Venom Immunotherapy Does Not Affect Survival of Patients with Malignant Tumor in Poland.

Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a well-established and efficient method of causative treatment for allergic rhinitis, asthma and insect venom allergy. Traditionally, a recent history of malignant neoplasm is regarded as a contraindication to AIT due to concerns that AIT might stimulate tumor growth. However, there are no data confirming that the silencing of the Th2 response affects prognosis in cancer.

Mast Cells and Basophils in IgE-Independent Anaphylaxis.

Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening or even fatal systemic hypersensitivity reaction. The incidence of anaphylaxis has risen at an alarming rate in the past decades in the majority of countries. Generally, the most common causes of severe or fatal anaphylaxis are medication, foods and venoms.

Platelet-activating factor as an endogenous cofactor of food anaphylaxis.

Anaphylaxis is a severe, acute, life-threatening generalized or systemic hypersensitivity reaction. The incidence of anaphylaxis is increasing worldwide, with medications and food contributing to most cases. Physical exercise, acute infections, drugs, alcohol, and menstruation are the external cofactors associated with more severe systemic reaction.

The Dynamics of Changes in the Concentration of IgG against the S1 Subunit in Polish Healthcare Workers in the Period from 1 to 12 Months after Injection, Including Four COVID-19 Vaccines.

Background: The presented research made it possible to obtain the characteristics of changes in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG within one year of vaccination in healthcare workers.

Materials And Methods: The research group consisted of 18,610 participants represented by medical and administration staff. IgG antibody concentrations were determined by ELISA.

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG against the S Protein: A Comparison of BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, ChAdOx1 nCoV-2019 and Ad26.COV2.S Vaccines.

Background: COVID-19 vaccines induce a differentiated humoral and cellular response, and one of the comparable parameters of the vaccine response is the determination of IgG antibodies.

Materials And Methods: Concentrations of IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were analyzed at three time points (at the beginning of May, at the end of June and at the end of September). Serum samples were obtained from 954 employees of the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń (a total of three samples each were obtained from 511 vaccinated participants).

Tree nut allergy.

From a botanical point of view, a nut is a kind of dry, closed, unbroken, single-seeded fruit, which has a ligneous pericarp made up of several fruiting bodies surrounded by one free semen. The term "allergy to tree nuts" includes allergies to almonds, Brazil nuts, cashew nuts, hazelnuts, chestnuts, macadamia nuts, pecan nuts, pistachios and walnuts. All tree nuts belong to five orders of plants: Rosaceae, Fagales, Sapindales, Ericales and Proteales.

Differences in the Concentration of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibodies Post-COVID-19 Recovery or Post-Vaccination.

At the end of 2020, population-based vaccination programs with new generation mRNA-based vaccines began almost all over the world. The aim of the study was to evaluate the titer of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies against the S1 subunit of the virus's spike protein as a marker of the humoral response in 477 patients and the concentration of interferon-gamma as an indicator of cellular response in 28 individuals. In our studies, we used serological enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

The effect of hymenoptera venom immunotherapy on neutrophils, interleukin 8 (IL-8) and interleukin 17 (IL-17).

Objectives: Venom immunotherapy (VIT) is an effective treatment method and is addressed to patients with a history of an anaphylactic reaction to Hymenoptera stings. However, the immunological mechanisms of protection have not been explained yet. The objective of this study was to analyze neutrophils, interleukin 8 (IL-8) and interleukin 17 (IL-17) before and after the initial phase of the immunotherapy.

Expression of eosinophils, RANTES and IL-25 in the first phase of Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy.

Introduction: Venom immunotherapy (VIT) can protect against severe anaphylactic reactions (SR) in 80-100% of subjects allergic to Hymenoptera venom. The mechanisms of induction of immunological tolerance produced by VIT are still little known. It has been shown that VIT modulates Treg activity, Th2 or Th1 cells or both, increases production of IL-10, decreases secretion of IL-13, and causes an IgG4/IgE ratio shift.

Fear of stinging insects in relation to state anxiety and trait anxiety in a group of patients with hymenoptera venom allergy undergoing immunotherapy.

Introduction: The level of fear of hymenoptera associated with stinging or envenomation may depend on situational factors and on trait anxiety characteristic of each patient.

Aim: To assess the relationship between fear of stinging insects on the one hand and state anxiety and trait anxiety on the other in a group of patients with hymenoptera venom allergy.

Material And Methods: The study was conducted by the Department of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Dr J.

Omalizumab improves forced expiratory volume in 1 second in patients with severe asthma.

Introduction: Asthma is a multiphenotypic disease, and therapeutic managenment in patients with severe asthma is particulary difficult, with conventional treatment of severe asthma showing poor efficacy.

