Risk factors for optic disc hemorrhage in the low-pressure glaucoma treatment study.

Purpose: To investigate risk factors for disc hemorrhage detection in the Low-Pressure Glaucoma Treatment Study.

Design: Cohort of a randomized, double-masked, multicenter clinical trial.

Methods: Low-Pressure Glaucoma Treatment Study patients with at least 16 months of follow-up were included.

Correlation between intereye difference in visual field mean deviation values and relative afferent pupillary response as measured by an automated pupillometer in subjects with glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of a new binocular infrared computerized pupillometer in the quantitative measurement of the relative afferent pupillary response in patients with glaucoma by assessing the correlation of the intereye difference in visual function as measured by standard automated perimetry (SAP) with the intereye difference in the afferent pupillary response.

Methods: Twenty-three patients with glaucoma underwent examination with a prototype, automated, binocular pupillometer. Correlation between the intereye difference in the afferent pupillary response and the intereye difference in mean deviation (MD) was explored.

Risk factors for visual field progression in the low-pressure glaucoma treatment study.

Purpose: To investigate risk factors associated with visual field progression in the Low-pressure Glaucoma Treatment Study, a prospective trial designed to compare the effects of the alpha2-adrenergic agonist brimonidine tartrate 0.2% to the beta-adrenergic antagonist timolol maleate 0.5% on visual function in low-pressure glaucoma.

A randomized trial of brimonidine versus timolol in preserving visual function: results from the Low-Pressure Glaucoma Treatment Study.

Purpose: To compare the alpha2-adrenergic agonist brimonidine tartrate 0.2% to the beta-adrenergic antagonist timolol maleate 0.5% in preserving visual function in low-pressure glaucoma.

Comparison of stereo disc photographs and alternation flicker using a novel matching technology for detecting glaucoma progression.

Background And Objective: To compare agreement of automated alternation flicker and serial stereophotograph inspection for detection of progressive glaucoma.

Patients And Methods: Serial photographs of patients with glaucoma with at least 36 months of follow-up and perimetry every 4 months were assessed by four graders using predefined criteria with both flicker and stereophotography. The main outcome measure was progressive neuroretinal rim deterioration as identified by each technique.

Tissue bioengineering for surgical bleb defects: an animal study.

Background: To assess the effectiveness of OloGen (also named iGen), a porous, bioengineered, biodegradable, collagen-glycoaminoglycan matrix implant, in preventing poor bleb formation and early failure after trabeculectomy in eyes with a surgical wound defect.

Methods: The right eyes of 30 female New Zealand albino rabbits underwent trabeculectomy with OloGen implanted subconjunctivally on top of the scleral flap, while six right eyes received trabeculectomy without the implant to serve as a control group. A 1-2 mm diameter circular conjunctival defect was created in all eyes.

Special considerations in low-tension glaucoma.

Low-pressure (low-tension) glaucoma is reviewed in relation to neuroprotection, that is, the therapeutic strategy to keep neurons living and functionally connected to targets within the brain. Baseline results of the Low-Pressure Glaucoma Treatment Study (LoGTS) are reviewed.

Visual field and intraocular pressure asymmetry in the low-pressure glaucoma treatment study.

Objective: To explore the relationship between asymmetric baseline intraocular pressure (IOP) and asymmetric visual field (VF) loss in the Low-Pressure Glaucoma Treatment Study.

Design: Randomized, multicenter, controlled clinical trial.

Participants: Low-pressure glaucoma (LPG) patients 30 years or older were identified.

Control of filtering bleb structure through tissue bioengineering: An animal model.

Purpose: To devise a means of providing controlled resistance between the anterior chamber and the subconjunctival space after trabeculectomy by implantation of a biodegradable, porous collagen matrix.

Methods: Matrices were implanted in the right eyes of 17 rabbits after trabeculectomy, while left eyes served as surgical controls. The scleral flap was sutured loosely, and the implant provided pressure on the scleral flap to reduce overfiltration.

The Low-pressure Glaucoma Treatment Study (LoGTS) study design and baseline characteristics of enrolled patients.

Objective: The Low-Pressure Glaucoma Treatment Study (LoGTS) seeks to evaluate visual field stability in low-pressure glaucoma patients randomized to intraocular pressure reduction in both eyes with topical twice daily brimonidine tartrate 0.2% versus twice daily timolol maleate 0.5%.

(-)-Isoproterenol modulation of maxi-K(+) channel in nonpigmented ciliary epithelial cells through a G-protein gated pathway.

