Modeling of the interaction between osteoblasts and biocompatible substrates as a function of adhesion strength.

A goal of current implantology research is to design devices that induce controlled, guided, and rapid healing. Nanoscale structured substrates [e.g.

Mechanoresponses of human primary osteoblasts grown on carbon nanotubes.

Bone mechanotransduction is strongly influenced by the biomaterial properties. A good understanding of these mechanosensory mechanisms in bone has the potential to provide new strategies in the highly evolving field of bone tissue engineering. The aim of the present investigation was to study the interactive effects of local mechanical stimuli on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/osteoblast interface, using an in vitro model that allows the study of cell growth, attachment and differentiation.

Carbon nanotubes reinforced chitosan films: mechanical properties and cell response of a novel biomaterial for cardiovascular tissue engineering.

Carbon nanotubes have been proposed as fillers to reinforce polymeric biomaterials for the strengthening of their structural integrity to achieve better biomechanical properties. In this study, a new polymeric composite material was introduced by incorporating various low concentrations of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into chitosan (CS), aiming at achieving a novel composite biomaterial with superior mechanical and biological properties compared to neat CS, in order to be used in cardiovascular tissue engineering applications. Both mechanical and biological characteristics in contact with the two relevant cell types (endothelial cells and vascular myofibroblasts) were studied.

Cellular function and adhesion mechanisms of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are considered to be excellent reinforcements for biorelated applications, but, before being incorporated into biomedical devices, their biocompatibility need to be investigated thoroughly. We investigated the ability of films of pristine MWCNTs to influence human mesenchymal stem cells' proliferation, morphology, and differentiation into osteoblasts. Moreover, the selective integrin subunit expression and the adhesion mechanism to the substrate were evaluated on the basis of adherent cell number and adhesion strength, following the treatment of cells with blocking antibodies to a series of integrin subunits.

On the biocompatibility between TiO2 nanotubes layer and human osteoblasts.

Titanium and its alloys are the most popular biomaterials replacing hard tissues in implant surgeries. Clinicians are generally pleased by titanium mechanical properties and non-toxicity performances; on the other hand, there have been reported several cases of titanium implantation failure, phenomenon explained sometimes as "non adherence of human tissue to the metallic surface." Yet, researchers reported that titanium surfaces are favorable for osteoblasts adhesion.