Analysis of changes in the occurrence of ice phenomena in upland and mountain rivers of Poland.

The ice phenomena are an inherent component of rivers in temperate, continental, and polar climate zones. Evident progress in global warming leads to a decrease in snow cover on land and ice phenomena in water bodies, disrupting the stability of the hydrological cycle and aquatic ecosystems. Although common observations indicate the disappearance of ice phenomena in rivers over recent decades, detailed quantitative research is lacking in many regions, especially in the temperate zone.

Electrical resistivity imaging data for hydrogeological and geological investigations of Szuszalewo peatland (North-East Poland).

This publication contains data on geophysical measurements taken in the Szuszalewo wetlands located in northern Poland. The measurements were made using the electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) method. The ERI data was collected during two survey expeditions - March 30th, 31st (two ERI profiles), April 1st (one ERI profile), and May 12th (two prospection lines) 2023.

Accuracy and Repeatability of ChatGPT Based on a Set of Multiple-Choice Questions on Objective Tests of Hearing.

Introduction: ChatGPT has been tested in many disciplines, but only a few have involved hearing diagnosis and none to physiology or audiology more generally. The consistency of the chatbot's responses to the same question posed multiple times has not been well investigated either. This study aimed to assess the accuracy and repeatability of ChatGPT 3.

ChatGPT for Tinnitus Information and Support: Response Accuracy and Retest after Three and Six Months.

Testing of ChatGPT has recently been performed over a diverse range of topics. However, most of these assessments have been based on broad domains of knowledge. Here, we test ChatGPT's knowledge of tinnitus, an important but specialized aspect of audiology and otolaryngology.

Comparison of the Audiological Knowledge of Three Chatbots: ChatGPT, Bing Chat, and Bard.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate three chatbots - OpenAI ChatGPT, Microsoft Bing Chat (currently Copilot), and Google Bard (currently Gemini) - in terms of their responses to a defined set of audiological questions.

Methods: Each chatbot was presented with the same 10 questions. The authors rated the responses on a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5.

Magnitude of medial olivocochlear reflex assayed by tone-burst-evoked otoacoustic emissions: reliability and comparison with click-evoked emissions.

Objective: The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the magnitude of the medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR) estimated by the reduction in tone-burst evoked otoacoustic emissions (TBOAEs) measured at three levels and at three frequencies in response to fixed contralateral white noise. Results were compared with commonly used click-evoked otoacoustic emissions (CEOAEs).

Design: TBOAEs and CEOAEs, with and without contralateral 60 dB SPL white noise, were measured in response to stimulation at 55, 65, and 75 dB peSPL.

Medial olivocochlear reflex reliability: The effects of averaging and presence of synchronized spontaneous otoacoustic emissions.

The medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR), usually assessed by the inhibition of transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) with contralateral noise, is a very small effect. In understanding the origin of the MOCR, it is crucial to obtain data of the highest accuracy, i.e.

Ultra-High Frequency Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions for Detection of Hearing Loss and Tinnitus.

Several studies have suggested that distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) may be an early marker not only of hearing loss (HL) but also of tinnitus. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether DPOAEs measured up to 16 kHz are affected by the presence of tinnitus. Pure tone thresholds and DPOAEs were measured in two groups: 55 patients with tinnitus and 63 subjects without tinnitus.

The Reliability of Contralateral Suppression of Otoacoustic Emissions Is Greater in Women than in Men.

The aim of this study was to compare the reliability of the medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR) between men and women. The strength of the MOCR was measured in terms of the suppression of transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) by contralateral acoustic stimulation (CAS). The difference between TEOAEs with and without CAS (white noise) was calculated as raw decibel TEOAE suppression as well as normalized TEOAE suppression expressed in percent.

Comparison of tympanometry results for probe tones of 226 Hz and 1000 Hz in newborns.

Introduction: Impedance audiometry is a routine test for diagnosing hearing disorders in children. Typically, tympanometry uses a 220 or 226 Hz probe tone. However, using a 1000 Hz test tone is becoming increasingly popular, particularly in newborns, since it enables one to assess individual components of the ear's admittance.

TBC1D24 emerges as an important contributor to progressive postlingual dominant hearing loss.

Several TBC1D24 variants are causally involved in the development of profound, prelingual hearing loss (HL) and different epilepsy syndromes inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Only two TBC1D24 pathogenic variants have been linked with postlingual progressive autosomal dominant HL (ADHL). To determine the role of TBC1D24 in the development of ADHL and to characterize the TBC1D24-related ADHL, clinical exome sequencing or targeted multigene (n = 237) panel were performed for probands (n = 102) from multigenerational ADHL families.

Assessment of the Hearing Status of School-Age Children from Rural and Urban Areas of Mid-Eastern Poland.

(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of hearing loss in school-age children from rural and urban areas of mid-eastern Poland using standard audiological tests-pure tone audiometry (PTA), impedance audiometry (IA), and otoacoustic emissions (OAEs). (2) Methods: Data were collected from a group of 250 children aged 8 to 13, made up of 122 children from urban areas and 128 children from rural areas of mid-eastern Poland. Hearing was assessed in each of the subjects by means of PTA, IA (tympanometry), and transient-evoked OAEs (TEOAEs).

Does the Presence of Spontaneous Components Affect the Reliability of Contralateral Suppression of Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions?

