Surgical Textbook Outcomes in the Era of Neoadjuvant Systemic Treatment for Skin Cancers.

Recent years have brought new, highly effective systemic treatments to clinical practice, which can be used to treat patients with locally advanced or metastatic skin cancers. Using these regimens in neoadjuvant strategy influences surgical treatment by facilitating surgical resection, avoiding extensive resections with complex reconstructions and even omitting surgery in some cases. Integrating systemic therapy with surgery is ongoing and requires novel quality measures of surgical treatment to capture the clinical benefits of multidisciplinary strategies better.

Long-term efficacy of neoadjuvant-adjuvant targeted therapy in borderline resectable stage IIIB-D and IV melanoma.

Background: Neoadjuvant-adjuvant therapy for locally advanced or potentially resectable metastatic melanoma was expected to improve operability and clinical outcomes over upfront surgery and adjuvant treatment only.

Methods: Forty-seven consecutive patients were treated with neoadjuvant-adjuvant BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi)/MEK inhibitors (MEKi) and surgery.

Results: Twelve (26%) patients achieved a pathological complete response and 10 (21%) patients achieved a near-complete response.

Preoperative-postoperative immunotherapy as treatment of borderline resectable and oligoprogressive stage III B-D and IV melanoma.

Introduction: Perioperative therapy has gained significant importance in patients with advanced melanoma. Currently, there is little data on the routine use of preoperative immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma outside clinical trials. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of preoperative treatment in patients with borderline resectable stage III or IV melanoma as well as in oligoprogressing stage IV cases; the secondary aim is to describe the safety of surgery after immunotherapy.

Molecular and Clinicopathological Biomarkers in the Neoadjuvant Treatment of Patients with Advanced Resectable Melanoma.

Neoadjuvant systemic therapy is emerging as the best medical practice in patients with resectable stage III melanoma. As different regimens are expected to become available in this approach, the improved optimization of treatment strategies is required. Personalization of care in each individual patient-by precisely determining the disease-related risk and the most efficient therapeutic approach-is expected to minimize disease recurrence, but also the incidence of treatment-related adverse events and the extent of surgical intervention.

Resilience Through Harm Reduction? Protective Behavioral Strategies as a Factor of Resilience Among Polish Young Adults Using Various Psychoactive Substances.

Resiliency theory might provide a conceptual framework for understanding why adverse substance-related consequences vary considerably among young adults using psychoactive substances. Protective behavioral strategies (PBS) are behaviors that reduce substance use and related consequences. Despite such suggestions, to date no research has explicitly treated PBS as resilience factors.

Development and validation of the Substance Use Protective Strategies Scale (SUPSS) among Polish young adults using various psychoactive substances.

Research supports protective behavioral strategies (PBS) as effective in reducing substance use, intoxication, and/or related risks/harms. However, despite the predominance of polysubstance use and common co-occurrence of different substance use disorders (SUDs), previous PBS research has been limited in terms of substance-specific measurement. This study sought to develop and validate a measure of PBS that is not substance-specific.

Use of medicines to alleviate negative emotional states among adolescents attending Special Education Centres.

Introduction: Substantial research evidence indicates that adolescents commonly use a variety of pharmaceuticals. Studies in this area carried out so far in Poland have focused on youth attending mainstream schools. However, there is a lack of research covering adolescents residing in special education centres (SEC).

Risk and protective factors associated with internalizing and externalizing mental health problems among 13-15-year-old youth.

Objectives: The main aim of the research was to identify factors associated with the occurrence of mental health problems in adolescents.

Methods: The study group consisted of elementary and junior high school students from Ilawa aged 13-15 years (N=574). The self-administered, anonymous questionnaire had been completed during school lessons.

Long-term clinical evidence of comparable efficacy and toxicity of nivolumab and pembrolizumab in advanced melanoma treatment.

Pembrolizumab and nivolumab (anty-PD-1 antibody) are commonly used for the treatment of melanoma patients. However, their efficacy and safety have never been directly compared, leaving little guidance for clinicians to select the best therapy. The study included patients with inoperable or metastatic melanoma treated in first line with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy (nivolumab or pembrolizumab).

Long Term Results and Prognostic Biomarkers for Anti-PD1 Immunotherapy Used after BRAFi/MEKi Combination in Advanced Cutaneous Melanoma Patients.

(1) Background: BRAFi/MEKi are usually offered as a first line treatment for patients requiring rapid response; with elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, large tumor burden, and with brain metastases. The efficacy of second line therapies after BRAFi/MEKI failure is now well defined. (2) Methods: Patients treated with first line target BRAFi/MEKi therapy (vemurafenib plus cobimetinib, dabrafenib plus trametinib or encorafenib plus binimetinib); and for the second line treatment immunotherapy with programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) checkpoint inhibitors (nivolumab or pembrolizumab) with at least one cycle of second line were analyzed for survival and prognostic biomarkers.

