Humeral rotation osteotomy is not associated with glenohumeral and scapulohumeral decentering at long-term follow-up.

Background: Weber rotational osteotomy that increases humeral retrotorsion in patients with anterior shoulder instability has become unpopular because of recurrence of instability and high rates of early-onset osteoarthritis (OA). However, the wear pattern in patients after rotational osteotomy remains unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of surgically increased humerus retrotorsion on glenohumeral and scapulohumeral centering in a long-term follow-up.

Arthroscopic Remnant Preserving 3-Portal Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Reverse Passage of the Graft.

The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is the largest and strongest ligament of the knee, with a tremendous role as the primary posterior stabilizer of the knee. Surgical management of PCL injuries is very demanding, due to the fact that the PCL tear usually is a part of multiligamentous knee injury. Moreover, PCL anatomy, especially its course and attachment points to femur and tibia, makes reconstruction of the PCL technically challenging.

Knee Osteochondral Defect Reconstruction With Autologous Bone Grafting and Mesenchymal Cell Transplantation.

Osteochondral defects of the knee are common in orthopaedic patients. They are challenging to treat, especially in young, highly demanding patients who do not qualify for arthroplasty. Among the many possibilities to treat osteochondral lesions presented so far, none is ideal.

Arthroscopy-Assisted Management of Schatzker Type III Lateral Tibial Plateau Fracture With Interference Screw Fixation.

Tibial plateau fractures occur in both old and young patients and may be caused by low-energy trauma, as well as high-energy trauma. Owing to the variety of injury mechanisms and fracture patterns, tibial plateau fractures are very challenging to treat. One of the most demanding fractures is the type III fracture according to the Schatzker classification, which is a pure depression of the lateral tibial plateau.

Quadriceps Tendon-Bone Full-Thickness Autograft: Reproducible and Easy Harvesting Technique Using Simple Surgical Tools.

Autogenous quadriceps tendon-bone graft is a great choice for knee reconstruction procedures, including primary and revision reconstructions of both anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament. In primary ACL reconstruction, one of the most frequently performed procedures in orthopaedic surgery, it is gaining more and more popularity owing to improved or similar biomechanical, anatomic, and histological properties than bone-patellar tendon-bone graft. The clinical outcomes of quadriceps tendon-bone graft in ACL reconstruction are similar to bone-patellar tendon-bone graft, however, lowering the inconvenience associated with donor-site morbidity and making it possible to adjust graft length and diameter.

Synovialization and Revascularization Enhancement in Repaired and Reconstructed ACL: PCL Fat Pad Transfer Technique.

The rapid development of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and repair techniques has significantly improved the outcomes of these procedures. However, there is still some place for how to improve surgical techniques to limit the amount of revision surgeries. Over the past decade, biological solutions and methods of ligament remodeling enhancement have been proposed.

External Snapping Hip Syndrome Endoscopic Treatment: "Fan-like" Technique as a Stepwise, Tailor-made Solution.

Classically, external snapping hip syndrome (ESHS) is considered to be caused by friction of a tight iliotibial band (ITB) over the greater trochanter (GT), which leads to pain, inflammation, and palpable or audible snapping. Surgical treatment remains a gold standard in patients resistant to conservative measures. Many surgical procedures addressing ESHS exist in the literature, but the vast majority of them involve only plasties of the ITB.

You Can Repair More Tears Than You Think-Tricks for All-Inside Lateral Meniscal Repair With Nonabsorbable Sutures.

Since the role of the menisci has been better understood, there is a trend toward the meniscal repair rather than meniscectomy in the management of meniscal tears. Although numerous techniques of meniscal repair have been described and many authors advocate for and against each of them, no single method is universally accepted. The all-inside repair provides several advantages, such as a lower risk of neurovascular injury, the early introduction of exercises in passive range of motion, or the high strength of the repair.

