Disseminated Cytomegalovirus Infection in a Child with Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is well known in post-transplant immunocompromised children. However, the incidence in non-transplant patients is significantly less, and only scarce case reports are available in the literature regarding CMV disease in children with solid tumors. We present a 3-year-old male child with multisystem refractory Langerhans cell histiocytosis, who had very high CMV viremia and disseminated CMV infection with secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and was successfully treated without organ damage and sequelae.

Vitamin B12 deficiency presenting as pancytopenia and retinopathy in a young boy-Helicobacter pylori, a novel causative agent.

Deficiency of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is a well-known cause of megaloblastic anaemia. It is a reversible cause of bone marrow failure and demyelinating nervous system disorder, hence early detection and prompt treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency is essential. After diagnosing vitamin B12 deficiency, tracking down its root cause is important in individualising the treatment approach.

Streptococcal Toxic Shock syndrome.

Streptococcal Toxic Shock syndrome (STSS) is a serious complication caused by exotoxins of Group A Streptococcus (GAS). It presents with fulminant shock and rash, is rapidly progressive with Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) and requires aggressive therapy with fluids, antibiotics and source control.