The relationship between diabetic retinopathy and psychosocial functioning: a systematic review.

Importance: Previous work has reported a link between diabetic retinopathy/diabetic macular edema (DR/DME) and psychosocial functioning, although the extent and direction of the association remains uncertain.

Objective: To determine the relationship between DR/DME and psychosocial functioning, the latter an umbrella term used to capture the emotional and social aspects of functioning which may include, for example, depression; depressive disorder; anxiety; vision-specific distress; diabetes-specific distress and emotional and social well-being.

Evidence Review: PubMed, Embase, Medline and the Cochrane Central register were systematically searched for relevant interventional and observational quantitative studies using standardised criteria.

Diet soft drink is associated with increased odds of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Importance: While consumption of soft drink may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, the relationship between soft drink consumption and diabetes complications is unknown.

Background: To explore the association between regular and diet soft drink consumption, and diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular oedema (DME).

Design: Clinical, cross-sectional study.