Building a second-opinion tool for classical polygraph.

Classical polygraph screenings are routinely used by critical businesses such as banking, law enforcement agencies, and federal governments. A major concern of scientific communities is that screenings are prone to errors. However, screening errors are not only due to the method, but also due to human (polygraph examiner) error.

Association of polymorphisms of HLA-DRB1 and TNF-308 G/A with radiographic joint damage in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis with high inflammatory activity, treated according to the principle of "Treat to target" (REMARKA study).

Aim: To clarify the association between HLA-DRB1 and TNFα (-308G>A) genes polymorphism and joint destruction/further progression during 12 months of the follow-up period (FUP) in patients with early (<6 months), active, predominantly antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP) and rheumatoid factor (RF)-positive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated according to "Treat to target" strategy.

Materials And Methods: The study included 85 patients with early RA and duration of symptoms <6 months. All patients were initially assigned to subcutaneous methotrexate (MTX) with rapid dose escalation to 20-25 mg/week.

[The influence of STAT4 rs7574865 (G/T) polymorphism on the risk of clinical and immunological phenotypes of systemic sclerosis in a Russian patient population: Results of a pilot study].

Aim: To examine the association of signal transducer and activator transcription 4 (STAT4) rs7574865 G/T polymorphism with a predisposition to systemic sclerosis (SSC) and associated clinical and autoimmune phenotypes in a Russian population.

Subjects And Methods: A total of 102 patients with SSC and 103 healthy individuals as controls were examined. STAT4 rs7574865 polymorphism was investigated by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

[Behcet's disease and associations with HLA-B5 antigen (a review of literature and the authors' findings)].

Aim: To estimate the distribution of HLA Class I (A, B) antigens in patients with Behcet's disease (BD) and the association of HLA-B5 antigen with the clinical manifestations of the disease in different ethnic and population groups in relation to gender.

Subjects And Methods: The study covered 93 patients (68 males, 25 females) from the representatives of 24 ethnicities with the verified disease. HLA Class I antigens were typed by the microlymphocytotoxic technique, by applying an antileukocytic serum kit (GISANS, Saint Petersburg).

[The finding of Coccidia in the trout Salmo trutta from continental waters of Russia].

Two species of Coccidia, Eimeria truttae (Leger et Hesse, 1919) and Eimeria lydiae (Lukes et Kepr, 1992), have been found for the first time in the trout Salmo trutta from the rivers of Kaliningrad Region, Russia.

[Coccidia (Eimeriida) from fishes of the continental waters of Russia].

Data on the Coccidia parasitizing fishes of 12 orders (Acipenseriformes, Clupeiformes, Salmoniformes, Anguilliformes, Siluriformes, Atheriniformes, Gadiformes, Gasterosteiformes, Syngnatiformes, Mugiliformes, Scorpaeniformes, and Pleuronectiformes) are given. Authors and year of description, synonymy, morphofunctional organization of exogenic stages, and list of hosts are presented for each coccidian species.

[Coccidia (Eimeriida) of perciform fishes (Perciformes) in the continental waters of Russia].

Twenty one coccidian species from the genera Eimeria and Goussia are found in the perciform fish hosts from the continental waters of Russia. Names, authors and dates of the species descriptions, synonyms, brief figured description of the morphofunctional organization of the endogenic developmental stages of coccidian, Latin and Russian names of the fish hosts are given.

[Coccidia (eimeriidae) of fishes (Cypriniformes) in the continental waters of Russia].

Thorough data on 67 coccidian species of the genera Eimeria, Goussia, and Isospora parasitizing fishes in the continental waters of Russia are given. Authors, year of description, synonyms, morphofunctional organization, and list of the hosts are reported for each species. The paper is supplied with figures of the exogenic stages of coccidia (oocysts).

Alu insertion polymorphisms in Native Americans and related Asian populations.

Background: Alu insertions provide useful markers for the study of inter-population affinities and historical processes, but data on these systems are not numerous in Native Americans and related populations.

Aim: The study aimed to answer the following questions: (a) do the population relationships found agree with ethnic, historical and geographical data? and (b) what can heterozygote levels and associated results inform us about the events that led to the colonization of the New World?

Subjects And Methods: Twelve Alu insertion polymorphisms were studied in 330 individuals belonging to South American Native, Siberian and Mongolian populations. These data were integrated with those from 526 persons, to ascertain the relationships between Asian, Northern Arctic and Amerindian populations.

Intra- and intercontinental molecular variability of an Alu insertion in the 3' untranslated region of the LDLR gene.

One-hundred three individuals from two Mongolian, two Siberian, and ten native American populations were studied in relation to a 340-bp sequence from an Alu insertion located in the 3' untranslated region of the LDLR gene. Seven haplotypes have been determined, and haplotype B1 was the most common, accounting for about half the sequences found. In general, diversity values are quite high, about 2.

[Evolutionary complication of life cycles in Coccidea (Sporozoa: Coccidea)].

Similar strategies to preserve a species were evolved independently in different groups of Coccidea. Polyenergid oocysts and tissue cysts are found in representatives of the orders Protococcidiida and Eimeriida. Hypnozoits are found in Karyolysus lacerate and Plasmodium vivax; transovarial transmission of parasites occurs in life cycles of Coccidea of the genera Karyolysis and Babesia.

