Heparin vs Saline Infusion to Maintain Patency of Arterial Catheters in Children: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Noninferiority Trial.

Objective: To determine whether normal saline flush solution is noninferior to heparinised saline for maintaining the patency of arterial intravascular catheters in children.

Methods: A single centre, double blind, parallel group, noninferiority, randomized control study was conducted in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust hospital, a tertiary children's hospital, Chennai, India. 92 children requiring arterial catheters for more than 12 hours were randomized to receive either normal saline or heparinized saline (1 U/ml) flush solution.

Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity: It is Time to Use the New Diagnostic Criteria.

Krupanandan R. Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity: It is Time to Use the New Diagnostic Criteria. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022;26(11):1165-1166.

Pediatric acute liver failure: An experience of a pediatric intensive care unit from resource limited settings.

Introduction: Pediatric acute liver failure is a rare and serious disease. Though liver transplantation is considered as the established treatment option for patients who are unlikely to recover with medical management, however, with the advancement of medical care there has been an increase in spontaneous regeneration of liver, obviating the need for liver transplantation. We identified the etiologies, outcome and prognostic factors of acute liver failure and the validity of the existing liver transplantation criteria to predict the outcome of pediatric acute liver failure.

Usefulness of Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin as a Predictor of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Children.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common among critically ill children. The current definitions of AKI rely on serum creatinine and urine output, which may not be deranged until late in the course of the illness. There has been a lot of work in search of novel biomarkers to define and predict AKI, and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a promising one.

A Child with Unilateral Pulmonary Edema due to Mitral Valve Rupture Following Blunt Trauma.

A 7-year-old boy was admitted with a history of cough and tachypnea for 1 day. There was a history of a fall from a motorcycle with some abrasions over the left arm. The child was found to have tachypnea and tachycardia and was started on noninvasive ventilation.

Transport-related Adverse Events in Critically-ill Children: The Role of a Dedicated Transport Team.

Objective: To compare the frequency of transport-related adverse events in children during specialized, non-specialized or unassisted transports.

Methods: Patients were grouped based on transport team involved - specialized (Group-1); non-specialized (Group-2); unassisted transport (Group-3). Demographics, events during transport and condition on arrival were recorded.