[The possibilities of a dosage form with the active substance acylsarcosinate and sucrose laurate, in the implementation of the issue of cerumenolysis. Literature review].

The observed increase in cases of earwax plugs in patients, as well as the variety of methods of their removal using agents with different cerumenolysis activity, emphasize the need to search for the most modern and multifunctional otolaryngological preparations with proven efficacy. Based on the results of the analysis and generalization of literature sources on the treatment and prevention of ear sulfur plugs, presented in specialized publications in the Russian scientific eLibrary and scientific databases MedLine, Web of Science, Scopus, the need to optimize treatment methods and preventive measures has been identified. In this regard, it is recommended to widely use the preparation A-Cerumen Plus as one of the most progressive means.

Prevalence of opisthorchiid and other endoparasitic infections among cats and dogs in Novosibirsk oblast (Western Siberia, Russia).

To determine the current reservoir status and prevalence of Opisthorchis felineus infection in opisthorchiosis-endemic areas, feces samples were collected from 103 cats and 101 dogs admitted to shelters or discount sterilization centers from various districts of Novosibirsk city and from villages and towns along the Ob River (Novosibirsk Oblast). The feces samples were evaluated using two methods simultaneously: the formalin-ether sedimentation assay and a modified flotation assay. The prevalence of opisthorchiid infection was higher among cats (12.

Coronaviruses () of bats in the northern Caucasus and south of western Siberia.

Introduction: Bats are natural reservoirs of coronaviruses (), which have caused three outbreaks of human disease SARS, MERS and COVID-19 or SARS-2 over the past decade. The purpose of the work is to study the diversity of coronaviruses among bats inhabiting the foothills and mountainous areas of the Republics of Dagestan, Altai and the Kemerovo region.

Materials And Methods: Samples of bat oral swabs and feces were tested for the presence of coronavirus RNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Involvement of bacteria in the development of fungal infections in the Colorado potato beetle.

Entomopathogenic fungi may interact with insects' symbiotic bacteria during infection. We hypothesized that topical infection with Beauveria bassiana may alter the microbiota of the Colorado potato beetle (CPB) and that these modifications may alter the course of mycoses. We used a model with two concentrations of conidia: (1) high concentration that causes rapid (acute) pathogenesis with fast mortality followed by bacterial decomposition of insects; (2) lower concentration that leads to prolonged pathogenesis ending in conidiation on cadavers.

[Phage therapy in overcoming antibiotic resistance in chronic rhinosinusitis].

Unlabelled: The relevance of the study is due to the observed increase in antibiotic resistance of the main pathogens of chronic rhinosinusitis.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of phage therapy in the complex treatment of exacerbations of chronic rhinosinusitis.

Material And Methods: The study included 55 patients with a verified diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis and a history of periodic exacerbations throughout the year, hospitalized at the St.

A Diet with Amikacin Changes the Bacteriobiome and the Physiological State of and Causes Its Resistance to .

Environmental pollution with antibiotics can cause antibiotic resistance in microorganisms, including the intestinal microbiota of various insects. The effects of low-dose aminoglycoside antibiotic (amikacin) on the resident gut microbiota of , its digestion, its physiological parameters, and the resistance of this species to bacteria were investigated. Here, 16S rDNA analysis revealed that the number of non-dominant bacteria in the eighteenth generation of the wax moth treated with amikacin was increased 73 fold compared to , the dominant bacteria in the native line of the wax moth.

Links between Soil Bacteriobiomes and Fungistasis toward Fungi Infecting the Colorado Potato Beetle.

Entomopathogenic fungi can be inhibited by different soil microorganisms, but the effect of a soil microbiota on fungal growth, survival, and infectivity toward insects is insufficiently understood. We investigated the level of fungistasis toward and in soils of conventional potato fields and kitchen potato gardens. Agar diffusion methods, 16S rDNA metabarcoding, bacterial DNA quantification, and assays of survival in soils inoculated with fungal conidia were used.

Academ Virus, a Novel Hantavirus in the Siberian Mole () from Russia.

