A randomized, single-dose, crossover study of the effects of ulotaront on electrocardiogram intervals in subjects with schizophrenia.

This study (NCT04369391) evaluated the effects of ulotaront (SEP-363856), a novel trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonist in development for schizophrenia, on electrocardiogram parameters. Study design was a randomized, single-dose, three-period crossover (ulotaront 150 mg, placebo, moxifloxacin 400 mg). Sixty subjects with schizophrenia completed all periods.

Serum neurofilament light levels in natalizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis who switch to extended interval dosing from every-4-week dosing in real-world clinical practice.

Background: Serum levels of neurofilament light chain (sNfL) are a potentially useful biomarker for assessing the efficacy of multiple sclerosis (MS) treatments.

Objective: To compare levels of sNfL in patients with MS who switched from natalizumab every 4 weeks (Q4W) to extended interval dosing (EID) and patients who remained on Q4W dosing in real-world clinical practice.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of samples from patients treated with natalizumab from 2010 to 2015 at a single center in the United States.

Development of a Highly Sensitive Neurofilament Light Chain Assay on an Automated Immunoassay Platform.

Background: Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is an axonal cytoskeletal protein that is released into the extracellular space following neuronal or axonal injury associated with neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and other diseases. NfL is detectable in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood. Numerous studies on MS have demonstrated that NfL is correlated with disease activity, predicts disease progression, and is reduced by treatment with MS disease-modifying drugs, making NfL an attractive candidate to supplement existing clinical and imaging measures in MS.

Maltreatment Related Hospitalizations Among Children Ages 17 Years and Younger: New York State, 2011-2013.

Background: Child maltreatment is an important societal and public health problem. However, there are limited data on the epidemiology of maltreatment related hospitalizations.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe maltreatment related hospitalizations among children ages 17 and younger in New York State (NYS).

Efficacy of Nebulized Glycopyrrolate on Lung Hyperinflation in Patients with COPD.

Introduction: Lung hyperinflation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with activity limitation, impaired cardiac output, and mortality. Several studies have demonstrated that long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) delivered by dry powder inhalers can promote lung deflation; however, the potential of nebulized LAMAs on improving hyperinflation in COPD is currently unknown.

Methods: This single-center, randomized, double-blind, two-way crossover study (NCT04155047) evaluated the efficacy of a single dose of nebulized LAMA [glycopyrrolate (GLY) 25 µg] versus placebo in patients with COPD and lung hyperinflation.

Impact of natalizumab on quality of life in a real-world cohort of patients with multiple sclerosis: Results from MS PATHS.

Background: Optimizing multiple sclerosis treatment warrants understanding of changes in physical, mental, and social health.

Objective: To assess the impact of natalizumab on Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders (Neuro-QoL) scores.

Methods: Annualized change in T-scores and likelihood of ≥5-point improvement over baseline were calculated for each Neuro-QoL domain after natalizumab initiation.

Matching comparisons of therapeutic efficacy suggest better clinical outcomes for patients treated with peginterferon beta-1a than with glatiramer acetate.

Background: Peginterferon beta-1a and glatiramer acetate (GA) are approved first-line therapies for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis, but their therapeutic efficacy has not been compared directly.

Methods: Clinical outcomes at 2 years, including no evidence of disease activity (NEDA), for patients receiving peginterferon beta-1a 125 mcg every 2 weeks (Q2W) or GA 20 mg/ml once daily (QD) were compared by propensity score matching analysis using individual patient data from ADVANCE and CONFIRM phase III clinical trials. In addition, clinical outcomes at 1-3 years for patients receiving peginterferon beta-1a Q2W or GA 40 mg/ml three times a week (TIW) were evaluated using a matching-adjusted comparison analysis of individual patient data from ADVANCE and the ADVANCE extension study, ATTAIN, and aggregate patient data from the phase III GALA and the GALA extension studies.

Statewide Initiative to Reduce Postnatal Growth Restriction among Infants <31 Weeks of Gestation.

Objective: To decrease the incidence of postnatal growth restriction, defined as discharge weight <10th percentile for postmenstrual age, among preterm infants cared for in New York State Regional Perinatal Centers.

Study Design: The quality improvement cohort consisted of infants <31 weeks of gestation admitted to a New York State Regional Perinatal Center within 48 hours of birth who survived to hospital discharge. Using quality improvement principles from the Institute for Healthcare Improvement and experience derived from successfully reducing central line-associated blood stream infections statewide, the New York State Perinatal Quality Collaborative sought to improve neonatal growth by adopting better nutritional practices identified through literature review and collaborative learning.

A Statewide Quality Improvement Initiative to Reduce Non-Medically Indicated Scheduled Deliveries.

Objectives To evaluate a large two-phase, statewide quality improvement (QI) collaborative to decrease non-medically indicated (N-MI) deliveries scheduled between 36 and 38 weeks gestation (early). Methods The New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) convened a Perinatal Quality Collaborative to devise a two-phase QI initiative using a rapid cycle incremental learning model. Phase 1 included Regional Perinatal Centers (RPCs), and Phase 2 added their affiliated perinatal hospitals.

Variation in Enteral Feeding Practices and Growth Outcomes among Very Premature Infants: A Report from the New York State Perinatal Quality Collaborative.

Background: Extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) is inversely related to neurodevelopmental outcome. We analyzed growth outcomes and enteral nutrition practices among preterm infants at New York State (NYS) regional perinatal centers (RPCs) to identify practices associated with risk of EUGR.

Methods: Surviving infants < 31 weeks' gestation admitted to a NYS RPC during 2010 were identified and data collected on their growth and enteral nutrition from a statewide database.

Longitudinal functional recovery after postacute rehabilitation in older hip fracture patients: the role of cognitive impairment and implications for long-term care.

Objective: To compare functional recovery patterns of cognitively impaired and nonimpaired older adults who had hip fracture surgeries, and to identify associated long-term care needs.

Methods: Longitudinal study (n = 231). Data were collected within 72 hours of admission to and before discharge from the postacute rehabilitation facilities and at 2, 6, and 12 months following postacute rehabilitation discharge.

Examining heterogeneity of functional recovery among older adults with hip fractures.

Objective: To examine heterogeneity in 1-year functional recovery following postacute rehabilitation among older adults with hip fracture.

Methods: Two hundred twenty-five community-dwelling older adults with hip fracture who received postacute rehabilitation in 5 rehabilitation facilities in Baltimore, Maryland, were recruited during postacute rehabilitation (baseline) and follow-up at 2, 6, and 12 months following postacute rehabilitation discharge. Functional recovery was measured by the activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scores.