Cellulose Nanofiber-Coated Perfluoropentane Droplets: Fabrication and Biocompatibility Study.

Purpose: To study the effect of cellulose nanofiber (CNF)-shelled perfluoropentane (PFP) droplets on the cell viability of 4T1 breast cancer cells with or without the addition of non-encapsulated paclitaxel.

Methods: The CNF-shelled PFP droplets were produced by mixing a CNF suspension and PFP using a homogenizer. The volume size distribution and concentration of CNF-shelled PFP droplets were estimated from images taken with an optical microscope and analyzed using Fiji software and an in-house Matlab script.

Measuring the Compressibility of Cellulose Nanofiber-Stabilized Microdroplets Using Acoustophoresis.

Droplets with a liquid perfluoropentane core and a cellulose nanofiber shell have the potential to be used as drug carriers in ultrasound-mediated drug delivery. However, it is necessary to understand their mechanical properties to develop ultrasound imaging sequences that enable in vivo imaging of the vaporization process to ensure optimized drug delivery. In this work, the compressibility of droplets stabilized with cellulose nanofibers was estimated using acoustophoresis at three different acoustic pressures.

Deriving acoustic properties for perfluoropentane droplets with viscoelastic cellulose nanofiber shell via numerical simulations.

Perfluoropentane droplets with cellulose nanofibers (CNF) shells have demonstrated better stability and easier surface modification as ultrasound contrast agents and drug delivery vehicles. This paper presents a theoretical model assuming a four-phase state "inverse antibubble," with the core filled with gas perfluoropentane surrounded by liquid perfluoropentane. A continuous, incompressible, and viscoelastic stabilizing layer separates the core from the surrounding water.

A Study on the Acoustic Response of Pickering Perfluoropentane Droplets in Different Media.

Acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) is the physical process of liquid-to-gas phase transition mediated by pressure variations in an ultrasound field. In this study, the acoustic response of novel particle-stabilized perfluoropentane droplets was studied in bulk and confined media. The oil/water interface was stabilized by cellulose nanofibers.

On the Development of a Novel Contrast Pulse Sequence for Polymer-Shelled Microbubbles.

Contrast agents are routinely used in ultrasound examinations. Nonlinear ultrasound imaging techniques have been developed over decades to enhance the contrast between the tissue and the blood pool after the injection of ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs). In this study, we introduce a new contrast pulse sequence, CPS4.

Unravelling the Acoustic and Thermal Responses of Perfluorocarbon Liquid Droplets Stabilized with Cellulose Nanofibers.

The attractive colloidal and physicochemical properties of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) at interfaces have recently been exploited in the facile production of a number of environmentally benign materials, e.g. foams, emulsions, and capsules.

Review on Acoustic Droplet Vaporization in Ultrasound Diagnostics and Therapeutics.

Acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) is the physical process in which liquid undergoes phase transition to gas after exposure to a pressure amplitude above a certain threshold. In recent years, new techniques in ultrasound diagnostics and therapeutics have been developed which utilize microformulations with various physical and chemical properties. The purpose of this review is to give the reader a general idea on how ADV can be implemented for the existing biomedical applications of droplet vaporization.