[Allele polymorphism of alkaline phosphatase, acid soluble phosphatase, and vitamin D-binding protein genes in postmenopausal osteoporosis].

Aim: To study polymorphism of genes involved in mechanisms regulating metabolism of bone tissue: alkaline (ALPL) and acid (ACP1) phosphatases, vitamin D-binding protein (GC); to ascertain associations of their genotypes and alleles with osteoporosis (OP) and mineral density of spinal and femoral bone tissue (BTMD).

Material And Methods: Relevant genetic examination was made in 70 females with OP diagnosed by the WHO criteria (1994) aged 60-79 years (mean age 71.0 +/- 6.

[Distribution of coccidians (Coccidea) among different groups of hosts].

Approximately 3660 species of Coccidea belonging to 73 genera and 29 families parasitize representatives of the Metazoa kingdom. Coccidea were discovered in 10 of 35 phyla of Metazoa; in the most cases a direct correlation between the number of species in a host group and the number of Coccidea known from that group is clearly traced. Host groups, which are most archaic phylogenetically, are also parasitized by the archaic Coccidea groups.

[Evolution and phylogeny of coccidia with the eimerian-type and isomeric-type oocysts].

The isosporan-type of oocysts is a later evolutionary purchase in comparison with the eimerioran-type construction of oocysts'. Identical number of sporocysts and sporozoits in the oocysts, bivalvular constructions of sporocysts, heteroxenous life cycles and endogenous sporulation in a group series of coccidia have arisen asynchronously and independently. The evolution of RNA genes and a type of oocysts construction was proceeded in different species of the isosporan-type coccidia and with different velocities.

[A search for genes of predisposition to rheumatoid arthritis].

Rheumatoid arthritis belongs to the group of autoimmune multifactor diseases with an essential involvement of genetic components in its genesis. The HLA DRB1* polymorphism was studied in 68 RA patients and in their 75 healthy relatives. 135 blood donors, who were tested at the Institute for Immunology of the Ministry of Health, Russian Federation, Moscow, were in the control group.

[New species of coccidia Eimeria stizostedioni sp. n. (Sporozoa: Coccidea) from the pike perch Stizostedion lucioperca (Perciformes)].

A new coccidia species Eimeria stizostedioni from the pikeperch Stizostedion lucioperca (Perciformes) is described. Localities: Neva river. Prevalence: 20% (1/5).

[Correction of hypovolemia in piglets aged 3 and 28 days].

It is shown that restoration of plasma volume in 3-day-old pigs 6-12 hours after a 33% blood loss is a part of fluid elimination from the body as it occurs due to transfer of interstitial and, probably, intracellular liquid into the circulation and is accompanied by activation of diuresis. Activation of this process is not participated neither by hydrocortisone nor ACTH. Vasopressin and aldosterone have a negative effect on intravasation of interstitial fluid.

[Eight new species of coccidia (Sporozoa, Coccidia) in fishes from the continental waters of Russia].

Description of coccidian species infecting freshwater fishes is given. Localities: Neman river, Goussia peleci sp. n.

[Distribution of coccidians (Sporozoa: Coccidiida) in various systematic groups of fishes].

There are about 250 coccidian species associated with fishes. They belong to 8 genera (Calyptospora, Cryptosporidium, Crystallospora, Eimeria, Epieimeria, Goussia, Isospora, Octosporella) and 3 families (Calyptosporidae, Cryptosporidiidae, Eimeriidae). Two genera are represented by great number of species associated with fishes: Eimeria--157 and Goussia--69 species.

[The taxonomic rank and place of Colpodellida in the system of the Protista].

The analysis of ultrastructure organisation and divergent processes in Colpodellida, Perkinsida, Gregarinea and Coccidea has confirmed the presence of unique basic structures in all of these organisms and the necessity to combine them into the single phylum Sporozoa. A taxonomic rank and place of Colpodellida in the system of living organisms is represented as follows: phylum Sporozoa Leuckart, 1879; em. Krylov, Mylnikov, 1986.

[The correlation of the different mechanisms of adaptation of the circulatory system to hypovolemia in ontogeny].

It was established in experiments on narcotized adult cats and pigs of different age that postnatal mammal development is characterized by the presence of a period of the smallest resistance to massive blood loss (33% of circulating blood volume) when the ability for fast spontaneous restitution of plasma volume is already lost but the mechanism of increasing resistance of peripheral vessels to hypovolemia for support of perfusion pressure of adult mammal is still weak.

[An analysis of the linkage of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the delta locus of the T-cell receptor (TCRD) chain in the family of P].

Aim: To estimate probability of location of the gene determining family hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) in family P. on the 14th chromosome in segment 14q11 using parametric method "lod score".

Materials And Methods: The family of proband P.

[The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis and the rheumatoid factor in the native inhabitants of northeastern Siberia].

Aim: The study of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and rheumatoid factor (RF) prevalence among residents of eastern Chukotka--Eskimos and Chukchi.

Materials And Methods: Simultaneous total survey covered 974 of 1176(83.3%) residents of 4 villages in the eastern Chukotka.