Temperature as a determining factor in the occurrence of Legionella sp. bacteria in hot water systems in hospitals and social welfare homes.

Introduction And Objective: Water in installations in hospitals and social welfare homes (SWHs) should meet the requirements of the Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the quality of water intended for human consumption and national regulations issued on its basis. At present, 60 species of bacteria of the genus Legionella sp. are known (of which 30 are considered as pathogenic for humans), and more than 80 serologic groups.

Strategies for coping with stress, emotional control and occupational burnout among surgical nurses.

Introduction And Objective: Nursing staff constitute 59% of the total number of health care workers worldwide - a total of 27.9 million people. The aim of the study is assessment of the prevalence of stress, including strategies for coping with stress, emotional control, and occupational burnout syndrome, as well as the effect of chronic stress on occupational burnout among surgical nurses.

Thermal radiation transferred to the guided modes of optical interference coatings.

An electromagnetic model is developed to predict the thermal radiation which is trapped in a multilayer structure and transferred to its guided modes. The theory is based on the electromagnetic power supplied by the thermal currents given by the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. The source of the radiation is the ambient temperature or that caused by the optical absorption of the component subjected to spatio-temporal illumination.

Development of Cilofexor, an Intestinally-Biased Farnesoid X Receptor Agonist, for the Treatment of Fatty Liver Disease.

The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a nuclear receptor that controls bile acid, lipid, and cholesterol metabolism. FXR-targeted drugs have shown promise in late-stage clinical trials for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Herein, we used clinical results from our first non-steroidal FXR agonist, 4-[2-[2-chloro-4-[[5-cyclopropyl-3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-4-isoxazolyl]methoxy]phenyl]cyclopropyl] benzoic acid (Px-102), to develop cilofexor, a potent, non-steroidal FXR agonist with a more manageable safety profile.

Photo-induced thermal radiation of optical interference coatings submitted to a spatio-temporal illumination.

We present an electromagnetic model for photo-induced thermal radiation in multi-layer interference filters subjected to arbitrary pulsed illumination with limited beam size. Numerical calculation is used to analyze various structures affecting thermal radiation, such as multi-dielectric mirrors in the mid-infrared range. Other zero-admittance structures are shown to strongly confine and enhance the thermal radiation with an emissivity close to unity at pre-defined frequencies (wavelength and angles).

Agreement between Accelerometer-Assessed and Self-Reported Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Female Breast Cancer Survivors.

An accurate quantitative assessment of physical activity and sedentary lifestyles enables a better understanding of their relationship with the health records of cancer survivors. The objective of this study was to compare the subjective and objective methods of physical activity measurement in female breast cancer survivors. Materials and methods: In total, 135 female breast cancer survivors at the Holycross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland, were included in this study.

Photo-induced temperature in optical interference coatings.

The photo-induced temperature in multilayer systems is calculated using an original analytical model based on optical/thermal analogies. Various illumination regimes are considered, ranging from ps pulses to a continuous regime, while taking into account a variable repetition rate. The temporal and spatial (3D) resolutions are quantified, and the distributions of temperature and stationary optical field are compared.

Presence of an Overhead Goal Does Not Improve the Effectiveness of Jump Training.

Akbaş, A, Marszałek, W, and Król, H. Presence of an overhead goal does not improve the effectiveness of jump training. J Strength Cond Res 37(4): e280-e288, 2023-This study investigated the effectiveness of jump training with and without an overhead goal (OG) on a modified countermovement jump (CMJ) tested in a similar manner, with and without OG.

Multipass lock-in thermography for the study of optical coating absorption.

The development of high-power lasers requires optics with very low absorption to avoid detrimental thermal effects. In this work, we discuss our recent developments on the use of lock-in thermography to measure absorption. We apply this technique in a multipass configuration to increase the effective power on the tested samples.

Two-year follow-up cohort study focused on gender-specific associations between socioeconomic status and body weight changes in overweight and obese middle-aged and older adults.

Objective: As overall spread of obesity in populations is generally acknowledged to result from unhealthy lifestyles rather than individual genetic makeup, this study aimed to gain specific insights into its determinants through assessing the prevalent associations between individual socioeconomic status (SES) and weight loss in overweight and obese men and women.

Methods: A prospective, 2-year follow-up study covered 3362 (38.0% men) respondents, aged 43-64 years, body mass index ≥25 kg/m.

Assessment of Age-Induced Changes in Body Fat Percentage and BMI Aided by Bayesian Modelling: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

Background: Loss of fat-free mass (FFM) and gain in body fat (BF) are the key disability risk factors, also instrumental in perpetuating already existing functional disorders. Obesity construed in terms of body mass index (BMI) values, in view of undesirable gain in BF, is a risk factor for cardio-metabolic disorders. Both detrimental processes clearly evidence a scope of involutionary changes characteristic of an aging population, also standing for one of its greatest burdens.

