Correlating vestibular schwannoma size with vestibular-evoked myogenic potential results.

Objectives: The maximum size of the vestibular schwannoma (VS) that is compatible with preservation of the function of the vestibular nerve in performing stereotactic radiosurgery remains unclear. This study utilized ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) and cervical VEMP (cVEMP) test results to correlate with the size of VS.

Design: Fifty patients with unilateral VS underwent audiometry, and caloric, oVEMP and cVEMP tests.

Transcriptional upregulation of DDR2 by ATF4 facilitates osteoblastic differentiation through p38 MAPK-mediated Runx2 activation.

Deficiency of the collagen receptor discoidin domain receptor tyrosine kinase (DDR2) in mice and humans results in dwarfism and short limbs, of which the mechanism remains unknown. Here we report that DDR2 is a key regulator of osteoblast differentiation. DDR2 mRNA expression was increased at an early stage of induced osteoblast differentiation.