To date, six hantavirus species have been detected in moles (family Talpidae). In this report, we describe Academ virus (ACDV), a novel hantavirus harbored by the Siberian mole () in Western Siberia. Genetic analysis of the complete S-, M-, and partial L-genomic segments showed that ACDV shared a common evolutionary origin with Bruges virus, previously identified in the European mole (), and is distantly related to other mole-borne hantaviruses.

Geographic Distribution and Phylogeny of Soricine Shrew-Borne Seewis Virus and Altai Virus in Russia.

The discovery of genetically distinct hantaviruses (family ) in multiple species of shrews, moles and bats has revealed a complex evolutionary history involving cross-species transmission. Seewis virus (SWSV) is widely distributed throughout the geographic ranges of its soricid hosts, including the Eurasian common shrew (), tundra shrew () and Siberian large-toothed shrew (), suggesting host sharing. In addition, genetic variants of SWSV, previously named Artybash virus (ARTV) and Amga virus, have been detected in the Laxmann's shrew ().

Fungus Metarhizium robertsii and neurotoxic insecticide affect gut immunity and microbiota in Colorado potato beetles.

Fungal infections and toxicoses caused by insecticides may alter microbial communities and immune responses in the insect gut. We investigated the effects of Metarhizium robertsii fungus and avermectins on the midgut physiology of Colorado potato beetle larvae. We analyzed changes in the bacterial community, immunity- and stress-related gene expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and detoxification enzyme activity in response to topical infection with the M.

Geographical distribution and hosts of the cestode Paranoplocephala omphalodes (Hermann, 1783) Lühe, 1910 in Russia and adjacent territories.

Paranoplocephala omphalodes is a widespread parasite of voles. Low morphological variability within the genus Paranoplocephala has led to erroneous identification of P. omphalodes a wide range of definitive hosts.

[The question about the topical antibiotic therapy of acute rhinosinusitis].

Presented the results of the clinical study of 30 patients with moderate rhinosinusitis (13 (43.3%) men, 17 (56.7%) women, age from 18 to 68 years).

Parasitoid envenomation alters the Galleria mellonella midgut microbiota and immunity, thereby promoting fungal infection.

Gut bacteria influence the development of different pathologies caused by bacteria, fungi and parasitoids in insects. Wax moth larvae became more susceptible to fungal infections after envenomation by the ectoparasitoid Habrobracon hebetor. In addition, spontaneous bacterioses occurred more often in envenomated larvae.

Variability of whipworm infection and humoral immune response in a wild population of mole voles (Ellobius talpinus Pall.).

Restricted mobility and spatial isolation of social units in gregarious subterranean mammals ensure good defence mechanisms against parasites, which in turn allows for a reduction of immunity components. In contrast, a parasite invasion may cause an increased adaptive immune response. Therefore, it can be expected that spatial and temporal distribution of parasites within a population will correlate with the local variability in the host's immunocompetence.

Reappraisal of Hydatigera taeniaeformis (Batsch, 1786) (Cestoda: Taeniidae) sensu lato with description of Hydatigera kamiyai n. sp.

The common cat tapeworm Hydatigera taeniaeformis is a complex of three morphologically cryptic entities, which can be differentiated genetically. To clarify the biogeography and the host spectrum of the cryptic lineages, 150 specimens of H. taeniaeformis in various definitive and intermediate hosts from Eurasia, Africa and Australia were identified with DNA barcoding using partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene sequences and compared with previously published data.

URGENT X-RAY DIAGNOSTICS OF INTRACRANIAL PYOINFLAMMATORY OTORHINOSINUSOGENIC COMPLICATIONS.

An analysis of the results of X-ray CT and MR-imaging was made in 46 patients aged from 13 to 78 years old. The patients were admitted to multifield hospitals in Kursk at the period from 2005 to 2015. The research included the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, mastoid and pyramid of the temporal bones and the brain.

COOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF NEUROSURGEON AND OTOLARYNGOLOGIST IN TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH OTORHINOGENIC SUPPURATIVE-INFAMMATORY BRAIN DISEASES.