Competing Risks of Cancer and Non-Cancer Mortality When Accompanied by Lifestyle-Related Factors-A Prospective Cohort Study in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

Background: The study aimed to identify the association between the lifestyle-related factors and the cancer-specific, or non-cancer-specific mortality, when accompanied by a competing risk. Two statistical methods were applied, i.e.

The Structure of Selected Basic Acrobatic Jumps.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between the internal and external structure of basic acrobatic jumps. Eleven healthy elite artistic gymnasts (9 female, 2 male) participated in this study. Participants performed the following basic 'acrobatic' jumps: a tucked backward somersault (TS), a piked backward somersault (PS), and a countermovement jump (CMJ).

Facing COVID-19: Early Recognition and Triage Tool for Medical Treatment Facilities With Limited Resources.

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading all over the world. Health systems around the globe have to deal with decreased capabilities and exhausted resources because of the surge of patients. The need to identify COVID-19 patients to achieve a timely opportunity to treat and isolate them is an ongoing challenge for health care professionals everywhere.

Triage Decisions in the Context of COVID-19: Old Burden, New Challenge-The Structured Approach for Intensive Care Unit Triage (SAINT) Protocol.

Introduction: The medical treatment facilities (MTF) represent the equivalent of the healthcare system in the home countries, but they face the limitations of an outpost at the end of the supply chain. The capabilities are limited, and the necessary effort to extend the treatment capacity is tremendous. Algorithms based on scientific evidence or at least profound medical expertise are a tool to facilitate the decision-making process in triage under difficult circumstances.

A Two-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study-Improved Clinical Control over CVD Risk Factors through Weight Loss in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

Modest weight loss enhances clinical control over cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in overweight and obese individuals. This study aimed to assess the associations between individual weight loss and predefined criteria for clinical improvement in blood pressure, lipid levels, and glycemia. A two-year follow-up study involved 3388 (37.

Optimal cut-off values for anthropometric measures of obesity in screening for cardiometabolic disorders in adults.

Excessive accumulation of body fat (BF) promotes obesity, whilst posing a significant health hazard. There being no agreed, optimal quantifying methods, application of BF variable in clinical practice is not deemed an effective assessment option. The study, involving 4,735 patients (33.

Changes in survival of colorectal cancer patients in Świętokrzyskie Province (Southern Poland) from the second half of the 1990s to the early 21st century - a population-based study.

Introduction And Objectives: For years, the increase in cancer incidence and deaths has constituted a significant health and social problem. Variation in the burden in cancers in different regions of the world requires constant monitoring of the epidemiological situation in this regard. Assessing survival in cancer patients is a valuable source of information for patients and physicians alike, as well as for politicians who have a direct impact on the shaping of health policy and health systems.

Optimal Body Fat Percentage Cut-Off Values in Predicting the Obesity-Related Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study.

Background: Reliable obesity assessment is essential in evaluating the risk of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs). Non-availability of clearly defined cut-offs for body fat percentage (BF%), as well as a widespread application of surrogate measures for obesity assessment, may result in incorrect prediction of cardio-metabolic risk.

Purpose: The study aimed to determine optimal cut-off points for BF%, with a view of predicting the CRFs related to obesity.

Age-Dependent Disparities in the Prevalence of Single and Clustering Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide; with age acknowledged as an independent cardiovascular risk factor (CRF) in adults. Appreciating the association between age and classic CRFs is believed to boost all potential benefits of prevention.

Purpose: Assessment of the prevalence of single and clustered CRFs and their association with age.

Validation of two methods to measure posterior tilt in femoral neck fractures.

Introduction: Posterior tilt of the femoral head in femoral neck fractures (FNF) may influence stability of the fracture and may therefore affect the treatment outcome. Posterior tilt can be measured with different methods. The Lateral Garden Angle (LGA) has been used for this purpose for decades and more recently the Posterior Tilt Measurement (PTM) was introduced.

WHO recommendations on physical activity versus compliance rate within a specific urban population as assessed through IPAQ survey: a cross-sectional cohort study.

Objective: The study was designed to address the following three key areas, that is, (1) evaluate overall level of physical activity in the residents of a mid-sized, Central-European city, (2) compliance level with WHO's recommendations on physical activity in leisure time and (3) actual impact of select socioeconomic factors on the physical activity level within the study population.

Methods: Assessment of the source data collected for 4619 participants (1532 men and 3087 women, aged 45-65 years; mean age 56.41±5.

Effect of Barbell Weight on the Structure of the Flat Bench Press.

Król, H and Gołaś, A. Effect of barbell weight on the structure of the flat bench press. J Strength Cond Res 31(5): 1321-1337, 2017-In this study, we have used the multimodular measuring system SMART.

Identifying predictive motor factors for falls in post-menopausal breast cancer survivors.

Objective: Breast cancer treatment, including radical surgery, is also pursued as late as the 7th - 8th decade of women's lives. Standard physical rehabilitation procedures offered to those women are predominantly focused on attenuating specific functional deficits of the upper limb and trunk. Seldom do they entail any regimens specifically aimed at recovering overall functionality, and reducing exposure to falls-risk.