Marcus Gunn Jaw-Winking Phenomenon: management and results of treatment in 19 patients.

From 1980-1995, 19 patients displaying the Marcus Gunn Phenomenon (MGP) were treated in the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland. Sixteen patients were operated on according to the Neuhaus method, in one case bilaterally. In three patients, the upper eyelid, after partial transsection of the levator muscle, was suspended from the frontal muscle on autogenous temporal fascia strips.

[Changes observed in electrophysiological investigations in amblyopia and strabismus].

Purpose: The aim of the investigations was to state whether strabismic amblyopia and aniseiconia can be connected with disturbance of visual evoked potentials (VEP).

Material And Methods: VEP investigations in 28 children with amblyopia, aged from 4 to 12 years and in 16 healthy persons were performed. Analysis of amplitude and latency of the positive wave P1 and negative wave N2 in the healthy eye and in the amblyopic eye was done.

[Results of investigations of visual evoked potentials in the treatment of amblyopia].

Purpose: The aim of the study is to demonstrate the changes in visual evoked potentials (VEP) in treatment of amblyopia.

Material And Methods: Pattern reversal VEP of 28 children treated because of amblyopia and 16 healthy persons were analysed. Before treatment and after treatment the results of the interocular amplitude difference ratio and interocular latency difference ratio were compared with standards.

[Selected problems with ocular accommodation in children and youth].

This paper intends to present some accommodative disturbances which cause difficulties in reading and should be differentiated from dyslexia. The work describes the way of evaluation of accommodative convergence to accommodation rate (AC/A ratio). Clinical forms of two types of nonrefractive accommodative convergence excess connected with high AC/A ratio, namely hyperkinetic and hypoaccommodative, are presented.

[Principles and results of treatment in acquired paralysis of III, IV and VI nerves].

Between 1979-1994 120 patients with acquired paralysis of cranial nerves of ocular muscles were treated: 33 cases with paralysis of oculomotor nerve, 43 cases with paralysis of trochlear nerve, 44 cases with paralysis of abducens nerve. The majority of our patients were males (84-70.0%) aged 21-40 years (65-54.

[Congenital syndromes of oculomotor disturbances--diagnosis and results of surgical treatment].

During the period of 30 years (1964-1994), 363 children with different congenital syndromes of oculomotor disturbances were treated: 300 with Duane's retraction syndrome, 29 with Moebius syndrome, 34 with the superior oblique tendon sheath syndrome of Brown. Symptoms of these syndromes are presented. The choice of appropriate therapy of oculomotor disturbances are described.

[Surgical treatment of congenital nystagmus in 463 children].

The authors presented several types of surgical treatment of congenital nystagmus and results. The treatment of congenital nystagmus included 463 children. The patients were divided into three groups depending upon the type of nystagmus blocking movements.

[Indications and methods of surgical treatment in congenital nystagmus].

The authors present methods of operation performed in different types of congenital nystagmus in which the amplitude and frequency of nystagmus vary in different positions of gaze. In many cases, a "neutral zone" exists in which the nystagmus is less pronounced or may even be absent. If the "neutral zone" is in the primary position of gaze, then the head position may be normal.

[Diagnosis and results of treatment of blow-out fracture of the orbital floor].

In the last 20 years, 273 patients with blow-out fracture of the orbital floor were treated. Surgery was performed in 242 of them (88.6%).

[Evaluation of visual acuity of small children with preferential looking methods].

With preferential looking (PL) techniques, especially the Acuity Card Procedure (Teller Acuity Cards), the visual acuity in small children can be determined. PL-testing was used in 294 children in the Strabismus and Amblyopia Department of the Ophthamology Hospital in Kraków. These children had been directed from other ophthalmologic departments.

[Personal experience and the results of surgical treatment of blepharoptosis].

Unlabelled: The authors discuss the indications for the operation, the surgical technique and results obtained in 92 patients who have been operated for ptosis (109 operations) by the modified method of Berke and Neuhaus. From the experience of the authors it appears that the best approach is a subciliary one especially in congenital ptosis. The Neuhaus method showed to be successful in patients with ptosis connected with the "jaw-winking" Marcus-Gunn phenomenon; in these patients one obtained the elevation of the upper lid and liquidation of the synkinesis.

[Double-blind method of using solcoseryl ophthalmic gel and 2,4% cysteine in ophthalmic gel in patients with chronic recurrent keratitis and keratitis sicca].

A double blind study with Solcoseryl compounds in ophthalmic gel and with 2.4% cystein in ophthalmic gel was performed in the period 1985-1988; it was used in 18 cases: with chronic recurrent keratitis (11 patients) and sicca keratitis (7 patients). Observed was the influence of these compounds on the epithelialization of the cornea, on the improvement of corneal transparency, the diminutation of the troubles connected with dessication of the eye in sicca keratitis.

[Indications for and the methods of surgical treatment of oblique strabismus].

The authors present a group of 3500 patients treated surgically in the years 1961-1986 for disturbances of function of the oblique muscles. Two forms of these disturbances are discussed. The first one--acquired paresis of the trochlearis muscle, most frequently a sequelae of injury, the second one--congenital disturbances of action of the superior oblique, with hyperfunction of the inferior oblique, determined as "strabismus sursoadductorius".

[Compensatory head positioning as a result of ocular changes or torticollis of muscular origin in children].

Presented are the causes and clinical picture of the compensatory positioning of the head arising in the consequence of ocular changes and changes in the muscles of the neck. The material was divided into 3 groups: 1) with paresis of the ocular muscles (20 cases), 2) caused by nystagmus (20 cases) and 3) torticollis of muscular origin (20 cases). The basis of the differential diagnosis of compensatory positioning of the head of ocular origin and of torticollis of muscular origin as well as the criterion of a cooperation between the ophthalmologist and the orthopaedic surgeon are delineated.

Foreign bodies in the orbit. Review of 20 cases.

The interdisciplinary problem of foreign bodies in the orbit is presented on the basis of personal experience in the treatment of 20 patients. These foreign bodies often cause severe injuries to the organ of sight and even threaten life. Early removal of a foreign body is technically easy, prevents infection and facilitates anatomical reconstruction of the damaged structures.

Blow-out fracture of the orbit. Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations, and results in 90 patients treated.

On the basis of 90 patients with blow-out fracture of the orbit the authors present diagnostic methods, the treatment and follow-up results, mainly as regards visual function (diplopia) and aesthetics (enophthalmos). Surgery was performed in 77 cases, 6 patients were treated conservatively by eye muscle training, and 7 patients refused surgery. Surgery consisted in primary reconstruction of the orbit, exploration of the fracture site, freeing the entrapped soft tissues (periorbital tissues, eye muscles) and reconstruction of the defect with autogenous bone graft, followed by eye muscle surgery in cases of failure.