[Campylobacter in the etiology of acute intestinal infections in primates].

The subjects of the study were 1,249 primates of different species, kept in a nursery in the city of Adler. The subjects varied in age, were either clinically healthy, diseased, or dead (the death had been caused by an acute intestinal disease). Biological, molecular-genetic (PCR), and immunological (coagglutination reaction) methods were used in diagnostics of campilobacter infections.

Encephalomyocarditis in monkeys.

This paper presents the results of studies of a spontaneous viral infection in monkeys--encephalomyocarditis caused by encephalomyocarditis virus. The infection first detected in the Sukhumi Breeding Center in 1974 was observed in the Adler Breeding Center since 2001. The characteristics of the virus are described and principles of diagnostic by the results of pathologic studies are presented.

[Morphological changes in femoral vein wall structure in presence of persistent vertical reflux].

The article contains an analysis of different mechanisms of persistent chronic venous insufficiency formation and its impact on the condition of lower extremity magistral vein wall. The authors studied autopsy samples of femoral vein segments from 86 patients aged 56 to 64 years, who had died of non-cardiovascular diseases. The investigation revealed significant changes in the vein wall structure, associated with persistent overload caused by valvular insufficiency and continuous persistent vertical reflux.

[Infectious pathology of monkeys: a brief description, potential experimental research, safety for attendants at primate care facilities and laboratories].

Infectious diseases of monkeys, including the bacterial anthroponosous and zoogenous as well as viral infections, are described in the paper. A bulwark of research resulted from authors' independent long-term observations of monkey pathologies at Sukhumi and Adler primatological facilities. Pathologies are elucidated, which are better to be modeled in monkeys; there are also diseases that can be studied only in monkeys.

[A comparative description of amyloidosis in monkeys].

The paper contains the results of a postmortem study of 461 cases of amyloidosis in monkeys of 4 species (Papio hamadryas, Macaca mulatto, Macaca fascicularis and Macaca nemestrina) from the Sukhumi and Adler primatological facilities. Emergence of amyloidosis was found to be dependent on age; the frequency ratio at which separate organs are affected is presented; the specific disease signs are described for different monkey species. Generalized and isolated cases of amyloidosis are elucidated with the liver being the most vulnerable organ in macaques (64%) and the kidneys--in baboons (94%).

Amyloidosis in macaques in adler primatological center.

Results of pathomorphological studies of 133 amyloidosis cases in macaques of 3 species (M. mulatta, M. nemestrina, and M.

Experimental Mycoplasma infection in monkeys.

Experimental mycoplasma infection was studied in Papio hamadryas, Macaca mulatta, and Macaca nemestrina infected with Mycoplasma (M. pneumoniae and M. hominis) and Ureaplasma (U.

Spontaneous simian mycoplasma infection.

We present our many-year studies of spontaneous Mycoplasma infection in monkeys. Mycoplasma flora of healthy, acclimatized, and sick monkeys of different species is characterized. S ome characteristics (including pathogenic properties) of new Acholeplasma isolated from monkeys are described.

[Secondary infection with hepatitis A in Rhesus monkeys after experimental inoculation].

Time course of specific humoral immunity is studied in 186 Macaca mulatta spontaneously infected with hepatitis A virus (HAV). Immunity parameters are characterized quantitatively and qualitatively and their similarity to those in human hepatitis A (HA) is demonstrated. Repeated HA was reproduced in 12 seropositive Macaca mulatta infected with HAV-MR in high doses.

[Characteristics of experimental models of hepatitis A in Papio hamadryas].

Hepatitis A (HA) was induced in 14 Papio hamadryas by strain VHA-PH isolated from this species of monkeys with spontaneous infection, strain VHA-MM isolated from Macaca mulatta, and a unique strain VHA-H3 isolated from a patient; this latter strain is pathogenic for Macaca mulatta in experiment. All infected seronegative animals developed a disease with virological, serological, biochemical, and morphological signs characteristic of human HA, but the duration of these signs manifestation varied. Virus in the feces and an increased level of SGPT were detected periodically starting from days 3-26 to 24-135, and in 4 monkeys even later (up to days 163-238).