Objectives: The function of the medial olivocochlear system can be evaluated by measuring the suppression of otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) by contralateral stimulation. One of the obstacles preventing the clinical use of the OAE suppression is that it has considerable variability across subjects. One feature that tends to differentiate subjects is the presence or absence of spontaneous OAEs (SOAEs).

The impact of climate change on flow conditions and wetland ecosystems in the Lower Biebrza River (Poland).

Water plays a key role in the functioning of wetlands and a shortage or contamination of it leads to changes in habitat conditions and degradation of ecosystems. This article scrutinizes the impact of climate change on the hydrological characteristics of floods (maximum flow, duration, volume) in the River Biebrza wetlands (North-East Poland). We analysed the trends in duration and volume of flood and maximum discharges in the historical period 1970-2000 and predicted these for the future periods 2020-2050 and 2070-2100, respectively.

Measurement of Wideband Absorbance as a Test for Otosclerosis.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of wideband energy absorbance in diagnosing otosclerosis by comparing the differences in acoustic absorbance between otosclerotic and normal ears. Exactly 90 surgically confirmed otosclerotic ears were included in the test group. The control group consisted of 126 matched normal-hearing subjects.

Otoacoustic emissions from ears with spontaneous activity behave differently to those without: Stronger responses to tone bursts as well as to clicks.

It has been reported that both click-evoked otoacoustic emissions (CEOAEs) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) have higher amplitudes in ears that possess spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAEs). The general aim of the present study was to investigate whether the presence of spontaneous activity in the cochlea affected tone-burst evoked otoacoustic emissions (TBOAEs). As a benchmark, the study also measured growth functions of CEOAEs.

Tonotopic organisation of the auditory cortex in sloping sensorineural hearing loss.

Although the tonotopic organisation of the human primary auditory cortex (PAC) has already been studied, the question how its responses are affected in sensorineural hearing loss remains open. Twenty six patients (aged 38.1 ± 9.

Novel neuro-audiological findings and further evidence for TWNK involvement in Perrault syndrome.

Background: Hearing loss and ovarian dysfunction are key features of Perrault syndrome (PRLTS) but the clinical and pathophysiological features of hearing impairment in PRLTS individuals have not been addressed. Mutations in one of five different genes HSD17B4, HARS2, LARS2, CLPP or TWNK (previous symbol C10orf2) cause the autosomal recessive disorder but they are found only in about half of the patients.

Methods: We report on two siblings with a clinical picture resembling a severe, neurological type of PRLTS.

Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions in schoolchildren.

Objective: Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAEs) are one of the least studied types of otoacoustic emissions (OAEs). The purpose of this study was twofold: first, to determine the prevalence of SOAEs in schoolchildren, and second to test whether there was dependence between the presence or absence of SOAEs in a subject and the corresponding level of their transiently evoked OAEs (TEOAEs).

Methods: Measurements were made on a group of normally hearing children of age 7-13 years.

Generalized Exponential Distribution in Flood Frequency Analysis for Polish Rivers.

Many distributions have been used in flood frequency analysis (FFA) for fitting the flood extremes data. However, as shown in the paper, the scatter of Polish data plotted on the moment ratio diagram shows that there is still room for a new model. In the paper, we study the usefulness of the generalized exponential (GE) distribution in flood frequency analysis for Polish Rivers.

Comparison of 3 ABR Methods for Diagnosis of Retrocochlear Hearing Impairment.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of methods for screening for retrocochlear pathologies based on auditory evoked brainstem responses (ABRs). The study compared the sensitivity, specificity, and effectiveness of these 3 techniques. MATERIAL AND METHODS The methods were: (i) standard ABR utilizing click-evoked responses, (ii) stacked ABR based on derived-band responses, and (iii) ABRs evoked by tone-pips (ABR TP).

Otoacoustic Emissions in Smoking and Nonsmoking Young Adults.

Objectives: The present study investigates the usefulness of transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) and distortion product OAEs (DPOAEs) in detecting small changes in the hearing of young smoking adults.

Methods: Otoacoustic emissions were acquired from the ears of 48 young adults (age, 20 to 27 years). The dataset was divided into two groups, smoking (24 persons/48 ears) and nonsmoking (24 persons/48 ears).

Otoacoustic emissions in newborns evoked by 0.5kHz tone bursts.

Background: Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are currently widely used in newborn hearing screening programs. OAEs evoked by transients (TEOAEs) in newborns are usually characterized by large response levels at higher frequencies but lower frequencies are affected by physiological noise. The purpose of the present study was to acquire responses at lower frequencies by measuring OAEs evoked by 0.

Central auditory processing disorder (CAPD) tests in a school-age hearing screening programme - analysis of 76,429 children.

Introduction And Objective: Hearing disorders among school-age children are a current concern. Continuing studies have been performed in Poland since 2008, and on 2 December 2011 the EU Council adopted Conclusions on the Early Detection and Treatment of Communication Disorders in Children, Including the Use of e-Health Tools and innovative Solutions. The discussion now focuses not only on the efficacy of hearing screening programmes in schoolchildren, but what should be its general aim and what tests it should include? This paper makes the case that it is important to include central auditory processing disorder (CAPD) tests.

Repeatability of transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions in young adults.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the repeatability and variability of TEOAE characteristics in hearing screening tests performed under practical conditions on normal subjects.

Material/methods: A group of 11 young, normal-hearing subjects aged 19-24 years was tested. They were examined otologically and audiologically prior to the tests and no ear pathologies were found.