[Second and further lines treatment options for locally advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma].

The treatment of locally advanced, inoperable or metastatic kidney tumors is a dynamically changing field of oncology. Since the registration of the first targeted therapeutic product (2005), more and more new products have been internationally accepted and registered almost every year. The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors and their inclusion in care algorithms (2015) further expanded the therapeutic possibilities.

[Multicentric Hungarian results of cabozantinib therapy in patients with metastatic kidney cancer based on real-world data].

The aim of our analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of cabozantinib in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Cabozantinib therapy initiated between 01/01/2019 and 31/12/2022 was evaluated based on a retrospective review of data from 14 renal centers in Hungary. The starting dose was 60 or 40 mg.

[The first experience in Hungary with split-course multimodal treatment in high risk bladder cancer].

Összefoglaló. Az izominvazív vagy nagyon nagy kockázatú, felületes hólyagdaganatok kezelésének arany standardja a radikális húgyhólyag-eltávolítás (cystectomia). Válogatott betegek esetében hasonló hatékonyságú kezelés lehet az osztott dózisú (split-course) trimodális terápia, az endoszkópos tumorreszekció és a kemoirradiáció megszakított ciklusokkal történő alkalmazása.

[Immunotherapy in advanced urothelial cancer].

Cisplatin containing chemotherapy has proven benefit for muscle-invasive locally advanced and metastatic urothelial cancer. The carboplatin based combinations are less effective in these settings. In most cases for the platinum based chemotherapy ineligible patients only the best supportive care could be given.

Low socioeconomic position is a risk factor for delay to treatment and mortality of testicular cancer patients in Hungary, a prospective study.

Background: In Hungary, the mortality rate for testicular germ cell cancer (TGCC) is 0,9/100000 which is significantly higher than the EU average. We prospectively evaluated the effect of socioeconomic position on patient delay and therapy outcomes.

Methods: Questionnaires on subjective social status (MacArthur Subjective Status Scale), objective socioeconomic position (wealth, education, and housing data), and on patient's delay were completed by newly diagnosed TGCC patients.

[Fertility preservation in testicular cancer patients].

Germ cell tumors of the testicle account for 1% of all tumors. Testicular cancer (TC) is the most common malignancy in men aged 15-35 years. Patients with TC have an excellent survival rate but often have not yet attempted to father children, and fertility is one of the main concerns of survivors, therefore it is important to preserve it.

Predictive Markers of First Line Pazopanib Treatment in Kidney Cancer.

Real-world evidence from clinical practices is fundamental for understanding the efficacy and tolerability of medicinal products. Patients with renal cell cancer were studied to gain data not represented by analyses conducted on highly selected patients participating in clinical trials. Our goal was to retrospectively collect data from patients with advanced renal tumours treated with pazopanib (PZ) to investigate the efficacy, frequency of side effects, and searching for predictive markers.

Sunitinib Rechallenge After Other Targeted Therapies in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: A Single-Center, Retrospective Study.

Background: Sunitinib is still one of the standard therapies in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Despite the benefit of sunitinib resistance will develop in the majority of patients. Most of them receive multiple sequential therapies during the course of disease.

ERG expression can predict the outcome of docetaxel combinedwith androgen deprivation therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitiveprostate cancer.

Background: Our study aimed to analyze the potential association between clinical parameters and ERG expression and the outcome of docetaxel chemotherapy among patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.

Patients And Methods: Fifty-five patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer were treated with docetaxel in addition to androgen deprivation therapy. Patient characteristics, clinical factors, and tumor expression of ERG by immunohistochemistry were analyzed with respect to therapeutic response and survival data.

Abiraterone acetate + prednisolone treatment beyond prostate specific antigen and radiographic progression in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients.

Objectives: To investigate the overall survival (OS) of chemotherapy refractory patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who were treated with abiraterone acetate + prednisolone (AA + P) beyond prostate specific antigen (PSA) and radiographic progression (PRP) until clinical progression in comparison to patients treated until PRP.

Methods: At our institute the AA + P treatment started in 2011 in an early-access protocol trial. In October 2012 AA became generally available.

Outcome of Restarted Sunitinib Treatment in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: a Retrospective Trial and Combined Case Reports from Literature.

In practice it is still not clear whether a drug holiday in sunitinib (Su) treatment can be safety, without impairing the overall outcome of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). The aim was to retrospectively evaluate the outcome in patients who restarted Su after an interruption of ≥3 months and a combined analysis of case studies from literature. From 556 patients treated between January 2006 and March 2016 a group of 38 patients were selected whose treatment was interrupted for other reasons than disease progression.

[Targeted treatment of renal cell carcinoma, treatment caused side-effects and side-effect management].

Until the past decade, therapeutic options for unresectable and/or metastatic renal cell carcinoma were limited. Renal cell carcinoma is generally resistant to conventional chemotherapy, and only a small percentage of patients with renal cell carcinoma benefit from cytokine treatment. Since 2005, the advances in target-based therapy and immunotherapy modalities have created a paradigm shift in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma.

[Immunotherapy of renal cell cancer].

The authors briefly highlight the results of targeted therapy and present new solutions in kidney cancer immunotherapy. The important checkpoint inhibitors (anti-CTLA-4, -PD-1 and -PD-L1/2) and their combinations, together with the combinations of targeted drugs and immunotherapy are discussed. The newest checkpoint agents, vaccination and pegylated interleukin-2 are also presented.

Early ototoxic changes in patients with germ cell tumor after first cycle of cisplatin-based therapy.

Objective: To prospectively examine early hearing damage detectable with distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) after the first cycle of cisplatin treatment of patients with testicular tumor.

Study Design: Both ears of 137 consecutive patients were examined at 0.75 to 8 kHz before (B) and after (A) the first cycle of cisplatin (dose: 100 mg/m / 5 days).

[Immunotherapy in the treatment of genitourinary cancers].

In this clinical review we provide information regarding advance and main achievements in the immunotherapy of genitourinary, particularly renal cell and prostate cancer. Nivolumab treatment became the new standard of care in locally advanced or metastatic renal cell cancer after failure on tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. Sipuleucel-T prolonged survival in patients with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer but had no effect on progression-free survival.

Synergistic Survival: A New Phenomenon Connected to Adverse Events of First-Line Sunitinib Treatment in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background: The aim was to assess the relationship between treatment efficacy and adverse events (AEs) for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma treated with first-line sunitinib.

Patients And Methods: 274 patients were treated with sunitinib (50 mg/d, 4-weeks-on and 2-weeks-off schedule). Physical and laboratory evaluations were done every sixth week.

[Detection of late ototoxic side effect of cisplatin by distortion otoacoustic emission (DPOAE)].

Cisplatin-based chemotherapy results in high cure rate in testicular cancer. The issue of toxicity is of special concern in young men with a probability of cure of at least 70-80% even in disseminated disease. As the literature shows, the ototoxic side effects of cisplatin have been studied mostly by conventional method.