Pain perception during outpatient cystoscopy: a prospective controlled study.

Objective: Rigid cystoscopy is a common diagnostic tool in the assessment of lower urinary tract symptoms, but it is an invasive procedure which can cause distress. Data exist about pain perception during cystoscopy in male patients but only a few data are available in women. The purpose of this study was to investigate pain perception in urogynecologic patients during cystoscopy and compare it with pain perception during urodynamics.

Pelvic organ support, symptoms and quality of life during pregnancy: a prospective study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Prevalence studies show an increase in lower urinary tract and pelvic floor symptoms during pregnancy. The aim of our prospective study was to evaluate changes in pelvic organ support, pelvic floor symptoms and their effect on quality of life (QOL) during the first pregnancy using validated measures. We hypothesised that pregnancy is associated with worsening of pelvic floor function.

Effect of childbirth on pelvic organ support and quality of life: a longitudinal cohort study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Although childbirth is known to be a major risk factor for pelvic floor disorders, there is a paucity of prospective, long-term data addressing this issue. The aim of our study was to evaluate the changes of pelvic organ support, symptoms and quality of life (QOL) after childbirth.

Methods: Pelvic organ support was objectively assessed using the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification method (POP-Q) and pelvic floor symptoms were subjectively evaluated using a validated questionnaire performed in the second trimester, 14 weeks, 1 and 5 years after delivery.

Relaxin and gonadal steroid receptors in uterosacral ligaments of women with and without pelvic organ prolapse.

Introduction And Hypothesis: This study evaluates the expression of estrogen receptor isoforms alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ), progesterone receptor (PR), and relaxin receptor isoforms 1 and 2 (LGR7, LGR8) in uterosacral ligament (USL) tissue of women with pelvic organ prolapse and controls.

Methods: Tissue samples of USL from women with and without pelvic organ prolapse (POP) were subjected to immunohistochemistry against ERα, ERβ, PR, and LGR7 proteins. The respective mRNA expression as well as of LGR8 was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

The greatest taboo: urinary incontinence as a source of shame and embarrassment.

Introduction: While urinary incontinence is often labeled as a taboo in the literature, we found no scientific data addressing this issue exclusively. The aim of our study was to measure the perception of urinary incontinence as a taboo and how this compares to other medical conditions that may be embarrassing.

Methods: 150 test persons completed a self-administered 13-item questionnaire about perception and knowledge of urinary incontinence.