Technique for Treatment of Subchondral Compression Fracture of the Lateral Femoral Condyle Associated With ACL Tear.

Excessive knee pivoting that causes a complete anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear may result in a subchondral compression fracture on the lateral femoral condyle after impacting the lateral tibial condyle. Because this mechanism is similar to the humeral head that has an impact on the glenoid during an anterior shoulder dislocation, such an osteochondral fracture can be considered equivalent to a "Hill-Sachs lesion of the knee." Restoring the native anatomy of the lateral femoral condyle articular surface is crucial, because its depression alters knee biomechanics, leading to bony knee instability, potentially greatly elevating the risk of ACL reconstruction failure and meniscal tears.

Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee: what do we know so far? A literature review.

Purpose: Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SONK) is said to be a relatively common disease which may lead to an end-stage osteoarthritis of the knee. The aim of this paper was to review the literature on this field published until now, discuss the results of both conservative and surgical treatment options, as well as to introduce new methods of treatment, which may be applicable in SONK treatment.

Methods: We searched the PubMed and Cochrane databases until November 2019 and presented the most recent findings in this work.

Arthroscopic Anatomic Anterior Talofibular Ligament Repair for Anterolateral Ankle Instability.

Ankle instability is due to repetitive inversion injuries and is usually treated conservatively; however, after repeated sprains, chronic instability occurs and usually requires a surgical procedure. Recently, arthroscopic repair of a torn anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) has become more popular owing to its minimal invasiveness and high efficacy. An all-inside technique allows for anatomic restoration of the injured ATFL, provides stability to the ankle joint, prevents a limitation of ankle range of motion, and may prevent arthritic development.

All-Arthroscopic Posterior Cruciate Ligament Distal Reattachment With Extracortical Fixation.

Avulsion fractures of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) are a rare, but serious, knee pathology. Early surgical treatment is regarded as necessary to maintain knee stability. Recommended management involves open reduction with internal fixation through a posterior approach.

Superficial Medial Collateral Ligament Reattachment During High Tibial Osteotomy: Regulate Tension, Preserve Stability!

High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a commonly performed surgical procedure. Although it is well-known that the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) should be released during HTO, there is still no agreement on performing its reattachment. Considering the function of the sMCL, after its release during HTO, increased medial joint instability may be expected.

Medial Collateral Ligament Reconstruction With Anteromedial Reinforcement for Medial and Anteromedial Rotatory Instability of the Knee.

Even though structures of the medial side of the knee have a high potential to heal without surgery, in some circumstances injuries of this region may lead to development of chronic medial and anteromedial rotatory instability (AMRI). In those circumstances, surgery should be performed. Current-day surgical techniques are focused on recreating the function of the main stabilizers of the medial side of the knee, which are the medial collateral ligament and the posterior oblique ligament, but they omit the role of the anteromedial capsule.

All-Arthroscopic Treatment of Schatzker Type III Lateral Tibial Plateau Fracture Without Fluoroscopy.

Tibial plateau fracture treatment remains challenging for orthopaedic surgeons around the world, especially in case of type III fractures according to the Schatzker classification, which are a pure depression of the lateral tibial plateau. Whereas open surgical procedures are associated with increased soft-tissue trauma because of the extent of the surgical approach and do not always allow for proper visualization of the fracture site, arthroscopic-assisted surgeries have been proven to have benefits over the former in terms of minimizing soft-tissue trauma, improved visual control of the fracture reduction, and the time of recovery. Most arthroscopic techniques, however, require using fluoroscopy.

Possible Approaches to Endoscopic Treatment of Popliteal Cysts: From the Basics to Troublesome Cases.

Popliteal cysts can be an oppressive symptom in patients with concomitant intra-articular knee pathologies. Because isolated treatment of intra-articular lesions is usually not sufficient to resolve the problems associated with a large symptomatic popliteal cyst, a popliteal cyst should be concurrently addressed with other knee pathologies to maximize patient outcomes. Conservative treatment and open surgical excision are associated with high rates of recurrence, so arthroscopic techniques are the preferred treatment options for recalcitrant cases.

