Spinal accessory nerve transfer for shoulder abduction has no benefit over supraclavicular exploration and nerve grafting in brachial plexus birth injury: a systematic review.

Introduction: Brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) has an incidence of 0.9 per 1,000 live births in the population. Techniques for repair classically include supraclavicular exploration and nerve grafting (SENG) and more recently nerve transfer, namely of the spinal accessory nerve (SAN) to the suprascapular nerve (SSN) to improve functional outcomes such as glenohumeral abduction and external rotation.

Intercostal Nerve Transfer for Biceps Reinnervation in Obstetrical Brachial Plexus Palsy: A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis for Individual Patient Data Systematic Review using Individualized Fusion and Comparison to Supraclavicular Exploration and Nerve Grafting.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to search existing literature on nerve reconstruction surgery in patients with obstetric brachial plexus palsy to determine whether treatment with supraclavicular exploration and nerve grafting produced better elbow flexion outcomes compared to intercostal nerve transfer.

Methods: This study was a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis for Individual Patient Data guidelines. A systematic search was conducted using multiple databases.

The Association of Mental Illness With Outcomes of Emergency Surgery for Bowel Obstruction.

Introduction: Bowel obstruction is one of the most common surgical emergencies. The management of SBO is variable and influenced by numerous confounding factors. Recent studies have identified mental health as a health disparity that affects surgical outcomes.

Trends of Age and Geographical Location in Microsurgical Treatment of Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy.

Background: Debate over the optimal age at time of surgery for treatment of brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) remains controversial, and there exists geographical varia- tion in surgical preference for age at time of surgery. The objective of this review was to analyze trends in age and geography in brachial plexus microsurgery for treatment of brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) over time.

Methods: Review of the literature in this study was con- ducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Sys- tematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.

Association of hospital factors and socioeconomic status with the utilization of minimally invasive surgery for colorectal cancer over a decade.

Background: Surgical resection is a mainstay of treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC). Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has been shown to have improved outcomes compared to open procedures for colorectal malignancy. While use of MIS has been increasing, there remains large variability in its implementation at the hospital and patient level.

Effects of tumor necrosis factor on viral replication and pulmonary inflammation during acute mouse adenovirus type 1 respiratory infection.

CD8 T cells contribute to effective clearance of mouse adenovirus type 1 (MAV-1) and to virus-induced pulmonary inflammation. We characterized effects of a CD8 T cell effector, TNF, on MAV-1 pathogenesis. TNF inhibited MAV-1 replication in vitro.

Age-Dependent Effects of Immunoproteasome Deficiency on Mouse Adenovirus Type 1 Pathogenesis.

Acute respiratory infection with mouse adenovirus type 1 (MAV-1) induces activity of the immunoproteasome, an inducible form of the proteasome that shapes CD8 T cell responses by enhancing peptide presentation by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I. We used mice deficient in all three immunoproteasome subunits (triple-knockout [TKO] mice) to determine whether immunoproteasome activity is essential for control of MAV-1 replication or inflammatory responses to acute infection. Complete immunoproteasome deficiency in adult TKO mice had no effect on MAV-1 replication, virus-induced lung inflammation, or adaptive immunity compared to C57BL/6 (B6) controls.