This work analyzed 47 cases of oto- and rhinosinusogenic suppurative meningoencephalitis, abscesses and empyemas of the brain in children at the age from 3 months to 17 years old. The article presents the treatment strategy, results and the volume of diagnostic measures. On the basis of this research, the authors came to conclusion, that care of the children with otogenic and rhinosinusogenic suppurative diseases of the brain required an interdisciplinary approach and effective cooperation of a neurosurgeon, otolaryngologist, pediatrician, resuscitation specialist, infectionist and a clinical pharmacologist.

EPIDEMIOLOGIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF INTRACRANIAL OTO- AND RHINOSINUSOGENIC PYOINFLAMMATORY COMPLICATIONS IN RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

An analysis of demographic and epidemiologic situation was made in cases of otogenic and rhinosinusogenic intracranial complications on the area of 32 regions of Russian Federation at the period from 2009 to 2014. The state of ENT-service of examined subject is characterized by reduction of provision of during ENT-beds and lower level of hospitalization of population over indicated period. There was revealed a reliable correlated dependence of the main medical statistical indices from the intracranial complications with climatic and demographic factors, the rate of morbidity and activities of ENT-service in the area of this region.

[The specific clinical features of otogenic intracranial complications: the current views].

The objective of the present study was to elucidate the specific clinical features of otogenic intracranial complications (ICC) encountered in the current otorhinolaryngological practice. The work is based on the results of the retrospective analysis of 106 adult patients presenting with otogenic intracranial complications admitted for the treatment to multidisciplinary clinics of Sankt-Peterburg and Krasnoyarsk. Forty six (42.

Effects of parasites and antigenic challenge on metabolic rates and thermoregulation in northern red-backed voles (Myodes rutilus).

Perturbations in host energetics are considered to be an essential pathway for parasite impact on host fitness. However, direct estimations of parasite-induced variations in basal metabolic rates of vertebrate hosts have so far provided contradictory results. The energy requirements of immunity and other vital functions may be compromised in energy-demanding conditions in comparison to comfortable conditions; therefore, in our study performed on the wild red-backed vole, Myodes rutilus, we compared the values of indices that reflect metabolic and thermoregulatory responses to acute cooling in individuals that had been naturally infected by gut helminths or Ixodes persulcatus taiga ticks to individuals with no signs of infestation.

[FEATURES OF OTOGENIC INTRACRANIAL COMPLICATIONS AT THE PRESENT STAGE].

A retrospective analysis of treatment was made in 127 adult patients with acute and chronic otitis media complicated by suppurative-inflammatory pathology of the brain. Purulent meningitis was revealed in 52 (40.9%) of hospitalized patients.

[The modern epidemiological characteristics of oto- and rhinosinusogenic intracranial complications].

The objective of the present study was to survey epidemiology of oto- and rhinosinusogenic intracranial complications that are currently diagnosed at the territory of the Russian Federation. The work was based on the analysis of the official statistical reports together with the data obtained from the chief specialists responsible for the otorhinolaryngological services in 32 subjects of the Russian Federation during the period from 2009 to 2014. It was shown that the state of the otorhinolaryngological service in the period covered by the study was characterized by the reduction in the number of beds available for the patients presenting with ENT pathology by 14.

Genetic diversity of Echinococcus spp. in Russia.

In Russia, both alveolar and cystic echinococcoses are endemic. This study aimed to identify the aetiological agents of the diseases and to investigate the distribution of each Echinococcus species in Russia. A total of 75 Echinococcus specimens were collected from 14 host species from 2010 to 2012.

Seewis virus: phylogeography of a shrew-borne hantavirus in Siberia, Russia.

Background: Hantaviral antigens were originally reported more than 20 years ago in tissues of the Eurasian common shrew (Sorex araneus), captured in European and Siberian Russia. The recent discovery of Seewis virus (SWSV) in this soricid species in Switzerland provided an opportunity to investigate its genetic diversity and geographic distribution in Russia.

Methods: Lung tissues from 45 Eurasian common shrews, 4 Laxmann's shrews (Sorex caecutiens), 3 Siberian large-toothed shrews (Sorex daphaenodon), 9 pygmy shrews (Sorex minutus), 28 tundra shrews (Sorex tundrensis), and 6 Siberian shrews (Crocidura sibirica), captured in 11 localities in Western and Eastern Siberia during June 2007 to September 2008, were analyzed for hantavirus RNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.