How Do Maternal Gestational Diabetes and Other Concomitant Maternal Factors Determine the Perinatal Outcomes of Pregnancy?-A Retrospective Analysis.

Objectives: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with an increased risk of both neonatal and maternal morbidity. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the frequency of perinatal complications due to GDM in the Department of Neonatology at the Medical University of Wroclaw, Poland, considering the treatment of GDM-diet and physical activity versus insulin therapy. The influence of maternal comorbidities and the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnancy outcomes was assessed.

Impact of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Fetal Growth and Nutritional Status in Newborns.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most prevalent complications associated with pregnancy, exhibiting a gradual rise in prevalence worldwide. Given the potential for numerous short- and long-term complications for both mother and child, patients diagnosed with GDM require individualised treatment to compensate for metabolic abnormalities and ultimately reduce the risk of the known adverse consequences of impaired glucose tolerance.

Methods And Results: The manuscript presents a summary of the current knowledge on changes in maternal metabolism during physiological pregnancy and pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes.

Good practice in lactation counseling for Ukrainian refugee mothers to ensure the health and mental benefits of breastfeeding - an observational study.

Purpose: The study presents a cross-sectional analysis of the population of Ukrainian women who received maternity care in 11 Polish hospitals.

Methods: Multidirectional lactation counseling was implemented from March to November 2023 by the Human Milk Bank Foundation in cooperation with UNICEF Refugee Response Office in Poland. Medical data were collected using questionnaires prepared for the study.

Evaluation of Maternal Factors Affecting Postpartum Insulin Resistance Markers in Mothers with Gestational Diabetes-A Case-Control Study.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined by an insufficient insulin response to counteract the insulin resistance (IR) that arises from the physiological adaptations associated with pregnancy. However, the pathophysiology of IR is complex and unclear, as it encompasses elements such as epigenetics, environmental factors, modifiable lifestyle factors, and psychosocial factors.

Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of GDM and other maternal factors on IR markers in comparison to mothers with normal glucose tolerance during pregnancy in the first week postpartum.

Does the Composition of Breast Milk in the First Week Postpartum Differ Due to Maternal Factors or Neonatal Birth Weight and Percent Fat Body Mass?

Background: The composition of breast milk is dependent on numerous factors. However, the precise impact of maternal health conditions on breast milk composition remains to be fully elucidated. Similarly, there is a paucity of evidence regarding the correlation between neonatal body composition and human milk.

Colostrum Lactoferrin Following Active and Recovered SARS-CoV-2 Infections during Pregnancy.

Lactoferrin (Lf), which is particularly abundant in human breast milk during the early stages of lactation, provides protection against a variety of infections, including viral infections, and has demonstrated activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The objective of this study was to measure the concentrations of Lf in the colostrum of mothers with active coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections during delivery, in mothers with a history of COVID-19 during pregnancy, and in non-infected controls. In this cross-sectional study, colostrum samples from 41 lactating mothers with a confirmed history of SARS-CoV-2 infection (asymptomatic or symptomatic) (both active and past infections) were collected.

Vegan/vegetarian diet and human milk donation: An EMBA survey across European milk banks.

The nutritional adequacy of human milk (HM) from vegan/vegetarian mothers has been a matter of debate, and a variety of recommendations regarding the eligibility of these mothers as human milk donors exists. According to the latest evidence, HM from vegans/vegetarians is similar in its composition to that from omnivores, however, some differences may be observed regarding vitamin B and omega-3 fatty acids concentrations. Maternal supplementation of these compounds has been proven effective in increasing their HM concentration.

Cerebral Oximetry Monitoring in Extremely Preterm Infants.

Background: The use of cerebral oximetry monitoring in the care of extremely preterm infants is increasing. However, evidence that its use improves clinical outcomes is lacking.

Methods: In this randomized, phase 3 trial conducted at 70 sites in 17 countries, we assigned extremely preterm infants (gestational age, <28 weeks), within 6 hours after birth, to receive treatment guided by cerebral oximetry monitoring for the first 72 hours after birth or to receive usual care.

Lactoferrin supplementation during pregnancy - a review of the literature and current recommendations.

Pregnancy is a period which requires special care and attention. Maintaining health during pregnancy helps to avoid birth related complications and is the best way of promoting a healthy birth. Besides a daily intake of folic acid, iron, iodine, vitamin D3 and A, calcium and polyunsaturated fatty-acids, as recommended by health agencies, supplementation of lactoferrin - a protein of multidirectional biological activity and proven safety of use - seems to be beneficial.

Effects of Early versus Standard Central Line Removal on the Growth of Preterm Infants with Very Low Birth Weight: A Non-Inferiority, Randomized Clinical Trial.

Very preterm infants are usually supported by parenteral nutrition delivered through central lines (CLs) while progressing with enteral intake, although the optimal time point for their removal is unclear. This study evaluated the impact of the CL discontinuation time on the short-term growth outcomes of preterm infants. A non-inferiority, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial was conducted in four neonatal intensive care units in Poland.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Pregnancy: Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes and Placental Pathology Correlations.

There is accumulating evidence on the perinatal aspects of COVID-19, but available data are still insufficient. The reports on perinatal aspects of COVID-19 have been published on a small group of patients. Vertical transmission has been noted.

Antibodies in the breastmilk of COVID-19 recovered women.

Objective: Human milk contains antibodies against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which may serve as a protective factor through passive immunization in infants. The objective of this study was to measure the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA in human milk and serum after a SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Design: Breast milk and serum samples from 72 lactating mothers with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic or symptomatic infection were collected 1-229 days after the onset of clinical symptoms related to COVID-19.

