Meta-analysis of deep learning approaches for automated coronary artery calcium scoring: Performance and clinical utility AI in CAC scoring: A meta-analysis: AI in CAC scoring: A meta-analysis.

Introduction: Manual Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) scoring, crucial for assessing coronary artery disease risk, is time-consuming and variable. Deep learning, particularly through Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), promises to automate and enhance the accuracy of CAC scoring, which this study investigates.

Methods: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive literature search across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and IEEE databases from their inception until November 1, 2023, and selected studies that employed deep learning for automated CAC scoring.

Clinical, sonographic and molecular changes in calcific tendinitis of the shoulder following extracorporeal shockwave therapy: a prospective case-control study.

Background: Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is the primary treatment for calcific tendinitis of the shoulders, but what are the effects of clinical, sonographic, and molecular markers following ESWT in treating calcific tendinitis of the shoulder?

Methods: Twenty-eight patients were categorized into radiodense and radiolucent subgroups. In addition, clinical assessments included the visual analogue scale (VAS), Constant-Murley (CM) score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon (ASES) score, sonographic evaluation, and serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The participants completed a one-year follow-up.

Enhancement of hyaline cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration in a rat osteochondral defect model through focused extracorporeal shockwave therapy.

Aims: To explore the efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) in the treatment of osteochondral defect (OCD), and its effects on the levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, -3, -4, -5, and -7 in terms of cartilage and bone regeneration.

Methods: The OCD lesion was created on the trochlear groove of left articular cartilage of femur per rat (40 rats in total). The experimental groups were Sham, OCD, and ESWT (0.

Prognostic factors of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in the treatment of nonunion in long bones: a retrospective study.

Background: Nonunion of long bone fractures is a significant complication following surgical fixation, with an incidence ranging from 5 to 10%. Surgical intervention is the standard treatment for nonunions, but it may come with potential complications. Nonoperative approaches, such as Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT), have been advocated as alternatives.

Short-term clinical outcomes of transarterial embolization for symptomatic hand osteoarthritis refractory to conservative treatment.

Purpose: The present study aims to assess the short-term clinical outcomes and safety of transarterial embolization (TAE) for symptomatic hand osteoarthritis (OA) refractory to conservative treatment.

Methods: The present retrospective cohort pilot study included nine patients who underwent TAE for symptomatic OA-associated hand pain in a single tertiary center between November 2022 and January 2023. The baseline and post-procedural OA-associated hand pain and function were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and the Australian Canadian Hand Osteoarthritis Index (AUSCAN).

Association of a femoral neck T score with knee joint osteophyte formation but not with skeletal muscle mass.

Background: Osteophyte formation is an important radiographic sign of osteoarthritis (OA) and limited joint motion in knee osteoarthritis patients. Some studies revealed relationships of osteophyte formation with a high bone mineral density and a high muscle mass, while others showed no correlations. The aim of this study was to identify relationships of osteophyte formation with bone mineral density and muscle mass.

Decreased Expression of Leptin among Patients with Shoulder Stiffness.

Shoulder stiffness (SS) is a disease that is fibroblastic and inflammatory in nature. Leptin is an adipokine-mediating the fibroblastic and inflammatory processes of various diseases. Our study tried to investigate the role of leptin in SS pathogenesis.

Shoulder and Elbow Injuries in Elite Taiwanese High School Baseball Pitchers From 2016 to 2017.

Background: Numerous studies have discussed the risk factors for shoulder and elbow injuries in high school baseball players worldwide.

Purpose: To determine the risk factors for pitching-related shoulder and elbow injuries in Taiwanese high school pitchers.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Automated coronary artery calcium scoring using nested U-Net and focal loss.

Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is a great risk predictor of the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and CAC scores can be used to stratify the risk of heart disease. Current clinical analysis of CAC is performed using onsite semiautomated software. This semiautomated CAC analysis requires experienced radiologists and radiologic technologists and is both demanding and time-consuming.

The Application of Focused Medium-Energy Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy in Hemophilic A Arthropathy.

Hemophilic arthropathy causes the damage of synovium, cartilage, and subchondral bone. The present study evaluated the safety and the effect of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT), a safe treatment widely used in musculoskeletal conditions in patients with hemophilic arthropathy. Between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020, seven hemophilia A patients were enrolled and treated with medium-energy ESWT on the knee joint in the first two months after prophylactic coagulation factor administration.

Comparison of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy with Non-Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid Injection for Early Osteoarthritis of the Knees.

Conservative treatments for early osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee included the use of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injection. Recently, several animal studies reported that extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) demonstrated chondroprotective effects on knee OA. The present study compared the efficacy of oral NSAIDs, HA injection, and noninvasive ESWT for early OA of the knee.

Raman Spectroscopic Study of TiO Nanoparticles' Effects on the Hemoglobin State in Individual Red Blood Cells.

Titanium dioxide (TiO) is considered to be a nontoxic material and is widely used in a number of everyday products, such as sunscreen. TiO nanoparticles (NP) are also considered as prospective agents for photodynamic therapy and drug delivery. These applications require an understanding of the potential effects of TiO on the blood system and its components upon administration.

Superior training efficacy of beginning movement load training for the baseball throwers.

