Relationship of the Built Environment on Nursing Communication Patterns in the Emergency Department: A Task Performance and Analysis Time Study.

Introduction: The physical layout of the emergency department affects the way in which patients and providers move within the space and can cause substantial changes in workflow and, therefore, affect communication patterns between providers. There is no 1 ED design that enables the best patient care, and quantitative studies looking at ED design are limited. The goal of this study was to examine how different ED designs, centralized and decentralized, are associated with communication patterns among health care professionals.

A rapid quantification of invasive phenotype in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A novel 3D pillar array system.

Background: The widely used in vitro invasion assays for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are wound healing, transwell, and organotypic assays. However, these are still lab-intensive and time-consuming tasks. For the rapid detection and high throughput screening of invasiveness in 3D condition, we propose a novel spheroid invasion assay using commercially available pillar platform system.

The Association of Malnutrition and Disease Conditions in Mortality of Pediatric Patients Presenting to a Rural Emergency Department in Uganda.

Objectives: The main objectives of this study were to determine the effect of concurrent malnutrition on disease condition and the primary outcome of mortality in children younger than 5 years hospitalized after presenting to a rural emergency department (ED) in Uganda and to identify a high-risk patient population who may benefit from acute ED intervention.

Methods: A retrospective, observational study was performed to examine the effect of any form of malnutrition on the primary disease conditions of lower-respiratory tract infection (LRTI), malaria, and diarrheal illness. This study was conducted via review of a quality assurance database between January 2010 and July 2014.

Neighborhood Predictors of Outpatient Mental Health Visits Among Persons With Comorbid Medical and Serious Mental Illnesses.

Objective: Individuals with serious mental illnesses are at risk of receiving inadequate outpatient mental health services, increasing the likelihood of medication nonadherence, readmission, and self-harm. The purpose of this study was to identify individual- and neighborhood-level factors associated with outpatient mental health visits.

Methods: This study included 418 participants from two randomized trials of patients with comorbid medical conditions and serious mental illnesses across two study sites between 2011 and 2017.

Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients in Korea With Exon 14 Skipping.

Background/aim: MET exon 14 skipping occurs in 3-4% of patients with lung adenocarcinomas. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of clinical data from Korean non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with MET exon 14 skipping.

Patients And Methods: Overall, 1,020 patients diagnosed with NSCLC between January 2015 and July 2017 were analyzed by next-generation sequencing.

PD-1 blockade-unresponsive human tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells are marked by loss of CD28 expression and rescued by IL-15.

Blockade of programmed death-1 (PD-1) reinvigorates exhausted CD8 T cells, resulting in tumor regression in cancer patients. Recently, reinvigoration of exhausted CD8 T cells following PD-1 blockade was shown to be CD28-dependent in mouse models. Herein, we examined the role of CD28 in anti-PD-1 antibody-induced human T cell reinvigoration using tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells (CD8 TILs) obtained from non-small-cell lung cancer patients.

Association between IL-1beta and cardiovascular disease risk in patients with newly diagnosed, drug-naïve type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.

Background: To determine whether the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1beta, as a marker of the nucleotide binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, can be used to predict cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in patients with newly diagnosed, drug-naïve type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A total of 110 subjects with no history of diabetes were enrolled and divided into control subjects (non-DM group, n=52) and patients with newly diagnosed, drug-naïve T2DM (DM group, n=58).

Results: Serum IL-1beta levels were not different between the two groups.

Aerodynamic size separation of glass fiber aerosols.

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of an aerodynamic separation scheme for obtaining aerosols with nearly monodisperse fiber lengths as test samples for mechanistic toxicological evaluations. The approach involved the separation of aerosolized glass fibers using an Aerodynamic Aerosol Classifier (AAC) or a multi-cyclone sampling array, followed by the collection of separated samples on filter substrates, and the measurement of each sample fiber length distribution. A glass fiber aerosol with a narrow range of aerodynamic sizes was selected and sampled with the AAC or multi-cyclone sampling array in two separate setups.

3D printed temporal bone as a tool for otologic surgery simulation.

Purpose: In this face validity study, we discuss the fabrication and utility of an affordable, computed tomography (CT)-based, anatomy-accurate, 3-dimensional (3D) printed temporal bone models for junior otolaryngology resident training.

Materials And Methods: After IRB exemption, patient CT scans were anonymized and downloaded as Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) files to prepare for conversion. These files were converted to stereolithography format for 3D printing.

Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Insulin Detemir Administered Once Daily According to Two Titration Algorithms (3-0-3 and 2-4-6-8) in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: This study was conducted to compare glycaemic control with insulin detemir administered according to two titration algorithms (3-0-3 and 2-4-6-8) after 20 weeks of treatment in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled on metformin.

Methods: This was a 20-week, randomised, multicentre, open-labelled, treat-to-target trial. Forty-six patients were randomised in a 1:1 manner to either the 3-0-3 (G3, =23) or 2-4-6-8 (G2, =23) algorithm.