Long-Term Outcomes of Targeted Therapy after First-Line Immunotherapy in BRAF-Mutated Advanced Cutaneous Melanoma Patients-Real-World Evidence.

Background: Currently, limited data on targeted therapy and immunotherapy sequencing in patients with -mutant melanoma is available. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy are expected to be comparable in terms of overall survival (OS) when used as second-line therapies; therefore, understanding the characteristics of patients who completed sequential treatment is needed.

Methods: The primary objective of this study was to analyze the efficacy of BRAFi/MEKi activity as second-line therapy in patients with advanced melanoma.

Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Targeted Therapy for Borderline Resectable III B-D or IV Stage BRAF Mutation-Positive Melanoma.

Neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced disease or potentially resectable metastatic melanoma is expected to improve operability and clinical outcomes over upfront surgery and adjuvant treatment as it is for sarcoma, breast, rectal, esophageal, or gastric cancers. Patients with locoregional recurrence after initial surgery and those with advanced regional lymphatic metastases are at a high risk of relapse and melanoma-related death. There is an unmet clinical need to improve the outcomes for such patients.

"It'll Never Be Safe, But You Can Limit the Harms". Exploring Adolescents' Strategies to Reduce Harms Associated with Psychoactive Substance Use.

: Harm reduction strategies are behaviors that may be applied in order to reduce adverse consequences associated with psychoactive substance use. Adolescents who use substances make up a large population that may benefit from applying such strategies. However, previous research in this area has focused on adults.

Mental health of Warsaw middle school students. Mokotow Study 2004-2016.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of mental health problems in subpopulation of Warsaw adolescents and to identify trends in 2004-2016.

Methods: The cross-sectional study, conducted every four years, covered the third grade Warsaw middle school students from three Warsaw districts: Mokotów, Ursynów and Wilanów. Sample was randomly selected with the adjustment for cluster selection.

Drinking and alcohol-related problems among at-risk adolescents: The role of protective behavioral strategies.

Introduction: Protective Behavioral Strategies (PBS) are an alcohol-specific cognitive-behavioral strategies that may be employed before, during and/or after drinking, in order to reduce alcohol consumption and related consequences, particularly in the at-risk populations. Previous research on PBS was limited to North American college students. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of PBS use in a sample of Polish adolescents attending Special Educational Centers (SEC).

Alcohol and Cigarette Use Among Warsaw Adolescents: Factors Associated With Risk and Resilience.

Background: Youth in Poland are at notable risk for substance use. Guided by resiliency theory, we examine if developmental risk and promotive factors are associated with substance abuse risk.

Objectives: We examined the association between adolescent cigarette and alcohol use and related risk and promotive factors including maternal support, neighbors' informal social control, friends' acceptance of substance use, and alcohol and cigarette use by nonparental adults.

Inadequate Models of Adolescent Substance Use Prevention: Looking for Options to Promote Pro-Social Change and Engagement.

In the adolescent substance use prevention two competing models can be found: negative and positive. The negative model is entirely focused on risks and problems that young people should avoid. The positive model goes beyond that problem-oriented perspective and calls for positive youth growth and development.

International note: prevailing with extracurricular activities in an alcohol-dominated environment: sex differences in resilience among middle school youth.

Extracurricular involvement creates an outlet for adolescents to gain skills and resources that assist them in overcoming certain risks. Resiliency theory is applied to study the promotive effects of extracurricular activity involvement as this may help Polish youth overcome risks for alcohol use. Our data include 2903, 13 and 14 year old Polish adolescents.

[Theory of resilience. Key conceptual constructs and chosen issues].

The aim of this article is to familiarize readers with key conceptual constructs related to resilience theory. This theory explains the phenomenon of children's and adolescents' positive adaptation despite various adverse life conditions and traumatic events. The resilience theory emphasizes the importance (relevance) of positive factors and mechanisms for child and adolescent development.

The effects of cumulative risks and promotive factors on urban adolescent alcohol and other drug use: a longitudinal study of resiliency.

Resiliency theory provides a conceptual framework for studying why some youth exposed to risk factors do not develop the negative behaviors they predict. The purpose of this study was to test compensatory and protective models of resiliency in a longitudinal sample of urban adolescents (80% African American). The data were from Years 1 (9th grade) and 4 (12th grade).

[Trends in cigarette smoking among Warsaw teenagers: the Mokotów study 1984-2000].

Unlabelled: Since mid 1980s self-report anonymous surveys were repeated in all types of secondary schools in Mokotów - the biggest district of Warsaw. The study was aimed at trends and patterns in teenagers' substance use including cigarette smoking. Between 1984-2000 there were five surveys utilizing the same procedure and instruments and targeted at 15 years old students.