Background: Superior shoulder motion with rotator cuff activation are essential for the performance of the throwing athletes. The present study compared the novel beginning movement load training (BMLT) and popular throwers ten program regarding the training efficacy of baseball throwers. We hypothesized that the BMLT contributed the superior training efficacy than popular throwers ten program.

Predicting the surgical reparability of large-to-massive rotator cuff tears by B-mode ultrasonography: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the ability of B-mode ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict the repairability of large-to-massive rotator cuff tears (RCTs).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included participants with large-to-massive RCTs who underwent arthroscopic repair. B-mode ultrasonography and MRI were conducted prior to arthroscopic repair.

Surface Analysis of Perovskite Oxynitride Thin Films as Photoelectrodes for Solar Water Splitting.

Perovskite oxynitride semiconductors have attracted huge interest recently as promising photoelectrode materials for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. Depicted by, the extensive studies of the PEC activity of oxynitride powder-based photoelectrodes and/or deposited thin-film electrodes. High-crystalline-quality, oxynitride thin films grown by physical vapor deposition are ideal model systems to study the fundamental physical and chemical properties of the surface of these materials, including their evolution.

Is coracoclavicular reconstruction necessary in hook plate fixation for acute unstable acromioclavicular dislocation?

Background: Acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) dislocation is a relatively common shoulder injury. For the treatment of cases of severe ACJ dislocation (Rockwood type III-V), hook plate fixation is an easy-to-master and minimally-invasive approach to surgical intervention. Over stress on the acromion following hook plate fixation often leads to acromial complications such as osteolysis and loss of reduction.

Phase transformation and room temperature stabilization of various BiO nano-polymorphs: effect of oxygen-vacancy defects and reduced surface energy due to adsorbed carbon species.

We report the grain growth from the nanoscale to microscale and a transformation sequence from Bi →β-BiO→γ-BiO→α-BiO with the increase of annealing temperature. The room temperature (RT) stabilization of β-BiO nanoparticles (NPs) was attributed to the effect of reduced surface energy due to adsorbed carbon species, and oxygen vacancy defects may have played a significant role in the RT stabilization of γ-BiO NPs. An enhanced red emission band was evident from all the samples attributed to oxygen-vacancy defects formed during the growth process in contrast with the observed white emission band from the air annealed Bi ingots.

Use sonoelastography to predict the reparability of large-to-massive rotator cuff tears.

Introduction: Most symptomatic large-to-massive rotator cuff tears (RCTs) should be operated, but the surgical reparability depended on the degree of rotator cuff muscle atrophy or fatty infiltration. The orthopedic surgeons will decide whether the teared stump is reparable during the surgery, but preoperative evaluation can be done by some assessment tools. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used in recent studies to predict the reparability of large-to-massive RCTs, but the clinical availability was not as good as ultrasound.

Tranexamic Acid Reduces Total Blood Loss and Inflammatory Response in Computer-Assisted Navigation Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Introduction: Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an effective blood salvage agent that reduces perioperative blood loss in conventional total knee arthroplasty (TKA). As computer-assisted surgery for TKA (CAS-TKA) results in a lower perioperative blood loss than conventional TKA, the additional effect of blood conservation by TXA might be mitigated. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of TXA in CAS-TKA.

Comparative Effectiveness of Different Nonsurgical Treatments for Patellar Tendinopathy: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

Purpose: To investigate the functional improvement and pain reduction of different nonsurgical treatments for patellar tendinopathy (PT), a systematic review with network meta-analysis was performed.

Methods: Studies were comprehensively searched for without language restrictions in the CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, and SPORTDiscus databases from inception to May 2018. Randomized controlled trials about nonsurgical treatments for PT were included.

Inferior outcome of rotator cuff repair in chronic hemodialytic patients.

Background: Repair of rotator cuff tears has yielded excellent functional outcomes in recent decades; however, poor outcomes and dissatisfaction have been noted in specific groups. Spontaneous tendon rupture has been reported in patients receiving long-term hemodialysis owing to alteration of tendon structure, which might impede functional recovery after rotator cuff repair. The purpose of the present study was to compare the clinical outcomes between hemodialysis and non-hemodialysis patients after rotator cuff repair.

Efficacy of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on Calcified and Noncalcified Shoulder Tendinosis: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis.

Background: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) had been proved to be beneficial in calcific tendinosis; however, the treatment efficacy in noncalcific tendinosis of rotator cuff still remains controversial. The present study was to compare the outcomes ESWT among the noncalcific rotator cuff tendinosis and different types of calcific tendinosis on the basis of similar shoulder functional status.

Methods: A retrospective, comparative study was conducted with the enrollment of 20 patients in each group through propensity score matching in a 1:1:1 ratio from 291 patients who underwent single ESWT for painful shoulder tendinosis.

Outcomes and factors of elbow arthroscopy upon returning to sports for throwing athletes with osteoarthritis.

Background: Elbow arthroscopy had good functional outcome for throwing athletes. Returning to sports is a major concern for all athletes, but only a few reports have investigated the clinical factors related to the duration of returning to sports. The present study evaluates the efficacy of elbow arthroscopic surgery on throwing elbows with osteoarthritis and defines the clinical factors related to the duration of the returning to sports.