Stable prevalence of transmitted drug resistance mutations and increased circulation of non-B subtypes in antiretroviral-naive chronically HIV-infected patients in 2015/2016 in France.

Objectives: We estimated the prevalence of transmitted-drug-resistance-associated mutations (TDRAMs) in antiretroviral-naive chronically HIV-1-infected patients.

Patients And Methods: TDRAMs were sought in samples from 660 diagnosed HIV-1-infected individuals in 2015/2016 in 33 HIV clinical centres. Weighted analyses, considering the number of patients followed in each centre, were used to derive representative estimates of the percentage of individuals with TDRAMs.

Prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance in treated patients with viral load >50 copies/mL: a 2014 French nationwide study.

Background: Surveillance of HIV-1 resistance in treated patients with a detectable viral load (VL) is important to monitor, in order to assess the risk of spread of resistant viruses and to determine the proportion of patients who need new antiretroviral drugs with minimal cross-resistance.

Methods: The HIV-1 protease and reverse transcriptase (RT) and integrase genes were sequenced in plasma samples from 782 consecutive patients on failing antiretroviral regimens, seen in 37 specialized centres in 2014. The genotyping results were interpreted using the ANRS v24 algorithm.

Clinical characteristics and outcome of respiratory syncytial virus infection among adults hospitalized with influenza-like illness in France.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyse characteristics and outcome of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in adults hospitalized with influenza-like illness (ILI).

Methods: Patients hospitalized with ILI were included in this prospective, multicentre study carried out in six French hospitals during three consecutive influenza seasons (2012-2015). RSV and other respiratory viruses were detected by multiplex PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs.

Hepatitis B infection in HIV-1-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy in Lomé, Togo: Prevalence and molecular consequences.

Background: No data are available on HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus coinfection in Togo, and patients are not routinely tested for HBV infection.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of HBV and the risk of HBV drug resistance during antiretroviral treatment in HIV-coinfected patients in Togo.

Method:  This cross-sectional study was carried out in Lomé, Togo, from January 2010 to December 2011 among HIV-infected patients who had been on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for at least 6 months.

Immunogenicity and Safety of Influenza Vaccine in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Treated or not with Immunomodulators and/or Biologics: A Two-year Prospective Study.

Background And Aims: Data on the efficacy and safety of seasonal influenza vaccines in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain scarce. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of immunosuppressive (IS) therapeutics on serological response to 2-year influenza vaccination in IBD adults.

Methods: A multicentre prospective study performed in 255 IBD adults (18-64 years) receiving the trivalent influenza vaccine in the years 2009-2010 and 2010-2011.

Factors associated with humoral immune response to pandemic A/H1N1(v) 2009 influenza vaccine in cystic fibrosis.

Influenza vaccination is recommended in cystic fibrosis patients. The objective of this study was to assess the immunogenicity of vaccination against 2009 pandemic A/H1N1 influenza and to study the factors associated with the immune response in patients with cystic fibrosis. 122 patients with cystic fibrosis were enrolled in a prospective study and received 1 dose of 2009/H1N1v adjuvanted vaccine, or for children <2 years and lung-transplanted patients, two doses of non-adjuvanted 2009/H1N1v vaccine administered 21 days apart.

Characterization of pandemic influenza immune memory signature after vaccination or infection.

The magnitude, quality, and maintenance of immunological memory after infection or vaccination must be considered for future design of effective influenza vaccines. In 2009, the influenza pandemic produced disease that ranged from mild to severe, even fatal, illness in infected healthy adults and led to vaccination of a portion of the population with the adjuvanted, inactivated influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine. Here, we have proposed a multiparameter quantitative and qualitative approach to comparing adaptive immune memory to influenza 1 year after mild or severe infection or vaccination.

Predictive factors of cytomegalovirus seropositivity among pregnant women in Paris, France.

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most frequent cause of congenital infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate predictive factors for CMV seronegativity in a cohort of pregnant women in Paris, France.

Methods: Pregnant women enrolled in a prospective cohort during the 2009 A/H1N1 pandemic were tested for CMV IgG antibodies.

