature review].

Tersone syndrome was first described in 1900 as haemorrhages in the eye that occur as a consequence of intracranial hemorrhage. The main cause of the syndrome in adults is a subarachnoid hemorrhage following the rupture of intracranial aneurysm. The pathogenesis has not been fully understood.

[Glaucoma after laser diode treatment in retinopathy of prematurity--case series].

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to analyze treatment and outcomes in children with glaucoma secondary to diode laser photocoagulation in retinopathy of prematurity.

Methods: The group of 1507 newborns, examined as outpatients between 2008 and 2013, were retrospectively analyzed. Five patients (0.

[Idiopathic choroidal neovascularization--case report].

Purpose: To report a patient with peripapillary idiopathic choroidal neovascularization treated with an anti-VEGF (anti- vascular endothelial growth factor) agent (bevacizumab) observed during for 9 months.

Patient And Methods: Twenty nine years old man was referred to the Department for diagnosis and treatment because of unilateral visual acuity decrease in the right eye (VA RE--0.1) and metamorphopsias.

Present-day conservative treatment retinopathy of prematurity.

Retinopathy of prematurity occurs in prematurely born babies. Etiology of disease is multifactorial and frequency of retinopathy of prematurity diagnosis increases. Retinopathy is one of causes for major loss of vision and amaurosis in newborns around the world.

[Morphology of the optic nerve disc in eyes with myopia in correlation to the refractive error].

Purpose: To asses morphology of the optic nerve disc in correlation to the refractive error in eyes with myopia.

Material And Methods: The examined group consisted of 47 patient (84 eyes), age 20 to 36 years (mean age 28 +/- 4,5), with refractive error -4.00 Dsph to -14.

[Combined photodynamic therapy and intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide in patients with wet form of AMD. Introductory report].

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of combined PDT and 4 mg intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection, performed 48-72 hours after PDT, in patients with wet form of AMD.

Material And Methods: Nonrandomised, interventional case series, 13 eyes of 13 patients with subfoveal CNV due to AMD that did not respond to PDT monotherapy - 7 females, 6 males - at the age of 65-85 (average age 76.6 +/- 6.

[Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy with spontaneous regression of subfoveal changes--case report].

Purpose: To report a patient with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) with spontaneous regression of subfoveal changes during follow-up.

Material And Methods: The seventy six years old men was referred to the treatment of exudative type of age related macular degeneration (AMD) in the RE. The routine ophthalmological examination, the optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescein angiography (FA), and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) were performed.

In vitro scavenging activity for reactive oxygen species by N-substituted indole-2-carboxylic acid esters.

The hydroxyl radical (HO*)- and superoxide anion radical (O* (2))-scavenging activity, as well as the singlet oxygen ((1)O(2))-quenching property of N-substituted indole-2-carboxylic acid esters (INDs) were investigated by deoxyribose degradation assay, a chemiluminescence method and the electron spin resonance (ESR) spin-trapping technique. This novel group of compounds was developed as a search for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-selective enzyme inhibitors. The results obtained demonstrated that of the 16 compounds examined, five inhibited light emission from the superoxide anion radical (O* (2))-DMSO system by at least 60% at a concentration of 1 mmol/L, nine prevented the degradation of deoxyribose induced by the Fenton reaction system (range 3-78%) or scavenged hydroxyl radicals (HO*) directly (range 8-93%) and 14 showed the (1)O(2)-quenching effect (range 10-74%).