[Preparation and characteristics of cultured strains of hepatitis A virus from humans and monkeys].

Cultural strains of hepatitis A virus (HAV) have been isolated from spontaneously infected Macaca mulatta (HAV-MM), Papio hamadryas (HAV-PH), African green monkeys Cercopithecus aethiops (HAV-CA), and patients (HAV-H). The strains replicate in continuous cells lines AGMK, 4647, Vero, and FRhk-4. AGMK and 4647 cells are the most permissive at 32 degrees C.

[An outbreak of Streptococcus zooepidemicus-caused infection among laboratory primates].

An outbreak of septicemia caused by S. zooepidemicus in representatives of 5 species of lower monkeys, viz. Macaca mulatta (5), Macaca nemestrina (1), Macaca fascicularis (2), Cercopithecus aethiops (2), Mandrillus sphinx (1), is described.

[An experimental study of immunity to hepatitis A in monkeys].

In this work the experimental model of hepatitis A on monkeys, adequate to human hepatitis A, was used. Ten monkeys (6 Macaca mulatta and 4 Cercopithecus aethiops) were reinfected with different doses of hepatitis A virus (HAV) a year after recovery from spontaneous and experimental hepatitis A. The monkeys were completely resistant to the inoculation of the virus in moderate doses (10(3) ID50).

[A trial of a hepatitis A cultured inactivated vaccine on rhesus macaques].

In this work experimental model of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection in macaques rhesus was used. In 6 seronegative monkeys immunized with the inactivated vaccine (3 injections of 0.3 micrograms of viral protein each at an interval of 1 month) pronounced antibody response was observed.

[Spontaneous coronavirus infection in monkeys].

A high level of the spread of coronavirus (CV) infection among hamadryas baboons and macaques of different species (about 50%), both resident in the animal house and imported, has been established. The tropism of CV to the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts has been demonstrated. The course of spontaneous CV infection is accompanied by enterocolitis and/or pneumonia with periodic exacerbations, or takes the inapparent form.

[The experimental coronavirus infection of monkeys].

The coronavirus (CV) infection has been reproduced on monkeys (Macaca mulatta) for the first time. The strain CVRM 281, obtained from rhesus monkey who died of the spontaneous CV injection, has been used for the infection. The experimental CV infection has a chronic current with periodical relapses and virus persistence.

[Experimental models of hepatitis A in macaques using viral strains isolated from man and monkeys].

Experimental hepatitis A (HA) models were obtained in macaca monkeys (15 M. fascicularis and 4 M. mulatta) by means of the strains of hepatitis A virus (HAV) isolated from the feces of a patient (HAV-H) and of spontaneously infected M.

[Spontaneous and experimental hepatitis A in Papio hamadryas].

Data on high susceptibility of Papio hamadryas to HAV are presented. For the first time, P. hamadryas were shown to be able to respond to both natural and experimental infection developing the features typical of hepatitis A: increased aminotransferase activity, virus shedding in feces, production of anti-HAV IgG and IgM, histological liver lesions.

[The chronic course of spontaneous and experimental hepatitis A in rhesus monkeys with viral persistence].

The prolonged (up to 2 years) complex observation of 11 rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) with spontaneous hepatitis A and 14 rhesus macaques with experimental hepatitis A developing after their intravenous and/or oral infection with human hepatitis A virus (HAV). Both natural and experimental infection took a chronic course (15-18 months). In 13 monkeys showing morphological changes in the liver during the whole period of the disease elevated enzyme levels in the blood and virus shedding in feces were periodically observed.

[Comparative morphology of spontaneous hepatitis A in lower Old World monkeys].

Detailed description of liver damage in two species of macaques (rhesus and fascicularis) and green monkeys with spontaneous hepatitis A (HA) induced by the virus similar to human hepatitis. A virus (HAV) is given. Evolution of histological changes was followed by serial liver biopsies.

[The modelling of hepatitis A in macaques].

Characteristics of experimental hepatitis A in Macaca fascicularis and M. mulatta produced with HAV, strain MP, isolated from M. mulatta in an outbreak of spontaneous hepatitis are presented.