Comparable humoral response after two doses of adjuvanted influenza A/H1N1pdm2009 vaccine or natural infection in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients.

Background: The present study evaluated immunogenicity and tolerance of two-dose influenza A/H1N1pdm09 vaccination in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients, and compared the vaccine-induced humoral response to that triggered by natural infection in another group of HSCT patients.

Methods: Adult allogeneic HSCT recipients vaccinated with two doses of influenza A/H1N1pdm09 vaccine, separated by 3 weeks, and patients with proven influenza A/H1N1pdm09 infection were included. Antibody responses were measured by hemagglutination-inhibition assay 1) on days 0, 21, 42 and 6 months after the first vaccine injection in vaccinated patients and 2) before pandemic and after influenza A/H1N1pdm09 infection, in patients presented natural infection.

Determinants of measles seroprevalence among pregnant women in Paris, France.

Non-immune pregnant women are at risk of severe measles. As the measles vaccination is contraindicated during pregnancy, women should be vaccinated before conception or during the postpartum period. Nevertheless, measles serology is not recommended during pregnancy in France, and there are no data available concerning measles susceptibility and its associated risk factors among pregnant women.

Clinical validation of IFNγ/IL-10 and IFNγ/IL-2 FluoroSpot assays for the detection of Tr1 T cells and influenza vaccine monitoring in humans.

The type of T cell polarization and simultaneous production of multiple cytokines have been correlated with vaccine efficacy. ELISpot is a T cell detection technique optimized for the measurement of a secreted cytokine at the single cell level. The FluoroSpot assay differs from ELISpot by the use of multiple fluorescent-labeled anticytokine detection antibodies, allowing optimal measurement of multiple cytokines.

National sentinel surveillance of transmitted drug resistance in antiretroviral-naive chronically HIV-infected patients in France over a decade: 2001-2011.

Objectives: As recommended by the French ANRS programme for the surveillance of HIV-1 resistance, we estimated the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) in antiretroviral-naive, chronically HIV-1-infected patients.

Methods: RAMs were sought in samples from 661 newly diagnosed HIV-1-infected patients in 2010/11 at 36 HIV clinical care centres. Weighted analyses were used to derive representative estimates of the percentage of patients with RAMs.

Longitudinal and integrative biomodeling of effector and memory immune compartments after inactivated influenza vaccination.

Most vaccines, including those against influenza, were developed by focusing solely on humoral response for protection. However, vaccination activates different adaptive compartments that might play a role in protection. We took advantage of the pandemic 2009 A(H1N1) influenza vaccination to conduct a longitudinal integrative multiparametric analysis of seven immune parameters in vaccinated subjects.

Measles immunity and measles vaccine acceptance among healthcare workers in Paris, France.

Background: In Europe, including France, a measles outbreak has been ongoing since 2008. Unprotected healthcare workers (HCWs) may contract and spread the infection to patients.

Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate HCWs' measles immunity and vaccine acceptance in our setting.

Low rate of pandemic A/H1N1 2009 influenza infection and lack of severe complication of vaccination in pregnant women: a prospective cohort study.

Background: In 2009, pregnant women were specifically targeted by a national vaccination campaign against pandemic A/H1N1 influenza virus. The objectives of the COFLUPREG study, initially set up to assess the incidence of serious forms of A/H1N1 influenza, were to assess the consequences of maternal vaccination on pregnancy outcomes and maternal seroprotection at delivery.

Methods: Pregnant women, between 12 and 35 weeks of gestation, non vaccinated against A/H1N1 2009 influenza were randomly selected to be included in a prospective cohort study conducted in three maternity centers in Paris (France) during pandemic period.

Twelve months of routine HIV screening in 6 emergency departments in the Paris area: results from the ANRS URDEP study.

Objective: In October 2009 the French National Authority for Health recommended that HIV testing be proposed at least once to all persons aged 15 to 70 years in all healthcare settings. We examined whether routine HIV screening with a rapid test in emergency departments (EDs) was feasible without dedicated staff, and whether newly diagnosed persons could be linked to care.

