Effect of degalactosylated bovine glycoprotein formulations MAF and M сapsules on lymphopenia and clinical outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Targeting mucosal immunity of the gut, which is known to provide antigen processing, while avoiding excessive or unnecessary inflammation, was tested as a way to modulate COVID-19 severity.

Methods: Randomized open-label trial in 204 adults hospitalized with non-critical COVID-19 who received for 14 days in addition to standard of care (SOC) degalactosylated bovine glycoproteins formulations of either MAF capsules (MAF group) or M capsules (M group) or SOC only (control group).

Results: Median recovery time when patients did not require supplemental oxygen was 6 days in both study groups compared to 9 days in the control (MAF vs.

Climate shapes the spatiotemporal variation in color morph diversity and composition across the distribution range of Chrysomela lapponica leaf beetle.

Color polymorphism offers rich opportunities for studying the eco-evolutionary mechanisms that drive the adaptations of local populations to heterogeneous and changing environments. We explored the color morph diversity and composition in a Chrysomela lapponica leaf beetle across its entire distribution range to test the hypothesis that environmental and climatic variables shape spatiotemporal variation in the phenotypic structure of a polymorphic species. We obtained information on 13 617 specimens of this beetle from museums, private collections, and websites.

Colloidal Silicon Dioxide in Tablet form (Carbowhite) Efficacy in Patients with Acute Diarrhea: Results of Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multi-Center Study.

The acute diarrhea is a wide-spread disease. The prescription of enterosorbents is appropriate as a primary measure for the treatment of the acute diarrhea for effective prevention of the fluid and electrolyte loss, as well as method for symptom relief of the attack of the disease. Aim of the study - the antidiarrheal efficacy and safety study of high-dispersion silicon dioxide enterosorbent in tablet dosage form in patients with acute diarrhea.

Climate warming leads to decline in frequencies of melanic individuals in subarctic leaf beetle populations.

Intraspecific diversity buffers populations from deleterious impacts of environmental change. Nevertheless, the consequences of climate warming for phenotypic and genetic diversity within populations and species remain poorly understood. The goal of our study was to explore among-year variations in the phenotypic structure of populations and their relationships with climate variability and population dynamics.

Strategies of chemical anti-predator defences in leaf beetles: is sequestration of plant toxins less costly than de novo synthesis?

The evolution of defensive traits is driven both by benefits gained from protection against enemies and by costs of defence production. We tested the hypothesis that specialisation of herbivores on toxic host plants, accompanied by the ability to acquire plant defensive compounds for herbivore defence, is favoured by the lower costs of sequestration compared to de novo synthesis of defensive compounds. We measured physiological costs of chemical defence as a reduction in larval performance in response to repeated removal of secretions (simulating predator attack) and compared these costs between five species synthesising defences de novo and three species sequestering salicylic glucosides (SGs) from their host plants.

[Estimation of clinical-pathogenetic efficiency of reamberin and cycloferon application in patients with the severe form of acute tonsillitis].

Efficiency of reamberin and cycloferon application combination at the patients with the heavy form of acute tonsillitis was investigated. It is set that cycloferon and reamberin application in the complex of treatment of the patients with this pathology is instrumental in normalization of the general state and feel of patients, liquidation of both commontoxic syndrome and local inflammatory displays in pharynx, and also normalization of the studied biochemical and immunological indexes. Application of cycloferon and reamberin provides the decline of "average molecules" and malon dialdehyde level to norm, that testifies about liquidation endogenous "metabolic" intoxication syndrome, and also instrumental in normalization of phagocytes activity of monocytes indexes, that describe normalize operating of the indicated preparation on the macrophage phagocytes system.

[Efficiency of enterosorbent white coal* in the treatment of patients with hepatic cirrhosis].

Efficiency of enterosorbent White Coal (aerosil) at the treatment of the patients with hepatic cirrhosis (HC) was investigated. It was set that including of enterosorbent White Coal to the complex treatment of the patients with HC provided more fast liqudation clinical symptoms and provided archievment of clinical-biochemical remission and at pathogenetic plan - decrease of concentration "average molecules", lipoperoxidation's products, increase of antioxydant system enzymes in the serum that testified about liqudation "metabolic intoxication" and oxidative stress syndromes.

