The rates of septicemia in older adults with prostate cancer treated with abiraterone or enzalutamide: A population-based study.

Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common non-cutaneous tumor among American men. Androgen receptor signaling inhibitors such as abiraterone and enzalutamide have been approved for similar disease states among patients with advanced PCa. Existing data suggest using steroids is associated with an increased risk of infection.

Correlations between Coffee Consumption and Metabolic Phenotypes, Plasma Folate, and Vitamin B12: NHANES 2003 to 2006.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is prevalent not only among the overweight and obese but also normal weight individuals, and the phenotype is referred to as a metabolically unhealthy phenotype (MUHP). Besides normal weight individuals, overweight/obese individuals are also protected from MetS, and the phenotype is known as a metabolically healthy phenotype (MHP). Epidemiological studies indicate that coffee and micronutrients such as plasma folate or vitamin B12 (vit.

Relationship between polypharmacy and inpatient hospitalization among older adults with cancer treated with intravenous chemotherapy.

Objectives: Polypharmacy (≥5 concurrent medications) is common among older patients with cancer (48%-80%) and associated with increased frailty, morbidity, and mortality. This study examined the relationship between polypharmacy and inpatient hospitalization among older adults with cancer treated with intravenous (IV) chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: The main data source was the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare linked files.

Mortality and Hospitalization Risk Following Oral Androgen Signaling Inhibitors Among Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer by Pre-existing Cardiovascular Comorbidities.

Background: Elderly patients (≥65yr) with advanced prostate cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) conditions are often excluded from clinical trials of abiraterone acetate (AA) or enzalutamide (ENZ). Consequently, little is known about the effects of these medications on these vulnerable patients.

Objective: To assess the short-term outcomes of AA and ENZ in patients with pre-existing CVDs.

A comparison of thick-film microscopy, rapid diagnostic test, and polymerase chain reaction for accurate diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.

Background: Accurate diagnosis of malaria is important for effective disease management and control. In Cameroon, presumptive clinical diagnosis, thick-film microscopy (TFM), and rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) are commonly used to diagnose cases of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, these methods lack sensitivity to detect low parasitaemia.

Increasing dental health-care utilisation for all: understanding individual factors and place factors in Hawaii.

Introduction: Dental service utilisation is an important global health problem. Studies report that when people are able to access oral health care, they are more likely to receive basic preventive services than emergency care. Previous studies also report that dental-care utilisation varies according to individual patient and place factors.

Validation of the Diabetes Distress Scale in an Asian Pacific Islander Population.

Diabetes distress (DD) generally refers to the emotional and cognitive stress caused by the daily management of diabetes. The Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS)-17 is a 17-item instrument that is frequently used to screen DD and the Fisher's DDS2, developed by Fisher, et al, is a two-item instrument to quickly identify DD. However, these scales have been validated in Caucasian populations but not in Asian Pacific Islander (API) populations.

Asian Americans & chronic kidney disease in a nationally representative cohort.

Background: There is a paucity of specific data on early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among Asian Americans (AAs). The objective of this study was to examine the independent association of Asian race/ethnicity and socio-demographic and co-morbidity factors with markers of early kidney damage, ascertained by ACR levels, as well as kidney dysfunction, ascertained by eGFR levels in a large cross-sectional sample of AAs enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Methods: Secondary data analyses of the NHANES 2011-2014 data of a nationally representative sample of 5907 participants 18 years and older, US citizens, and of Asian and White race.

Racial and ethnic differences in mental health service utilization among the Hawaii medicaid population.

Racial/ethnic differences have not been adequately addressed in the utilization of mental health services among Medicaid populations. This study aimed to examine racial/ethnic differences in the utilization of health services for mental disorders in a Medicaid adult population aged between 21 and 64 years. Racial/ethnic differences in inpatient, outpatient and emergency department services utilization were assessed using 2010 Hawaii Medicaid data.

Feasibility and outcomes of an out-of-school and home-based obesity prevention pilot study for rural children on an American Indian reservation.

Background: Children living in rural areas are at higher risk for obesity compared to urban children, and Native American (NA) children have the highest prevalence of overweight/obesity for all races combined. Out-of-school programs (OOSPs) are a promising setting to improve children's health. Parents are important in supporting their child's obesity-related behaviors, yet it remains unclear what combination and dose of parent engagement strategies is feasible and optimal.

Oral and intratympanic steroid therapy for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Objective: To investigate the role of intratympanic (IT) therapy in the treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL).

Methods: This study was a retrospective review. Patients were treated for ISSNHL from January 1, 2011 to April 12, 2015 with the following: pre/posttreatment audios, treatment initiated ≤90 days and idiopathic etiology.