Diagnosis and Molecular Analysis on Imported Plasmodium ovale curtisi and P. ovale wallikeri Malaria Cases from West and South Africa during 2013-2016.

Majority of the imported malaria cases in Korea is attributed to Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax infections, whereas P. malariae and P.

Parental influences on parent-reported motor skills in young children with developmental disabilities.

Background: Young children with developmental disabilities (DDs) often experience motor skill deficits. Although parents play an important role in developing their children's motor skills, the association between parents of young children with DDs and those children's motor skills has not been widely studied.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to cross-sectionally examine the pathway by which parental physical activity (PA) support, explicit modeling, and child's PA are associated with motor skills in young children with DDs.

Characteristics and outcomes of RET-rearranged Korean non-small cell lung cancer patients in real-world practice.

Objective: Since the first discovery of rearranged during transfection (RET) fusion in lung adenocarcinoma in 2011, two tyrosine kinase inhibitors, namely vandetanib and cabozantinib, are currently available. Despite favorable outcomes in systemic control, the intracranial therapeutic response remains insufficient. In this study, the clinical characteristics and outcomes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with RET rearrangements were analyzed.

Immune-related adverse events are clustered into distinct subtypes by T-cell profiling before and early after anti-PD-1 treatment.

Although anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) treatment has shown remarkable anti-tumor efficacy, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) develop with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. However, the immunological understanding of irAEs is currently limited. In the present study, we analyzed peripheral blood T cells obtained from cancer patients who received anti-PD-1 treatment to determine the immunological characteristics of irAEs.

The prevalence of insulin refusal and psychological insulin resistance among Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: This study investigated the prevalence of insulin refusal and compared the level of psychological insulin resistance (PIR) with the intention to accept insulin therapy among Korean patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Type 2 diabetes patients (n=1,209) were recruited from inner city outpatient diabetes clinics in 2016. Patient demographic, insulin recommendation, diabetes treatment type, intention to receive insulin therapy, and PIR information was collected using self-reports.

Neighborhood-level predictors of age at onset and duration of untreated psychosis in first-episode psychotic disorders.

Objective: Recent years have witnessed growing interest in the role of the social environment in the development and outcomes of schizophrenia. We investigated whether neighborhood characteristics are associated with two important prognostic factors in early-course psychosis, age at onset of psychosis (AOP) and duration of untreated psychosis (DUP).

Methods: Data were collected from patients admitted to the hospital for first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorder.

Disordered region of cereblon is required for efficient degradation by proteolysis-targeting chimera.

Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are an emerging strategy for promoting targeted protein degradation by inducing the proximity between targeted proteins and E3 ubiquitin ligases. Although successful degradation of numerous proteins by PROTACs has been demonstrated, the elements that determine the degradability of PROTAC-targeted proteins have not yet been explored. In this study, we developed von Hippel-Lindau-Cereblon (VHL-CRBN) heterodimerizing PROTACs that induce the degradation of CRBN, but not VHL.

Development of Monoclonal Antibody Specific to Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Type A for Serodiagnosis.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious and economically devastating disease affecting cloven-hoofed livestock worldwide. FMD virus (FMDV) type A is one of the most common causes of FMD outbreaks among the seven FMDV serotypes, and its serological diagnosis is therefore important to confirm FMDV type A infection and to determine FMD vaccine efficacy. Here, we generated monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific to FMDV type A via hybridoma systems using an inactivated FMDV type A (A22/Iraq/1964) and found 4 monoclones (#29, #106, #108, and #109) with high binding reactivity to FMDV type A among 594 primary clones.

Systematic Evaluation of Gastric Tumor Cell Index and Two-Drug Combination Therapy via 3-Dimensional High-Throughput Drug Screening.

Tumor heterogeneity greatly limits personalized treatment of cancer. Patient-derived tumor cell (PDC) models precisely recapitulate the molecular properties and biology of the disease, making them effective preclinical tools for assessing anti-cancer drug activities. Accurate estimation of tumor purity is essential for performing high-throughput drug screening (HTS).

Association between glycemic state and pulmonary function and effect of walking as a protective factor in subjects with diabetes mellitus.

Background: Several population-based studies have shown that individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have decreased pulmonary function. Moreover, impaired pulmonary function is associated with all-cause mortality in T2DM. We investigated the association between glycemic state and pulmonary function and evaluated the role of walking as protective factor in subjects with diabetes using a nationwide, population-based, cross-sectional survey.

Se-methylselenocysteine stimulates migration and antioxidant response in HaCaT keratinocytes: Implications for wound healing.

Background: Se-methylselenocysteine (MSC), a natural organic selenium compound, is known for its anticancer effects. In the present study, we investigated the effects of MSC on cell migration, which is the most limiting step in the reepithelialization process of wound healing and the antioxidant response in HaCaT keratinocytes.

Methods: HaCaT cells were treated with various concentrations of MSC.