[Efficacy of reamberin for the treatment of acute intestinal infections caused by opportunistic bacteria].

Reamberin was shown to improve the efficacy of the treatment of acute intestinal infections caused by opportunistic bacteria. Its introduction into combined therapy accelerated normalization of the patients' general conditions, improved their well-being, eliminated syndrome of infectious toxicosis, diarrheic and abdominal pain syndromes, decreased duration of postinfectious asthenia, had beneficial effect on biochemical and immune parameters. Reamberin reduced the level of medium-sized molecules and malonic dialdehyde to the upper normal value which suggests elimination of endogenous "metabolic" intoxication syndrome, normalization of the level of circulating immune complexes and their fractional composition.

[Efficiency of enterosorbent White Coal in the treatment of the patients with chronic viral hepatitis C and its influence on lipoperoxidation markers and endogenous intoxication in blood of patients].

Efficiency of enterosorbent White Coal (aerosil) at the treatment of the patients with chronic viral hepatitis C (CVHC) was investigated. It was set that including of enterosorbent White Coal (aerosil) to the complex treatment of the patients with CVHC provided more fast liqudation clinical symptoms and provided archievment of clinical-biochemical remission and at pathogenetic plan--decrease of concentration "average molecules" and lipoperoxidation's products in the serum that testified about liqudation "metabolic intoxication" and oxidative stress syndromes.

[Increase of antibacterial therapy efficacy in chronic sepsis with cycloferon and reamberin combination].

The use of reamberin and cycloferon combination for increasing the antibacterial therapy efficacy in patients with chronic sepsis (CS) was studied. It was shown that the combination provided more rapid elimination of the CS exacerbation symptoms, normalization of the hematologic indices, bacteriemia eradication and reduction of the cytokine blood profile--normal serum levels of proinflammatory (IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-alpha) and antiinflammatory (IL-4) cytokines. The findings allowed to considered the use of the reamberin and cycloferon combination in the treatment of patients with CS pathogenetically reasonable and clinically perspective for increasing the antibacterial therapy efficacy.

[Influence of immunotropic preparation cycloferon and phytopreparations of Cynara scolimus L. on blood cytokines profile of the patients with chronic viral hepatitis C in medical rehabilitation period].

The effect of the immunotropic drug cycloferon and herbal medicine resources on the basis of Cynara scolimus L. on the blood cytokine profile in the patients with chronic viral hepatitis C (CVHC) in medical rehabilitation (MR) period. Established that prior to MR period in the patients with CVHC was noted significantly increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines (CK) at the blood serum, and the level of antiinflammatory CK changed significantly.

[Clinical efficiency of reamberin - cycloferon combination in treatment of hepatic cirrhosis associated with chronic HCV infection].

The clinical efficiency of a reamberin and cycloferon combination for the treatment of hepatic cirrhosis (HC) associated with chronic HCV infection has been studied. Immunological investigation of patients carried out before the treatment revealed a significant increase in the level of proinflammatory cytokines (CK) in serum, whereas the level of anti-inflammatory CK changed rather insignificantly. Use of the reamberin - cycloferon combination provided faster clinical-biochemical remission and, in respect of the pathogenetic state, ensured normalization of the CK profile in the blood.

[Influence of сycloferon on the сytokine blood profile and production of proinflammatory сytokines in the cultures of mononucleares of peripheral blood of the patients with chronic tonsillitis].

The 88 patients with chronic tonsillitis (CT) was investigated. The 46 patients (basic group) got the modern immunoactive preparation cycloferon and 42 patients (comparison group) - only the generally accepted therapy. During immunological researches on a background clinical manifestation of СT the increase proinflammatory cytokines (CK) (TNFα, IL-1Β) in the serum, and also increase the level of spontaneous products of these CK in the cultures mononucleares of periferal blood was detected.

[Effectivity of detoxification preparation reamberin in complex treatment of the patients with chronic cholecystitis combined with chronic pancreatitis on background of HCV-infection].