Minimally Invasive, Arthroscopic-Assisted, Anatomic Posterolateral Corner Reconstruction.

As the anatomy and biomechanics of the posterolateral corner (PLC) of the knee have become better understood, the importance of the PLC's proper function has become a more frequently raised subject. Misdiagnosed chronic posterolateral instability may lead to serious consequences, including cruciate ligament reconstruction graft failure. It has been proved that high-grade PLC injuries need to be treated operatively.

The structural, phonon and optical properties of [CHNH]MCrAl(HCOO) (M = Na, K; x = 0, 0.025, 0.5) metal-organic framework perovskites for luminescence thermometry.

We report the structural, phonon and luminescence studies of six heterometallic perovskite-type metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) templated by methylammonium cations (CHNH and MeA) with the following formulae: [MeA]NaCr(HCOO) (MeANaCr), [MeA]KCr(HCOO) (MeAKCr), [MeA]NaAl(HCOO) (MeANaAl), [MeA]KAl(HCOO) (MeAKAl), [MeA]NaCrAl(HCOO) (MeANaAlCr, 5 mol% of Cr ions) and [MeA]KCrAl(HCOO) (MeAKAlCr, 5 mol% of Cr ions). All of them crystallise in a monoclinic system (P2/n space group) with one MeA cation in an asymmetric unit forming four medium-strength hydrogen bonds (HBs) with a metal-formate framework. The DSC measurements and XRD single-crystal studies show that the studied crystals do not undergo structural phase transitions in the 100-440 K range.

Tips and Pearls for All-Inside Medial Meniscus Repair.

The medial meniscus is one of the most commonly injured structures in the knee. When the importance of its proper function is well understood, an adequate management in meniscus tear is a key issue for whole knee joint well-being. Although it has been proven that meniscal repairs have better long-term results than meniscectomy, there is still no consensus as to which suturing technique is the best.

Arthroscopic Complete Posterior Capsulotomy for Knee Flexion Contracture.

Knee flexion contracture is a clinically important complication that can be observed after trauma, after knee surgery, or as a result of osteoarthritis. When it is left untreated, knee shearing forces increase not only in the affected joint but also in the contralateral knee, leading to mechanical overload in both limbs. Conservative management is a first-line treatment option for extension deficits, but when it fails, surgical treatment is necessary.

Arthroscopic Posterolateral Corner Stabilization With Popliteus Tenodesis.

The injuries of the posterolateral corner (PLC) of the knee often remain misdiagnosed. Because most structures in this anatomical region have low potential to heal, the posterolateral rotational instability results in a deterioration in patient quality of life, impaired biomechanics of the knee, and increased tension on other ligaments and the meniscus. Many open and a few arthroscopic techniques have been developed to repair or reconstruct the damaged structures of the PLC.

Long Head Biceps Tendon-Natural Patch for Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears.

Despite the development in shoulder surgery, massive irreparable rotator cuff tears still remain challenging for orthopaedic surgeons. Many surgical methods are addressed to this kind of pathology, but each of them has its own limitations. We decided to fuse the ideas of superior capsular reconstruction, "GraftJacket" technique, and partial rotator cuff repair.

Raman and IR studies of pressure- and temperature-induced phase transitions in [(CH2)3NH2][Zn(HCOO)3].

Temperature- and pressure-dependent studies of Raman and IR spectra have been performed on azetidinium zinc formate, [(CH2)3NH2][Zn(HCOO)3]. Vibrational spectra showed distinct anomalies in mode frequencies and bandwidths near 250 and 300 K, which were attributed to structural phase transitions associated with the gradual freezing of ring-puckering motions of the azetidinium cation. Pressure-dependent studies revealed a pressure-induced transition near 0.