Structural and functional divergence of the Mpc1 genes in wheat and barley.

Background: The members of the Triticeae tribe are characterised by the presence of orthologous and homoeologous gene copies regulating flavonoid biosynthesis. Among transcription factors constituting a regulatory MBW complex, the greatest contribution to the regulation of flavonoid biosynthetic pathway is invested by R2R3-Myb-type TFs. Differently expressed R2R3-Myb copies activate the synthesis of various classes of flavonoid compounds in different plant tissues.

Myc-like transcriptional factors in wheat: structural and functional organization of the subfamily I members.

Background: Myc-like regulatory factors carrying the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain belong to a large superfamily of transcriptional factors (TFs) present in all eukaryotic kingdoms. In plants, the representatives of this superfamily regulate diverse biological processes including growth and development as well as response to various stresses. As members of the regulatory MBW complexes, they participate in biosynthesis of flavonoids.

Duplicated and genes in barley genome.

Background: Anthocyanin compounds playing multiple biological functions can be synthesized in different parts of barley ( L.) plant. The diversity of anthocyanin molecules is related with branching the pathway to alternative ways in which dihydroflavonols may be modified either with the help of flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (3') or flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase (3'5')-the cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases.

Identification and characterization of regulatory network components for anthocyanin synthesis in barley aleurone.

Background: Among natural populations, there are different colours of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The colour of barley grains is directly related to the accumulation of different pigments in the aleurone layer, pericarp and lemma.