Aim: To analyse forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV) following the adminstration of omalizumab.

Material And Methods: Six patinents (mean age: 50 ±12.

Venom immunotherapy and pregnancy.

Introductions: The efficiency of venom immunotherapy (VIT) has been well documented by many studies. However, the most important for VIT is safety, particularly for a pregnant woman and a fetus.

Aim: To establish the influence of continuation of VIT on pregnant women and offspring.

ABO blood groups, Rhesus factor, and anaphylactic reactions due to Hymenoptera stings.

Introduction: Numerous publications indicate that the prevalence of some infectious, neoplastic and immunological diseases are associated with ABO blood groups.

Objective: The aim of this study was to verify whether ABO and Rh blood groups are associated with severe anaphylactic reactions after Hymenoptera stings.

Material And Methods: A study was undertaken of 71,441 Caucasian subjects living in the same geographic area.

Expression of IL-17A concentration and effector functions of peripheral blood neutrophils in food allergy hypersensitivity patients.

Lymphocytes Th17 and other types of immune system cells produce IL17. By induction of cytokines and chemokines, the IL17 cytokine is involved in mechanisms of allergic reaction with participation of neutrophil granulocytes. It affects activation, recruitment, and migration of neutrophils to the tissues, regulating inflammatory reaction intensity.

Platelet activating factor in allergies.

The platelet-activating factor (PAF) produced and released by mast cells, basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, fibroblasts, platelets, endothelial cells, and even cardiac muscle cells plays an important role in inflammatory and thrombotic diseases. PAF has been shown to be an important mediator in anaphylaxis. Serum level of the factor correlates with the severity of systemic reactions.

Anaphylaxis as a cause of hospitalization--a single academic centre experience.

Introduction: In recent years, more and more often the increase in incidence of allergies is observed. According to the WHO, they are getting the fourth position amongst the most frequent diseases after cancers, cardiovascular diseases and AIDS. Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening, systemic or generalised immediate hypersensitivity reaction.

Angiogenesis in bronchial asthma.

Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterised by airflow obstruction that may be reversed spontaneously or in response to treatment. The airway inflammation can lead to structural changes and remodelling consisting of subepithelial layer thickening, airway smooth muscle hyperplasia and angiogenesis. Subepithelial hypervascularity and angiogenesis in the airways are part of the structural airway wall in asthma.

[Antimicrobial peptides in asthma pathogenesis].

Antimicrobial peptides exhibit activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. They have been described not only as endogenous antibiotics but also as immune modulators with an impact on innate and adaptive immune functions. Asthma is one of the most common diseases, characterized by chronic airway inflammation, bronchial hyperreactivity and asthma attacks.

[Gene and environmental interactions of food allergy].

Food allergy is now looming as a major health issue with significant implications. In westernized countries, recent reports show a rise in allergic diseases, in particular food allergy. It affects approximately 5-8% of children and 1-5% of adults.

Celery--cause of severe anaphylactic shock.

Background: We present a case of anaphylactic shock induced by celery ingestion in a 28-year old woman with pollinosis during allergen (50% birch, 50% grass) immunotherapy.

Case Report: A female patient, aged 28 was admitted to the clinic due to a serious anaphylactic reaction. The event took place 15 min after ingesting fresh celery.

[Dendritic cells and allergy].

Dendritic cells (DC) are pivotal regulator of immune reactivity and immune tolerance. The aim of this paper is to present the current knowledge on the dendritic cell development, biology and their role in asthma and immunotherapy.

[Severe hyponatremia in patient with tumor of mediastinum].

Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte derangement occurring in hospitalized patients. The study presents a case of severe hyponatremia (range 93.2 mEq/l) in 67-year-old women presented weakness and neurological abnormalities.

[Alternations of bronchial smooth muscle and effect of therapy on remodeling in asthma].

Alternations in airway wall architecture, particularly increased smooth muscle mass are associated with pathogenesis of asthma. Muscle fiber hyperplasia and hypertrophy is a major contributor to the increase in smooth muscle mass. Airway smooth muscle was traditionally considered to have only contractile and proliferative functions and has little attention with regard to its ability to express and release inflammatory mediators.

[Remodeling of the basement membrane and airway epithelium in patients with asthma].

Chronic inflammation is recognized as a primary factor in the development of asthma, and its role in the induction of the remodeling of the airways has recently been emphasized. Changes in airway structure such as thickening of the airway wall are common findings in cases of asthma. Thickening of the epithelial reticular basement membrane has been reported to show a positive correlation with airway hyperresponsiveness, the frequency of asthma attacks, and the numbers of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts that lie external and adjacent to it.