Fundal pressure in second stage of labor (Kristeller maneuver) is associated with increased risk of levator ani muscle avulsion.

Objective: To investigate the association between application of fundal pressure during the second stage of labor (Kristeller maneuver) and the risk of levator ani muscle (LAM) injury.

Methods: This was a prospective case-control study of women recruited immediately after their first vaginal delivery in our university hospital between March 2014 and September 2016. Women who underwent the Kristeller maneuver were recruited as cases.

The "occiput-spine angle": a new sonographic index of fetal head deflexion during the first stage of labor.

Background: Fetal head "attitude" (relationship of fetal head to spine) in the first stage of labor may have a substantial impact on labor outcome. The diagnosis of fetal head deflexion traditionally is based on digital examination in labor, although the use of ultrasound to support clinical diagnosis has been recently reported.

Objectives: The aims of this study were: (1) to quantify the degree of fetal head deflection via the use of sonography during the first stage of labor; and (2) to determine whether a parameter derived from ultrasound examination (the occiput-spine angle) has a relationship with the course and outcome of labor.

A New Method to Measure the Subpubic Arch Angle Using 3-D Ultrasound.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the reproducibility of both a new contrast-enhancing technique (Oblique View eXtended Imaging, OVIX; Samsung) and the recently reported 3-D multiplanar technique (MPT) in the measurement of the subpubic angle (SPA) among a group of women at term gestation. In addition, we aimed to study the intermethod agreement between the OVIX technique and MPT.

Methods: We acquired a transperineal 3-D ultrasound volume from 155 women with a singleton uncomplicated term pregnancy before the onset of labor.

[Cytology in the diagnosis of diseases of the nose and maxilary sinuses].

The aim of this work is to evaluate cytologic examination of secretions of nose and maxillary sinuses in patients with naso-sinusal disorders. The material for cytologic examination is taken from 128 nasal cavities of 101 patients with inflammation or tumour diseases of nose and maxillary sinuses, and from 114 maxillary sinuses, intraoperatively, of 89 patients. The results of cytological examinations were classified in five groups: acute bacterial inflammations, chronic bacterial inflammations, allergic processes, viral infections and positive findings for malignancy.

[Relation between size of the nasopharynx and occurrence of chronic otitis media].

Aetiopathogenesis of chronic middle ear inflammation has not yet been sufficiently elucidated. Eustachian tube infection, causative organism virulence, immune status and biologically predisposed middle ear mucosa play the major role. The study was aimed at evaluation of the correlation between nasopharyngeal size and development of chronic middle ear inflammations.

Macro- and microelements in the cataractous eye lens.

This investigation included the determination of Na, K, Ca, Mg and Zn in lens and aqueous humor of cataract patients. Along with the development of senile cataract the Na concentration increased, while the K concentration diminished. In the cataractous eye lenses the concentration of Ca and Zn were higher than in normal transparent lenses.