[Production of nitric oxide metabolites during transplanted tumors growth with different metastatic potential].

The endogenous formation of metabolites of NO - nitrite (NI), nitrates (NA) and volatile nitrosamines in the body, tumor tissue and by abdominal cavity by macrophages for dynamics was investigated in mice F1(C57BlxCBA), Balb/c and BDF with subcutaneous transplanted tumors (Erlich carcinoma - EC and metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma - LLC). It was shown that growth of EC was accompanied by a statistically significant increase in the concentrations of NI and NA in tumor tissue to (7.3±4.

[Investigation of the content of carcinogenic compounds in commercial smoked fish].

The authors performed investigations of the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) (n = 17) and their nitro derivatives (n = 5) in commercial cold and hot smoked herrings and greenlings. The level of benz(a)pyrene in all fish samples was found to be well below the current sanitary and hygienic limits. The concentration of N-nitrosoamines in cold smoked fish was slightly below that in hot smoked one.

[Carcinogenic components of smokeless tobacco and tobacco-free cigarettes].

The investigation deals with an assessment of carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of samples of smokeless tobacco now on the Russian market as well as ash from alternative cigarettes made of aromatic herbs. Our data showed that the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile and tobacco-specific N-nitrosoamines complied with the standards in the producer-countries. Smokeless tobacco extracts failed to show (Ames) any mutagenic effects such as the "read-out frame shift" or "base-pair replacement" patterns.

[Content of N-nitrosamines in smoked fish and canned food].

The composition and contents of major N-nitrosoamines (NA) in the edible part of herrings and rock trouts exposed to hot and cold smoking and in the Smoked fish in oil type cans were studied. Among NA, only N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) were detected in all samples. In the cold-smoked fish, the levels of NDMA and NDEA were higher than in the hot smoked fish and cans.

[Study of carcinogenic hazards of smoking kiln waste fumes].

The disperse phase of waste fumes forming during cold and hot fish smoking was studied by distributing the particles into 6 fractions and determining benz(a)pyrene (BP) in them. The level of BP in less than 2.5 mu was shown to be 85% whether smoking was hot or cold.

[Characterization of the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the cold- and hot-smoked fish].

The carcinogenic danger of the commercial smoked herring was assessed. The edible part of the smoked herring contains 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons whose bulk consists of phenanthrene, pyrene, floranthene, and benzo(b)fluoranthene. The content of benzo(a)pyrene (BP) in the cold and hot smoked herring are 189 and 291 ng/kg, respectively.

[Urban air pollution by carcinogenic N-nitrosamines].

Moscow is used as an example to discuss the problem of urban atmospheric pollution by carcinogenic N-nitrosamines. An analytical method is proposed, which is based on the use of a Russian gas chromatograph compatible with a chemiluminescence detector, that is a TEA thermal energy analyzer (USA) having some modifications to reduce the time of analysis and loss during sample pretreatment. The minimal detected concentration is 3 ng/m3 for 2-hour sampling.

[Carcinogenic N-nitrosamines in the tire industry].

The level of volatile carcinogenic N-nitrosamines (NA) was studied in the air of various technological sites of tyre production. Reported total levels of NA in air exceeded MACs set in certain countries for the same enterprises. For example, German total MAC for 12 carcinogenic NA is 1 g/m3.

[Effect of purified sewage on the composition of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil and vegetation].

Concentrations of benz(a)pyrene (BP) and 15 other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in soil with forage plants (lucerne) irrigated by biologically purified mixed domestic and industrial (coke-chemical) sewage from collection pond did not exceed those in control soil (irrigated by relatively clean fresh water) and were lower than in nonirrigated one, which is due, probably, to PAH oxidation by soil-proper microflora activated in humid soil polluted by PAH. BP content in control and experimental samples of lucerne coincide within +/- 25% limits.

[Results of a cytogenetic analysis of the peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients at different times after radiation therapy (up to 9 years)].

A study was made of the changes in the chromosome apparatus of peripheral blood leukocytes after radiotherapy of patients with uterine cervix cancer (a cumulative dose 70-90 Gy). Cells with the chromosome apparatus lesions and total amount of chromosome aberrations were intensively eliminated during the first 3-5 years following irradiation. Later (up to 7-9 years) their level stabilized to be 5-6 times higher than the control.