Impact of gestational diabetes and other maternal factors on neonatal body composition in the first week of life: a case-control study.

Objectives: Newborns of diabetic mothers are at increased risk of abnormal nutritional status at birth, thus developing metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anthropometric measurements and body composition of newborns born to mothers with gestational diabetes in comparison to newborns born to mothers with normal glucose tolerance in pregnancy, in the first week of their life. Maternal factors affecting the gestational period were also evaluated.

A Randomized, Controlled Trial to Investigate the Efficacy of Nebulized Poractant Alfa in Premature Babies with Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of nebulized poractant alfa (at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses) delivered in combination with nasal continuous positive airway pressure compared with nasal continuous positive airway pressure alone in premature infants with diagnosed respiratory distress syndrome.

Study Design: This randomized, controlled, multinational study was conducted in infants at 28 to 32 weeks of gestation. The primary outcome was the incidence of respiratory failure in the first 72 hours of life, defined as needing endotracheal surfactant and/or mechanical ventilation owing to prespecified criteria.

COVID-19 in pregnancy, management and outcomes among pregnant women and neonates - results from tertiary care center in Wroclaw.

Objectives: A novel coronavirus - SARS CoV-2 - outbreak has, for sure, been the greatest medical challenge in recent years. The maternal and neonatal consequences of the infection are still largely unknown.

Material And Methods: This prospective study aims to describe the perinatal care and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 positive pregnant women and their newborn infants during the third wave of the pandemic, in a large tertiary university center in Wroclaw/Poland from 15 February to 1 May 2021.

Prenatal and Postnatal Manifestations of Congenital Chloride Diarrhea Due to a Heterozygote Variant of the Gene: A Case Report.

Congenital chloride diarrhea (CCD) is caused by a recessive mutation in the gene and characterized mainly by watery diarrhea, hypochloremia and metabolic alkalosis. Various different mutations in are responsible for the disease. In the prenatal period, the symptoms of CCD may include polyhydramnios, preterm labor and abdominal distension.

Relationship between AB0 blood groups and selected pregnancy conditions and neonatal diseases.

The influence of the blood group on the occurrence and severity of diseases has aroused the curiosity of scientists for many years. The AB0 group system is the best known and described blood group system. It is also the only system whose antibodies are constantly present in the blood serum.

Perinatalna opieka paliatywna realizowana w oddziale położniczym i neonatologicznym we współpracy z hospicjum dla dzieci - doświadczenia własne.

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Infection of ST1 Producing SHV-12 in a Premature Infant Born from Triplet Pregnancy.

can cause severe life-threatening invasive infections in neonates, with a high mortality rate mostly associated with powdered infant formula consumption. The study describes a fatal infection in premature infant fed only with expressed human milk. Despite the identification of etiological factor from patient's blood, the epidemiological investigation, including mother's skin, hospital surfaces, milk expressing devices, and milk samples, did not show bacterial contamination.

The link between knowledge of the maternal diet and breastfeeding practices in mothers and health workers in Poland.

Background: There are multiple misconceptions concerning the breastfeeding mother's diet and its adverse impact on breast milk composition and the breastfed child's health, which might lead to breastfeeding cessation. Although prophylactic maternal dietary restrictions are not recommended, mothers all over the world are often recommended to avoid certain foods, due to cultural beliefs, social pressure and even outdated or ambiguous medical recommendations. In Poland, there is no systematic approach to breastfeeding education in the form of nationwide educational programs for particular social groups.

Extremely Preterm Infant Admissions Within the SafeBoosC-III Consortium During the COVID-19 Lockdown.

To evaluate if the number of admitted extremely preterm (EP) infants (born before 28 weeks of gestational age) differed in the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of the SafeBoosC-III consortium during the global lockdown when compared to the corresponding time period in 2019. This is a retrospective, observational study. Forty-six out of 79 NICUs (58%) from 17 countries participated.

Immune Response to Vaccination against COVID-19 in Breastfeeding Health Workers.

Background: Initially, there were no data on the safety of COVID-19 vaccines in lactating women. The aim of our study was to evaluate the immune response to COVID-19 vaccinations in breastfeeding women.

Methods: The study included 32 breastfeeding women who, regardless of the study, had decided to be vaccinated.

Pneumocystis jirovecii Colonization in Preterm Newborns With Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

We describe the prevalence of Pneumocystis jirovecii in mother-infant pairs of very low birth weight newborns <32 weeks gestation. Molecular and microscopic methods were used for detection of P. jirovecii in patients' specimens.

Dose Effect of Poractant Alfa in Neonatal RDS: Analysis of Combined Data from Three Prospective Studies.

To evaluate the effect of the initial dose of poractant alfa on clinical outcomes in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and to assess adherence to treatment guidelines recommending a dose of 200 mg/kg. Records of neonates who received poractant alfa with a less invasive technique (LISA) or with the INtubate-SURfactant-Extubate (INSURE) technique were retrieved from the aggregated datasets of three prospective RDS studies conducted between 2015 and 2019. The impact of poractant dose on neonatal outcomes was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.

Impact of refusal to vaccine in the neonatal period on the implementation of the vaccination calendar in the first year of life.

Introduction: The level of vaccination coverage with obligatory preparations in Poland reaches 98%. This is facilitated by the introduction of the Individual Vaccination Calendar (IVC) compliant with medical contraindications to vaccination.

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess whether the refusal of vaccinations after birth has an impact on the proper implementation of the vaccination calendar in the first year of life.