Oral Health Knowledge and Practices of Pediatric and Family Nurse Practitioners.

Introduction: The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between oral health educational activities of NPs and their current oral health knowledge and practices.

Method: An online survey was distributed to practicing NPs and members of the NAPNAP organization.

Results: The study results from n = 147 NPs indicated an association between oral health CE attendance and knowledge on the age to initiate fluoride toothpaste, age for an initial dental visit, as well as NPs comfort in educating about oral hygiene, diets to reduce caries, bacterial transmission and caries development, in addition to the NPs comfort in performing a risk assessment, oral exam, and identifying decay and other oral pathology compared to NPs that had not attended a CE course.

Racial-ethnic disparities in self-reported health status among US adults adjusted for sociodemographics and multimorbidities, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014.

To investigate racial-ethnic disparities in self-reported health status adjusting for sociodemographic factors and multimorbidities. A total of 9499 adult participants aged 20 years and older from the United States (US); reported by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a cross-sectional survey - for years 2011-2014. The main outcome measure was self-reported health status categorized as excellent/very good, good (moderate), and fair/poor.

Racial Disparities in Health Service Utilization Among Medicare Fee-for-Service Beneficiaries Adjusting for Multiple Chronic Conditions.

Objective: To examine racial disparities in health services utilization in Hawaii among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries aged 65 years and above.

Method: All-cause utilization of inpatient, outpatient, emergency, home health agency, and skilled nursing facility admissions were investigated using 2012 Medicare data. For each type of service, multivariable logistic regression model was used to investigate racial disparities adjusting for sociodemographic factors and multiple chronic conditions.

Racial-ethnic Disparities in Postpartum Hemorrhage in Native Hawaiians, Pacific Islanders, and Asians.

The objective of this study was to assess racial-ethnic differences in the prevalence of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) among Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders (NHOPI), Asians, and Whites. We performed a retrospective study on statewide inpatient data for delivery hospitalizations in Hawai'i between January 1995 and December 2013. A total of 243,693 in-hospital delivery discharges (35.

Characterizing Early Adolescent Plate Waste Using the Mobile Food Record.

This study aimed to assess the amount of plate waste and how plate waste was disposed by early adolescent girls using a mobile food record (mFR). Participants were girls nine to thirteen years residing in O'ahu, Hawai'i ( = 93). Foods selected and leftover were estimated using a three day mFR.

Prevalence of Chronic Conditions and Multimorbidities in a Geographically Defined Geriatric Population With Diverse Races and Ethnicities.

Objective: The objective of this study is to examine racial/ethnic differences in prevalence of chronic conditions and multimorbidities in the geriatric population of a state with diverse races/ethnicities.

Method: Fifteen chronic conditions and their dyads and triads were investigated using Hawaii Medicare 2012 data. For each condition, a multivariable logistic regression model was used to investigate differences in race/ethnicity, adjusting for subject characteristics.

Five-Year Cancer Survival Rates in Oklahoma from 1997 to 2008.

Introduction: This study evaluated the five-year observed survival rates of American Indians/Alaskan Native, African American, and white cancer patients among various demographic characteristics in Oklahoma focusing on lung and bronchus, colon and rectum, female breast, and prostate for the cancer patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2008.

Methods: The five-year observed survival rates were calculated for overall cancer and specific cancer sites, using Kaplan-Meier method with data from the Oklahoma Central Cancer Registry.

Results: Overall, 51.

The Association Between Socio-demographic Factors, Dental Problems, and Preterm Labor for Pregnant Women Residing in Hawai'i.

Periodontal disease during pregnancy has the potential to increase the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes including preterm labor (PTL), prematurity, and low birth weight (LBW). Despite professional recommendations on the importance and safety of dental assessments and treatments, the rate of dental care utilization during pregnancy remains low. The purpose of this study was to document the utilization of dental services and explore the relationships among socio-demographic factors, dental problems, and PTL in pregnant women residing in Hawai'i.

Colonoscopy Screening among Native Hawaiians at Queen's Medical Center between August 2011 and January 2013.

A retrospective chart review in the Endoscopy Department at Queen's Medical Center identified 358 Native Hawaiian patients who had completed a colonoscopy screening procedure between August 2011 and January 2013, through either the Direct Referral Colonoscopy program or its Traditional Referral program. The differences in the characteristics of Native Hawaiian patients were summarized and compared between the two referral programs to identify potential barriers for future interventions and increase colorectal cancer screening. The combined colonoscopy screening rate among Native Hawaiians was 13%.