Methods: This one-year study started in December 2009 in 6 EDs in the Paris area, using the INSTI™ test.

Immunogenicity and safety of seasonal and 2009 pandemic A/H1N1 influenza vaccines for patients with autoimmune diseases: a prospective, monocentre trial on 199 patients.

Objectives: The 2009 pandemic A/H1N1 influenza outbreak represented a theoretical risk for patients with autoimmune diseases (AID), especially those immunosuppressed. This study was undertaken to evaluate immunogenicity and tolerance of seasonal (SFV) and A/H1N1 flu vaccines (HFV) in AID patients.

Methods: This prospective, open, monocentre, vaccine phase-III study on 199 patients with AID (systemic necrotising vasculitides, progressive systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome and others), treated or not with immunosuppressants, was conducted from September 2009 to June 2010, to evaluate SFV and HFV efficacy and safety.

Cellular and humoral immunity elicited by influenza vaccines in pediatric hematopoietic-stem cell transplantation.

Immunity induced by influenza vaccines following hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) is poorly understood. Here, 14 pediatric recipients (mean age: 6 years) received H1N1 (n=9) or H1N1/H3N2 (n=5) vaccines at a median of 5.7 months post-HSCT (HLA-identical related bone-marrow graft: 10/14).

Protective effect of A/H1N1 vaccination in immune-mediated disease--a prospectively controlled vaccination study.

Objectives: To assess the 2009 influenza vaccine A/H1N1 on antibody response, side effects and disease activity in patients with immune-mediated diseases.

Methods: Patients with RA, SpA, vasculitis (VAS) or CTD (n = 149) and healthy individuals (n = 40) received a single dose of adjuvanted A/H1N1 influenza vaccine. Sera were obtained before vaccination, and 3 weeks, 6 weeks and 6 months thereafter.

[Measles and pregnancy].

Because of insufficient vaccine coverage, there is an outbreak of measles since 2008 in France with an increasing incidence of cases, most of them among children less than 1 year old or young adults. When measles occurs during pregnancy, maternal and fetal morbidity is increased. Particularly pregnant women are exposed to a higher risk of severe respiratory distress that might cause death.

Efficacy and safety of the H1N1 monovalent vaccine in renal-transplant recipients and dialysis patients.

Background: The (H1N)1v influenza virus infection emerged in 2009 as a serious disease in targeted populations. Herein, we report on the tolerability and efficacy of (anti-H1N1)v vaccination in dialysis and transplant patients.

Methods: 18 renal-transplant recipients (RTR) and 19 dialysis patients (DP) [12 patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PDP), 7 patients treated with haemodialysis (HDP)] were enrolled.

Factors influencing the efficacy of two injections of a pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) nonadjuvanted vaccine in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: To assess the factors influencing the efficacy of 2 injections of a pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) vaccine in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: We conducted a single-center, observational prospective study of 111 patients who were vaccinated with a monovalent, inactivated, nonadjuvanted, split-virus vaccine during December 2009 and January 2010 and received a second dose of vaccine 3 weeks later. The antibody response was evaluated using the hemagglutination inhibition assay according to the guidelines recommended for the pandemic vaccine, consisting of 3 immunogenicity criteria (i.

Immunogenicity and safety of the influenza A H1N1v 2009 vaccine in cancer patients treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or targeted therapy: the VACANCE study.

Background: Influenza vaccination is recommended to cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, but vaccine coverage remains low. During the 2009 influenza pandemic, French recommendations were to vaccinate immunocompromised patients with two doses of adjuvanted vaccine. This study aimed to evaluate vaccine immunogenicity in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.

Increasing prevalence of transmitted drug resistance mutations and non-B subtype circulation in antiretroviral-naive chronically HIV-infected patients from 2001 to 2006/2007 in France.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance mutations and non-B subtype circulation in antiretroviral-naive chronically HIV-1-infected patients in France.

Methods: Resistance mutations were sought in samples from 530 newly diagnosed HIV-1-infected patients from October 2006 to March 2007. Protease and reverse transcriptase mutations were identified from the 2007 Stanford Resistance Surveillance list.