Purpose: Adrenergic agents decrease intraocular pressure by reducing aqueous humor secretion from ciliary epithelial cells. Since the ionic concentration of aqueous humor contributes to intraocular pressure, we have investigated the effect of (-)-isoproterenol, a beta-adrenergic agonist on the maxi-K( +) channel in rabbit nonpigmented ciliary epithelial (NPE) cells.

Methods: Single-channel currents were recorded from the basolateral surface of acutely isolated NPE cells using patch clamp techniques.

Adult-onset primary open-angle glaucoma caused by mutations in optineurin.

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) affects 33 million individuals worldwide and is a leading cause of blindness. In a study of 54 families with autosomal dominantly inherited adult-onset POAG, we identified the causative gene on chromosome 10p14 and designated it OPTN (for "optineurin"). Sequence alterations in OPTN were found in 16.

The risk profile of glaucoma filtration surgery.

Glaucoma surgery has evolved over the past 30 years from the full-thickness procedure to the guarded filtration procedure. However, many of the risks and complications attendant with the full-thickness procedure, including endophthalmitis, hypotony, cataract progression, and filtration failure, continue to plague the glaucoma surgeon performing the guarded filtration procedure, although at lower incidences. With proper modification of technique, such as with postoperative bleb titration and use of adjunctive antifibrotic therapy based on prognosticators for failure, the success rates of trabeculectomy reoperations can approach those of primary trabeculectomy.

Latanoprost treatment for glaucoma: effects of treating for 1 year and of switching from timolol. United States Latanoprost Study Group.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy and safety of latanoprost treatment for 1 year in glaucoma patients, and to evaluate the effects of switching from timolol to latanoprost therapy.

Methods: Latanoprost 0.005% was topically applied once daily without masking for 6 months in 223 patients with elevated intraocular pressure after previous treatment with latanoprost once daily or 0.

Combined trabeculectomy and phacoemulsification: a one-site vs a two-site approach.

Purpose: To compare the results of combined trabeculectomy and phacoemulsification surgery with intraocular lens implant by means of a one-site vs a two-site approach.

Methods: Glaucomatous patients with a coexisting cataract were randomly assigned to undergo either a one-site or two-site combined procedure. One-site surgery was performed with a limbus-based conjunctival flap and scleral tunnel at the 12-o'clock position.

Effect of beta-adrenergic agents on intracellular potential of rabbit ciliary epithelium.

Purpose: To study the effects of beta-adrenergic agents on intracellular potential (Vm) of the isolated and intact rabbit ciliary epithelium.

Methods: Vm was measured on the isolated intact ciliary epithelium superfused with adrenergic agents and cyclic AMP modulators.

Results: The nonselective beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol depolarized Vm in a dose-dependent fashion.

Combination of systemic acetazolamide and topical dorzolamide in reducing intraocular pressure and aqueous humor formation.

Objective: The study aimed to determine whether topical dorzolamide and systemic acetazolamide have an additive effect on intraocular pressure (IOP) and aqueous humor formation (AHF).

Design: This was a prospective, open-label, two-protocol clinical study.

Participants: Sixteen patients with ocular hypertension or with primary open-angle glaucoma were studied.

Vacuolar H+-ATPase in ocular ciliary epithelium.

The mechanisms controlling the production of aqueous humor and the regulation of intraocular pressure are poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence that a vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) in the ocular ciliary epithelium is a key component of this process. In intracellular pH (pHi) measurements of isolated ciliary epithelium performed with 2',7-biscarboxyethyl-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF), the selective V-ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin A1 slowed the recovery of pHi in response to acute intracellular acidification, demonstrating the presence of V-ATPase in the plasma membrane.

Topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.

Dorzolamide, a topically active carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, is an effective new glaucoma medication that creates a decrease in intraocular pressure similar to that produced by beta-blockers. When beta-blockers are contraindicated, dorzolamide may be used as a first-line therapy. It has excellent additivity with other topical ocular hypotensive medications, including beta-blockers and pilocarpine.

Cyclocryotherpay and noncontact Nd:YAG laser cyclophotocoagulation in cats.

Purpose: To investigate physiological and histologic alterations of the cat eye in response to cyclocryotherapy (CCT) and noncontact transscleral Nd:YAG laser cyclophotocoagulation (TSNYC).

Methods: One eye of 29 cats was treated with 12 applications (1 minute, -80 degrees C) of CCT or 80 applications of noncontact TSNYC (7 to 9 J, retrofocus 3.6 mm).