The influence of theta transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on working memory storage and processing functions.

The study aimed to explore the role of the fronto-parietal brain network in working memory function--in temporary storage and manipulation of information. In a single blind sham controlled experiment 36 respondents solved different working memory tasks after theta transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) was applied to left frontal, left parietal and right parietal areas. Both verum tACS protocols stimulating parietal brain areas (target electrodes positioned at location P3, or P4) had a positive effect on WM storage capacity as compared with sham tACS, whereas no such influence was observed for the stimulation of the left frontal area (target electrode positioned at location F3).

Increasing working memory capacity with theta transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS).

The study aimed to investigate the influence of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on working memory's (WM) storage capacity. Sham/verum tACS with individually determined theta frequency was applied to the left parietal (target electrode=P3) or frontal (target electrode=F3) brain areas (return electrode above the right eyebrow). After sham and verum stimulation, 24 respondents solved a task measuring the scope of attention while their electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded.

Working memory training: improving intelligence--changing brain activity.

The main objectives of the study were: to investigate whether training on working memory (WM) could improve fluid intelligence, and to investigate the effects WM training had on neuroelectric (electroencephalography - EEG) and hemodynamic (near-infrared spectroscopy - NIRS) patterns of brain activity. In a parallel group experimental design, respondents of the working memory group after 30 h of training significantly increased performance on all tests of fluid intelligence. By contrast, respondents of the active control group (participating in a 30-h communication training course) showed no improvements in performance.

Resting brain activity: differences between genders.

This study investigated electrophysiological (EEG) and hemodynamic (near infrared spectroscopy - NIRS) measures as a function of gender in normal adult individuals. The EEG data analysis was based on the resting eyes closed brain activity of 300 respondents (160 females). The NIRS analyses was based on 155 respondents (88 females).

Gender related differences in visual and auditory processing of verbal and figural tasks.

The aim of the present study was to investigate gender related differences in brain activity for tasks of verbal and figural content presented in the visual and auditory modality. Thirty male and 30 female respondents solved four tasks while their electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded. Also recorded was the percentage of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (%StO(2)) in the respondents' frontal brain areas with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).

Do women see things differently than men do?

The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of gender on brain activity. Thirty male and 30 female respondents solved simple auditory and visual tasks while their electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded. Also recorded was the percentage of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (%StO(2)) in the respondents' frontal brain areas with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).

Personality, gender and brain oscillations.

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between personality structure and brain activity of individuals while resting with eyes closed. In the experiment 110 individuals participated (55 males and 55 females). They were clustered into 5 personality types according to the dimensions of general and emotional intelligence, and the five-factor personality model (FFM) -- extraversion (E), neuroticism (N), openness (O), conscientiousness (C) and agreeableness (A).

The influence of Mozart's music on brain activity in the process of learning.

Objective: The study investigated the influence Mozart's music has on brain activity in the process of learning. A second objective was to test priming explanation of the Mozart effect.

Methods: In Experiment 1 individuals were first trained in how to solve spatial rotation tasks, and then solved similar tasks.

Sex differences in brain activity related to general and emotional intelligence.

The study investigated gender differences in resting EEG (in three individually determined narrow alpha frequency bands) related to the level of general and emotional intelligence. Brain activity of males decreased with the level of general intelligence, whereas an opposite pattern of brain activity was observed in females. This difference was most pronounced in the upper-alpha band which is related to semantic memory processes.

Differences in induced gamma and upper alpha oscillations in the human brain related to verbal/performance and emotional intelligence.

Participating in the study were 30 respondents, who could be clustered as high-average verbal/performance intelligent (HIQ/AIQ), or emotionally intelligent (HEIQ/AEIQ). The EEG was recorded while students were performing two tasks: the Raven's advanced progressive matrices (RAPM), and identifying emotions in pictures (IDEM). Significant differences in event-related desynchronization/synchronization (ERD/ERS) related to verbal/performance intelligence were only observed while respondents solved the RAPM.

Differences in induced brain activity during the performance of learning and working-memory tasks related to intelligence.

Thirteen high intelligent (H-IQ) and 13 low intelligent (L-IQ) individuals solved two figural working-memory (WM) tasks and two figural learning tasks while their EEG was recorded. For the WM tasks, only in the theta band group related differences in induced event-related desynchronization/synchronization (ERD/ERS) were observed. L-IQ individuals displayed greater theta synchronization in the later phases of task completion (1000-2000 ms) as compared to H-IQ individuals.

Spatiotemporal brain activity related to intelligence: a low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography study.

Differences in current density between high intelligent (IQ=124), and average intelligent individuals (IQ=110), while solving two complex cognitive tasks (analytical-figural, and identification of emotions) were analyzed with low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA). High intelligent individuals, as compared with average ones in both tasks displayed a lesser full width at half maximum (FWHM) volume-indicating the amount of spatial dispersion of the source. High and average intelligent individuals also differed in their source location.