Subfunctionalization of NRC3 altered the genetic structure of the Nicotiana NRC network.

Nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins play crucial roles in immunity against pathogens in both animals and plants. In solanaceous plants, activation of several sensor NLRs triggers their helper NLRs, known as NLR-required for cell death (NRC), to form resistosome complexes to initiate immune responses. While the sensor NLRs and downstream NRC helpers display diverse genetic compatibility, molecular evolutionary events leading to the complex network architecture remained elusive.

Phantom energy in the nonlinear response of a quantum many-body scar state.

Quantum many-body scars are notable as nonthermal, low-entanglement states that exist at high energies. In this study, we used attractively interacting dysprosium gases to create scar states that are stable enough to be driven into a strongly nonlinear regime while retaining their character. We measured how the kinetic and total energies evolve after quenching the confining potential.

A long section of serpentinized depleted mantle peridotite.

The upper mantle is critical for our understanding of terrestrial magmatism, crust formation, and element cycling between Earth's solid interior, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. Mantle composition and evolution have been primarily inferred by surface sampling and indirect methods. We recovered a long (1268-meter) section of serpentinized abyssal mantle peridotite interleaved with thin gabbroic intrusions.

Hypogonadism among HIV-positive men who have sex with men in Taiwan: Prevalence and associated factors.

Background: Male hypogonadism is not uncommon in people with HIV (PWH), with estimated prevalence ranging from 9% to 16%. Existing data are limited on the serum testosterone levels in PWH in Asian populations.

Methods: We enrolled HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) and had been on stable antiretroviral therapy and MSM without HIV between February 2021 and November 2022.

"Lost in Translation: The Readability Discrepancy of Online Patient Educational Materials for PCL Surgery".

Objectives: While the internet provides accessible medical information, often times it does not cater to the average patient's ability to understand medical text at a 6th and 8th grade reading level, per American Medical Association (AMA)/National Institute of Health (NIH) recommendations. This study looks to analyze current online materials relating to posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) surgery and their readability, understandability, and actionability.

Methods: The top 100 Google searchs for "PCL surgery" were compiled.

The Effect of Temperature and Shear on the Gelation of Cellulose Nanocrystals in Deep Eutectic Solvents.

With the flourishing development of 3D printing technology, the demand for printing materials has been increasing rapidly in recent years. In particular, physical gels formed by cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) exhibit suitable shear-thinning behavior, high storage moduli, and high yield stresses for extrusion-based printing. While most studies use water as the dispersing medium to form CNC percolated gels, the dispersing behavior of CNCs in alternative solvents, such as deep eutectic solvents (DESs), has not been fully explored.

When the Cure Becomes the Problem: A Case Report of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Associated With Varicella Encephalitis.

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) describes a constellation of inflammatory symptoms that develop following the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Here, we present a case of a 39-year-old male-to-female transgender patient with advanced HIV who was started on ART during a hospitalization for acute encephalopathy due to a combination of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) meningitis and varicella encephalitis. After adequate treatment of these infections and five weeks after initiation of ART, she developed inflammatory symptoms of malaise, fever, and tachycardia, as well as laboratory findings of leukocytosis consistent with an inflammatory process.

Lewis Acid Probe for Basicity of Sulfide Electrolytes Investigated by B Solid-State NMR.

Sulfide-based solid-state lithium-ion batteries (SSLIB) have attracted a lot of interest globally in the past few years for their high safety and high energy density over the traditional lithium-ion batteries. However, sulfide electrolytes (SEs) are moisture-sensitive which pose significant challenges in the material preparation and cell manufacturing. To the best of our knowledge, there is no tool available to probe the types and the strength of the basic sites in sulfide electrolytes, which is crucial for understanding the moisture stability of sulfide electrolytes.

Caulerpa lentillifera improves ethanol-induced liver injury and modulates the gut microbiota in rats.

(CL), also called sea grape, is a type of edible green alga which was reported to have antioxidative and immunomodulatory potential. This study aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of CL in a rat model of chronic ethanol exposure. Wistar rats were assigned to four groups and supplied with an isocaloric control liquid diet (group C), an ethanol liquid diet (group E), a control liquid diet supplemented with 5% CL (group CC), or an ethanol liquid diet supplemented with 5% CL (group EC) for a 12-week experimental period.

Targeted therapy in glomerular diseases.

Targeted therapy has emerged as a more precise approach to treat glomerular diseases, focusing on specific molecular or cellular processes that contribute to disease development or progression. This approach complements or replaces traditional immunosuppressive therapy, optimizes supportive care, and provides a more personalized treatment strategy. In this review, we summarize the evolving understanding of pathogenic mechanisms in immune-mediated glomerular diseases and the developing targeted therapies based on these mechanisms.

Lymphoma Spectrum of Image Findings in One Patient.

Lymphoma is a malignancy arising from lymphocytes or lymphoblasts. It affects the lymphoid system and may be expressed in a variety of ways and behave in different fashions. Depending on the organ involved, aggressiveness, and primary or secondary disease, the expression of lymphoma shows polymorphism and sometimes makes it difficult to diagnose from imaging.

Altered subgroups of regulatory T cells in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune inflammatory disease. Up to now, the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and their subgroups in pSS is still in controversial. In this study we tried to elucidate the roles of Tregs and its subgroups in pSS.

Using wound cartoon visual education to enhance nurses' knowledge of wound care.

Cartoon education methods have been used effectively as a teaching tool and were considered potentially useful to improve nurses' knowledge and professional skills to ensure quality patient care. Therefore, this study aimed to enhance nurses' knowledge of wound care using the cartoon visual education program. After the 4 weeks, nurses were given questionnaires about knowledge of wound care, self-efficacy, situation anxiety, and trait anxiety to understand the nurse's situation before and after the teaching program analysis.

An Acute Kidney Injury Prediction Model for 24-hour Ultramarathon Runners.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequently seen in ultrarunners, and in this study, an AKI prediction model for 24-hour ultrarunners was built based on the runner's prerace blood, urine, and body composition data. Twenty-two ultrarunners participated in the study. The risk of acquiring AKI was evaluated by a support vector machine (SVM) model, which is a statistical model commonly used for classification tasks.

Effective licorice gargle juice for aphthous ulcer pain relief: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of licorice gargle juice on aphthous ulcers, which is a common and painful disease that causes loss of normal mucous tissues and results in inflammatory ulcers in the oral mucosa. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial involving primary care patients suffering from aphthous ulcer was performed. The intervention group received licorice gargle juice for 1 and 2 days.

Tailored architecture of molybdenum carbide/iron oxide micro flowers with graphitic carbon nitride: An electrochemical platform for nano-level detection of organophosphate pesticide in food samples.

Herein we report the ternary hybrid nanocomposite of iron oxide @ molybdenum carbide micro flowers decorated graphitic-carbon nitride (FeO@MoC MFs/g-CN), as a catalyst for the detection of organophosphorus pesticide, parathion (PAT), for the first time. The growth of hierarchical nanostructure from the core level will facilitate easy diffusion of analyte and interact more effectively with the reactive catalytic sites. Thus, FeO NFs architecture was hydrothermally grown over MoC flakes from the core level, which further hybridized with g-CN to ensure electrical conductivity and mechanical stability.