Effects of successful parathyroidectomy on neuropsychological and cognitive status in patients with asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism.

Purpose: Besides typical clinical symptoms, primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is associated with impaired quality of life and cognitive status. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life and cognitive impairment in patients with pHPT, before and after parathyroidectomy.

Methods: We conducted a panel study, which included asymptomatic pHPT patients scheduled for parathyroidectomy.

The Value of Troponin Measurement in Carotid Revascularization: A Scoping Review.

Purpose: Patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or carotid artery stenting (CAS) are at substantially increased risk of short-term and long-term cardiac complications. Still, the role of perioperative troponin in predicting cardiac events remains unclear. The objective was to systematically summarize the existing evidence on the topic and provide directions for further research.

Patients' Fears and Perceptions Associated with Anesthesia.

It has been suggested that intense feelings of fear/anxiety and significant patient concerns may affect the perioperative course. Those findings emphasize the importance of surgical patients' preoperative feelings. Still, current knowledge in this area is based on a limited number of studies.

Case Control Study of Risk Factors for Occurrence of Postoperative Hematoma After Thyroid Surgery: Ten Year Analysis of 6938 Operations in a Tertiary Center in Serbia.

Background: Post-thyroidectomy bleeding is rare, but potentially life-threatening complication. Early recognition with immediate intervention is crucial for the management of this complication. Therefore, it is very important to identify possible risk factors of postoperative hemorrhage as well as timing of postoperative hematoma occurrence.

Preoperative Anxiety is Associated With Postoperative Complications in Vascular Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Preoperative anxiety is associated with increased morbidity and/or mortality in surgical patients. This study investigated the incidence, predictors, and association of preoperative anxiety with postoperative complications in vascular surgery.

Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing aortic, carotid, and peripheral artery surgery, under general and regional anesthesia, from February until October 2019 were included in a cross-sectional study.

Identification of Risk Factors and Development of Predictive Risk Score Model for Mortality after Open Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair.

Background and Objectives: Despite the relatively large number of publications concerning the validation of these models, there is currently no solid evidence that they can be used with absolute precision to predict survival. The goal of this study is to identify preoperative factors that influenced 30-day mortality and to create a predictive model after open ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA) repair. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective single-center cohort study derived from a prospective collected database, between 1 January 2009 and 2016.

Translation and validation of the Amsterdam preoperative anxiety and information scale (APAIS) in Serbia.

Objectives: Preoperative anxiety is common and might affect surgical treatment outcomes. The aim was to translate and validate the Serbian version of the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS).

Methods: Following translation and initial evaluation, the Serbian version (S-APAIS) was administered to 385 patients.

Induced miR-99a expression represses Mtor cooperatively with miR-150 to promote regulatory T-cell differentiation.

Peripheral induction of regulatory T (Treg) cells provides essential protection from inappropriate immune responses. CD4(+) T cells that lack endogenous miRNAs are impaired to differentiate into Treg cells, but the relevant miRNAs are unknown. We performed an overexpression screen with T-cell-expressed miRNAs in naive mouse CD4(+) T cells undergoing Treg differentiation.

Regulatory T cell differentiation: turning harmful into useful.

In this issue of Immunity, Lee et al. (2012) demonstrate a surprisingly broad "window of opportunity" for regulatory T (Treg) cell induction and provide evidence for an avidity model of Treg cell differentiation versus deletion.

Regulatory T cell lineage commitment in the thymus.

A substantial fraction of the Foxp3(+) CD4(+) regulatory T (T(reg)) cell repertoire is generated through instructive and/or selective processes in the thymus, and there is some consensus that clonal deviation into the T(reg) lineage is a result of self-antigen recognition. Paradoxically, the same holds true for a diametrically different cell fate decision of developing thymocytes, namely their removal from the repertoire through apoptotic cell death (clonal deletion). Here, we will review our current understanding of how T cell receptor stimulation, cytokine signaling, co-stimulation, epigenetic modifications and T cell intrinsic developmental tuning synergize during T(reg) cell differentiation, and how instructive signals converge at the Foxp3 gene-locus during entry into the T(reg) cell lineage.

The use of PRV-Bartha to define premotor inputs to lumbar motoneurons in the neonatal spinal cord of the mouse.

Background: The neonatal mouse has become a model system for studying the locomotor function of the lumbar spinal cord. However, information about the synaptic connectivity within the governing neural network remains scarce. A neurotropic pseudorabies virus (PRV) Bartha has been used to map neuronal connectivity in other parts of the nervous system, due to its ability to travel trans-neuronally.

Anatomical organization of motoneurons and interneurons in the mudpuppy (Necturus maculosus) brachial spinal cord: the neural substrate for central pattern generation.

The isolated brachial spinal cord of the mudpuppy is useful for studies of neural networks underlying forelimb locomotion, but information about its anatomy is scarce. We addressed this issue by combining retrograde labeling with fluorescent tracers and confocal microscopy. Remarkably, the central region of gray matter was aneural and contained only a tenuous meshwork of glial fibers and large extracellular spaces.

Morphology of brachial segments in mudpuppy (Necturus maculosus) spinal cord studied with confocal and electron microscopy.

The isolated brachial spinal cord of Necturus maculosus is useful for studies of neural networks underlying forelimb locomotion, but information about its cellular morphology is scarce. We addressed this issue by using confocal and electron microscopy. Remarkably, the central region of gray matter was aneural and consisted exclusively of a tenuous meshwork of glial fibers and large extracellular spaces.