Hepatitis B surface antigen impairs TLR4 signaling by upregulating A20 expression in monocytes.

Unlabelled: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in eliminating viral infection. Conversely, viruses have evolved various strategies to disrupt TLR signaling during chronic infection. In the case of hepatitis B virus (HBV), we previously reported that plasma hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is closely associated with impaired TLR responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, but the reasons remain unclear.

Biological and Genetic Characterization of Pod Pepper Vein Yellows Virus-Associated RNA From in Wenshan, China.

Tombusvirus-like associated RNAs (tlaRNAs) are positive-sense single-stranded RNAs found in plants co-infected with some viruses of the genus . Pod pepper vein yellows virus (PoPeVYV) was recently reported as a new recombinant polerovirus causing interveinal yellowing, stunting, and leaf rolling in plants at Wenshan city, Yunnan province, China. The complete genome sequence of its associated RNA has now been determined by next-generation sequencing and reverse transcription (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Pod pepper vein yellows virus, a new recombinant polerovirus infecting Capsicum frutescens in Yunnan province, China.

Pepper vein yellows viruses (PeVYV) are phloem-restricted viruses in the genus Polerovirus, family Luteoviridae. Typical viral symptoms of PeVYV including interveinal yellowing of leaves and upward leaf curling were observed in pod pepper plants (Capsicum frutescens) growing in Wenshan city, Yunnan province, China. The complete genome sequence of a virus from a sample of these plants was determined by next-generation sequencing and RT-PCR.