Development and Validation of the High-Voltage Direct-Current Modular Multilevel Converter (HVDC-MMC) Model for Converter Transformer Protection Studies.

The electrical protection of power networks with fault contribution from inverter-based power sources imposes new application challenges that have to be dealt with by protection engineers. This paper describes the development of a study case model of an HVDC-MMC link for testing the protection behaviour of connected converter transformers. The paper summarises the implementation and validation of the converter control as well as enhancements to provide Fault Ride-Through capability and fast fault current injection as required by the German Technical Connection Rules for HVDC.