[Cerebrolysin in the preventive therapy of dementia in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment: a three-year prospective comparative study].

Objective: To study the efficacy and safety of long-term (3 years) course Cerebrolysin therapy in an open comparative study as a means potentially capable of slowing or preventing the transition of MCI into dementia, as well as to analyze the possibility of Cerebrolysin preventive effect predicting based on clinical and biological parameters.

Material And Methods: In total, 100 patients with aMCI were included in the study, randomly assigned to 2 groups: patients of group 1 (=50) received annual course therapy with Cerebrolysin for 3 years (20 intravenous infusions of Cerebrolysin 20 ml in 100 ml of saline solution for 4 weeks). Group 2 patients underwent annual clinical examination, but did not receive therapy.

[Immunological and neuroanatomic markers of the clinical dynamics of MCI and pre-MCI].

Objective: To study the relationship of the parameters of immunity and systemic inflammation with the structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and pre-MCI undergoing neurocognitive rehabilitation to search for candidate markers of its effectiveness.

Material And Methods: The main group included 49 patients, aged ≥60 years, with MCI and pre-MCI with memory impairment, who underwent a course of neurorehabilitation for 5 weeks. The control group included 19 volunteers of similar age with a total MoCA score of ≥25, who did not have cognitive impairment and immuno-inflammatory disorders.

Diagnosis of Schizophrenia Based on the Data of Various Modalities: Biomarkers and Machine Learning Techniques (Review).

Schizophrenia is a socially significant mental disorder resulting frequently in severe forms of disability. Diagnosis, choice of treatment tactics, and rehabilitation in clinical psychiatry are mainly based on the assessment of behavioral patterns, socio-demographic data, and other investigations such as clinical observations and neuropsychological testing including examination of patients by the psychiatrist, self-reports, and questionnaires. In many respects, these data are subjective and therefore a large number of works have appeared in recent years devoted to the search for objective characteristics (indices, biomarkers) of the processes going on in the human body and reflected in the behavioral and psychoneurological patterns of patients.

[Herpesvirus infections and immunological disturbances in patients with different stages of Alzheimer's disease].

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial disease that leads to a progressive memory loss, visualspatial impairments, emotional and personality changes. As its earliest pre-dementia clinical stage, amnestic mild cognitive impairment syndrome (aMCI) is currently considered. Neuroinflammation plays a role in the development and progression of aMCI and the initial stage of AD, which can be supported by immunological disorders of a systemic character.

Immunoinflammatory Profile in Patients with Episodic and Continuous Paranoid Schizophrenia.

Introduction: Associations of disturbances in innate and adaptive immunity during the clinical course of schizophrenia have been found in a number of studies. Yet, the relationship of immune parameters and systemic inflammation in relation to the clinical course of the disease and its prognosis, remains poorly understood, which highlights an interesting topic for further research. The goal of this study was to research the immuno-inflammatory changes in patients with clinical continuous and episodic paranoid schizophrenia, to assess the pathogenetic significance of these changes.

Neuro-Immune Aspects of Schizophrenia with Severe Negative Symptoms: New Diagnostic Markers of Disease Phenotype.

Unlabelled: was to analyze the immune-inflammatory profile of patients with paranoid schizophrenia and relate it to the severity of negative symptoms and the MRI data in order to identify biomarkers of schizophrenia severity, search for new approaches to therapy, and control its effectiveness.

Materials And Methods: The main group included 51 patients with paranoid schizophrenia, the control group - 30 healthy subjects. Patients underwent MRI scans and immunological studies, which included an assessment of natural and adaptive immunity, the systemic level of key pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and other markers of inflammation.

[The relationship between inflammation, cognitive disorders and neuroimaging data in schizophrenia].

Objective: To search for the relationship between the results of functional imaging, immunological parameters and laboratory markers of inflammation in schizophrenia, taking into account cognitive impairment in patients, and to consider the possibility of using a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of schizophrenia.

Material And Methods: The study included 25 patients with schizophrenia and 13 healthy volunteers. Psychiatric scales were administered to evaluate the patient's condition.

[Immunological variants of amnestic mild cognitive impairment].

Background: Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is considered as a possible earliest pre-dementia clinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Taking into account the prominent role of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of AD, it is quite important to study possible immunological markers of the risk of aMCI progression and the changes in immune parameters in patients.

Objective: To study the immunological variants of aMCI and AD based on the parameters of humoral and cell immunity, levels of key cytokines and presence of systemic inflammation, and to explore the link between changes in the immune parameters and clinical prognosis.

[Effectiveness of the DNA double-strand breaks repair system in lymphocytes of patients with cognitive impairments and healthy volunteers].

The individual differences in the efficiency of DNA DSB repair were estimated by the level of residual γH2AX foci after γ-irradiation at a dose of 2 Gy, in lymphocytes of patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (AMCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and of healthy volunteers. Lymphocytes were isolated from the peripheral blood of the examined patients and were frozen in a medium for freezing cells. Before the study, the lymphocytes were thawed, suspended in RPMI 1640 culture medium supplemented with 10% inactivated fetal bovine serum, and half of the cells were γ-irradiated at 4°C from a 60Co source on a GUT-200M facility at a dose of 2 Gy (a dose rate of 0.

[A role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia].

The review addresses immunological aspects of schizophrenia, a multifactor disease caused by genetic factors, innate disorders of the central nervous system (CNS), including the consequences of perinatal hypoxia and infections, and adverse environmental influences. Neuroinflammation as a part of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia is characterized by the higher transcription of CNS inflammatory mediators, excessive activation of microglia, inhibition of glutamatergic receptors that leads to the decrease in the number of cortical synapses and neuronal apoptosis. The authors discuss a role of genetic polymorphisms of cytokine genes, complement system components etc.

[Anti-inflammatory effects of neurotrophic therapy (a pilot study)].

Aim: To study clinical effects of cerebrolysin and its impact on systemic inflammation markers and immunity in mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Material And Methods: Twenty patients with MCI were treated with cerebrolysin administered intravenously during 4 weeks. Serum levels of immunoglobulins, inflammatory markers, neurotrophic factors were measured in dynamics in patients and controls using ELISA.

[Levels of proinflammatory cytokines and vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment].

Objective: to evaluate the levels of cytokines (IFNα, IFNγ, IL-2, Il-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-15), IL-1β receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its antagonist, the soluble form of receptor 1 (sVEGFR1) in the blood serum of patients with Alzheimer's disease, with early onset (ADEO) and late onset (ADLO), and in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Material And Methods: Levels of interleukins, IL-1RA, VEGF and sVEGFR1 were measured in 20 patients with AD and 11 patients with MCI using ELISA. These parameters were compared to the severity of cognitive impairment assessed by the performance on neurocognitive tests.