Characterization of atmospheric PM sources at a Central European urban background site.

For the purposes of this work, a first in Poland, full-year collection of daily PM (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5 μm) samples was chemically analyzed to determine the contents of elemental and organic carbon, water-soluble inorganic ions and 21 minor and trace elements in PM in an urban background site in Warsaw. Annual mean PM concentration reached 18.

Indoor air quality in urban and rural kindergartens: short-term studies in Silesia, Poland.

More than 80% of people living in urban areas who monitor air pollution are exposed to air quality levels that exceed limits defined by the World Health Organization (WHO). Although all regions of the world are affected, populations in low-income cities are the most impacted. According to average annual levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons bound to outdoor and indoor airborne particles (PM2.5) and their mutagenicity and carcinogenicity in Silesian kindergartens, Poland.

Assessment of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is important due to the widespread presence of PAHs in the environment and their toxicological relevance, especially to susceptible populations such as children and their health. The aim of this study is to compare indoor and outdoor concentrations of particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.

Origin-Oriented Elemental Profile of Fine Ambient Particulate Matter in Central European Suburban Conditions.

Twenty-four-hour samples of fine ambient particulate matter (PM2.5; particles with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 µm) were collected in a suburban (quasi-rural) area in Racibórz (Poland) between 1 January 2011 and 26 December 2012.

Spatial and seasonal variability of the mass concentration and chemical composition of PM in Poland.

The seasonal changes in ambient mass concentrations and chemical composition of fine particulate matter (PM) were investigated in three locations in Poland. The analyses included PM-bound hazardous benzo()pyrene (BaP), As, Ni, Cd, and Pb. The samples of PM were collected daily in Katowice (southern Poland, urban background site), Gdańsk, and Diabla Góra (northern Poland, urban and regional background sites, respectively) during 1-year-long campaign in 2010.

Number size distribution of ambient particles in a typical urban site: the first Polish assessment based on long-term (9 months) measurements.

This work presents results from the long-term measurements of particle number carried out at an urban background station in Zabrze, Poland. Ambient particles with aerodynamic diameters of between 28 nm and 10 μ m were investigated by means of a DEKATI thirteen-stage electrical low pressure impactor (ELPI). The particle number-size distribution was bimodal, whilst its density function had the local maxima in the aerodynamic diameter intervals 0.

Concentration, origin and health hazard from fine particle-bound PAH at three characteristic sites in Southern Poland.

Suspended particles with the aerodynamic diameters not greater than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and 1 μm (PM1, sub-fraction of PM2.

Submicrometer aerosol in rural and urban backgrounds in southern Poland: primary and secondary components of PM1.

Diurnal samples of PM(1) (submicrometer particles, having aerodynamic diameters not greater than 1 μm) were collected at an urban background site in Zabrze (from 01.08. to 31.

A study on the seasonal mass closure of ambient fine and coarse dusts in Zabrze, Poland.

Diurnal samples of PM(2.5) and PM(2.5-10) were taken in an urban background area in Zabrze (Upper Silesia in southern Poland) in the winter (January-March) and summer (July-September) of 2009.

Mass size distribution and chemical composition of the surface layer of summer and winter airborne particles in Zabrze, Poland.

Mass size distributions of ambient aerosol were measured in Zabrze, a heavily industrialized city of Poland, during a summer and a winter season. The chemical analyses of the surface layer of PM(10), PM(2.5) and PM(1) in this area were also performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).