Effectivity of detoxic preparation reamberin at complex treatment of the patients with acuting of chronic cholecystitis combined with chronic pancreatitis on background of HCV-infection was detected. It was set that before treatment took place increase "average molecules", lipid peroxidation products--malondialdehyde and dien conjugates and increase of circulatory immune complexes in serum. Including of reamberin provided to normalization clinical-biochemical indexes.

[The clinical laboratory manifestations of severe form of diffuse toxic goiter].

The article deals with nowadays considerations concerning the pathogenesis of such systemic autoimmune disease as diffuse toxic goiter. The clinical monitoring of severe form of diffuse toxic goiter complicated by systemic autoimmune manifestations with characteristic alterations of results of clinical, biochemical, hormonal and immunologic analyses is analyzed.

[Efficiency of cycloferon and reamberin combination at the treatment of the patients with chronic sepsis].

The cytokine profile of blood (CPB) at the patients with chronic sepsis (CS) streptococcus or mixed (by a streptococcus and to staphylococcus etiology) was studied. To beginning of the treatment at intensifying of CS at the patients was detected the substantial increase of maintenance of proinflammatory (IL - 1β, IL - 2, IL - 6, TNF -α) cytokines (CК) in the blood serum at the moderate increase of antiinflammatory CK (IL-4). Thus, indexes, characterizing correlation pro- and antiinflammatory CК was rate, that testified to predominating of proinflammatory potencies of blood.

[Pathogenetic ground of including reamberin and cycloferon combination into the therapy program for patients with severe cases of acute tonsillitis of a mixed viral/bacterial etiology].

The increase of severe cases of acute tonsillitis (AT) is presently marked. Severe cases of AT disturb immune and metabolic homoeostasis initiating the development of disease. Therapy optimization is required to select the best treatment.

How geometry controls the tearing of adhesive thin films on curved surfaces.

Flaps can be detached from a thin film glued on a solid substrate by tearing and peeling. For flat substrates, it has been shown that these flaps spontaneously narrow and collapse in pointy triangular shapes. Here we show that various shapes, triangular, elliptic, acuminate, or spatulate, can be observed for the tears by adjusting the curvature of the substrate.

Dispersive kinetics in discotic liquid crystals.

The dynamics of the discotic liquid-crystalline system, hexakis (n-hexyloxy) triphenylene (HAT6), is considered in the frame of the phenomenological model for rate processes proposed by Berlin. It describes the evolution of the system in the presence of the long-time scale correlations in the system, and we compare this with experimental quasielastic neutron scattering of the molecular assembly of HAT6 in the columnar phase. We interpret the parameters of this model in terms of nonextensive thermodynamics in which rare events in the local fast dynamics of some parts of the system control the slower dynamics of the larger molecular entity and lead to a fractional diffusion equation.

Structure and dynamics of a discotic liquid-crystalline charge-transfer complex.

The structure of the charge-transfer complex hexakis(n-hexyloxy)triphenylene-2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone (HAT6-TNF) has been characterized by neutron scattering, X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy, and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS). On the basis of these data and the 1:1 stoichiometry, a consistent structure for the complex is proposed. This structure differs markedly from structures previously proposed for similar materials, because the TNF molecules are found to be situated between the discotic columns rather than sandwiched between the discotic molecules of a given column.

[The testing of the carcinogenicity of dispirotripiperazine derivatives by combined administration with sodium nitrite].

The cancerogenic activity of the dispirotripiperasinium derivatives prospidine and spirobromine was tested in concurrent use with sodium nitrite. The drugs were intragastrically administered once a week. It was combined with sodium nitrite, 35 mg/kg, to non-inbred rats of both sex during 24 months.

[Effect of piracetam on rat reproductive function and the sexual development of their progeny].

Administration of piracetam to infantile rats in a daily dose of 100 mg/kg for 10 days caused acceleration of sexual maturation of females and a slight delay of maturation of males. Antenatal administration of the same dose of piracetam exerted a depressive action on the development of the organs of the reproductive system in males from the offspring with a simultaneous increase in the pituitary gonadotropic activity.