Associations between vision impairment and vision-related interventions on crash risk and driving cessation: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To systematically investigate the associations between vision impairment and risk of motor vehicle crash (MVC) involvement, and evaluate vision-related interventions to reduce MVCs.

Design: Medline (Ovid), EMBASE and Global Health electronic databases were systematically searched from inception to March 2022 for observational and interventional English-language studies. Screening, data extraction and appraisals using the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tools were completed by two reviewers independently.

Barriers to healthcare for Australian autistic adults.

This study looked at how Australian autistic and non-autistic adults experience barriers to healthcare. We asked autistic and non-autistic adults to complete the Barriers to Healthcare Checklist Short-Form (BHC). We analysed data from 263 autistic adults and 70 non-autistic adults.

Development and feasibility of first- and third-person motor imagery for people with stroke living in the community.

Background: Impairment of arm movement occurs in up to 85% of people post-stroke, affecting daily living activities, and quality of life. Mental imagery effectively enhances hand and daily function in people with stroke. Imagery can be performed when people imagine themselves completing the movement or imagine another person doing it.

Workplace musculoskeletal problems in occupational therapy students.

Background: Workplace musculoskeletal disorders are the leading cause of morbidity and disability in the Australian workforce. Over one in five occupational therapists report workplace musculoskeletal disorders, with almost half reporting workplace musculoskeletal symptoms. In other health professions, students and novice clinicians (≤5 years practice) experience greater risk but little is known about occupational therapy students.

Associations between vision impairment and driving and the effectiveness of vision-related interventions: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Driving is one of the main modes of transport with safe driving requiring a combination of visual, cognitive and physical skills. With population ageing, the number of people living with vision impairment is set to increase in the decades ahead. Vision impairment may negatively impact an individual's ability to safely drive.

Population-Level Incidence and Use-Related Factors of Comfort and Orthopedic Accessories Among Older Vehicle Occupants in NSW, Australia.

The proportion of people aged 65 years and older regularly traveling in motor vehicles continues to grow worldwide. In a previous convenience sample, we observed many older people using comfort accessories when traveling in vehicles, and these may contribute to the known increased risk of injury in crashes among older people. In this study, we aimed to estimate population-level use of these devices and examine associations between demographic, health, and travel behavior factors and their use.

Independent Community Mobility and Driving Experiences of Adults on the Autism Spectrum: A Scoping Review.

Importance: Autistic adults face decreased community participation for employment, education, and social activities plus barriers to driving and transportation. However, little is known about their experiences of moving around community environments.

Objective: To explore contextual issues and experiences of independent community mobility and driving for autistic adults and to determine the modes of community mobility, regions studied, and methodologies used.

Developing community mobility and driving with youth on the autism spectrum: A psychosocial perspective.

Background: Youth on the autism spectrum face particular challenges with community mobility and driving, contributing to reduced community participation. Skill development may be uniquely shaped by complex interactions between autistic traits, psychosocial influences and community environments. Research to guide occupational therapy practice is sparse.

"In Their Own Time": Parents Gently Push Their Autistic Youth Towards Independent Community Mobility and Participation.

Autistic adults have decreased independence in community mobility and driving, which is associated with decreased participation in work, education and community participation. This is the first exploration of the development of community mobility, driving and participation skills over adolescence and emerging adulthood. Interviews with 15 mothers of autistic youth, capable of independence, were qualitatively analysed using grounded theory.

Frontal crash seat belt restraint effectiveness and comfort accessories used by older occupants.

Around a quarter of older occupants use some type of comfort or orthopedic aftermarket accessory on the vehicle seat while traveling in a vehicle. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of comfort accessories on the performance of the seat belt restraint system in a frontal crash in terms of potential injury implications for older occupants. Eight frontal sled tests (43 km/h, 32 ) were carried out on a deceleration sled fitted with a three-point lap-sash seat belt and a front passenger seat from a common Australian passenger car for each test.

Behind the Wheel: Process Evaluation of a Safe-Transport Program for Older Drivers Delivered in a Randomized Controlled Trial.

This process evaluation explores relationships between program outcomes and intervention implementation in a trial evaluating "Behind the Wheel," an education-based safe-transport program for older drivers. Participants (intervention group) were 190 Sydney drivers aged ⩾75 years ( = 80 ± 4years). Process measures included fidelity, dose delivered, and received.

Work-related musculoskeletal problems related to laboratory training in university medical science students: a cross sectional survey.

Background: Work-related musculoskeletal problems impact everyday function, working ability, and quality of life. Unaddressed musculoskeletal problems can lead to major injury and loss of function, contributing to participation restrictions, economic loss and the increasing burden of disease worldwide. Medical science laboratory technicians are not immune with reported work-related musculoskeletal problems between 40 and 80%.

Understanding the implementation and efficacy of a home-based strength and balance fall prevention intervention in people aged 50 years or over with vision impairment: a process evaluation protocol.

Background: A nested process evaluation, within a randomised controlled trial, will explore relationships between program outcomes and quality of intervention implementation of the Lifestyle-Integrated Functional Exercise Program in older people with vision impairment. The Lifestyle-Integrated Functional Exercise Program is a home-based strength and balance program that has been shown to reduce falls in high risk populations. A pilot study showed positive trends in improvements in physical function in older people with vision impairment after participation in the program.

Sex differences evident in self-reported but not objective measures of driving.

It has been consistently reported that women self-regulate their driving more than men. Volunteer drivers aged 75 years and older from the suburban outskirts of Sydney, Australia joined a longitudinal study in 2012-2014. GPS in-vehicle monitoring was used to objectively measure driving and surveys of driving patterns.

Perils of using speed zone data to assess real-world compliance to speed limits.

Objective: Real-world driving studies, including those involving speeding alert devices and autonomous vehicles, can gauge an individual vehicle's speeding behavior by comparing measured speed with mapped speed zone data. However, there are complexities with developing and maintaining a database of mapped speed zones over a large geographic area that may lead to inaccuracies within the data set. When this approach is applied to large-scale real-world driving data or speeding alert device data to determine speeding behavior, these inaccuracies may result in invalid identification of speeding.

Functioning and health-related quality of life following injury in older people: a systematic review.

Aim And Background: There is growing evidence around the impact of injury and recovery trajectories but little focuses on older people, despite rising burden. The aim of this review was to describe the evidence for postinjury functioning and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older people.

Method: A systematic search of three databases and an extensive search of the grey literature was carried out on prospective injury outcome studies in older people (age ≥65 years) that used a generic health status outcome measure.

Effects of a Safe Transportation Educational Program for Older Drivers on Driving Exposure and Community Participation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: To ascertain whether a safe-transportation program can change driving exposure while maintaining community participation of older drivers.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Northwest Sydney.

Naturalistic rapid deceleration data: Drivers aged 75 years and older.

The data presented in this article are related to the research manuscript "Predictors of older drivers' involvement in rapid deceleration events", which investigates potential predictors of older drivers' involvement in rapid deceleration events including measures of vision, cognitive function and driving confidence (A. Chevalier et al., 2016) [1].

Predictors of older drivers' involvement in high-range speeding behavior.

Objective: Even small increases in vehicle speed raise crash risk and resulting injury severity. Older drivers are at increased risk of involvement in casualty crashes and injury compared to younger drivers. However, there is little objective evidence about older drivers' speeding.

Seat belt repositioning and use of vehicle seat cushions is increased among older drivers aged 75 years and older with morbidities.

Objective: Good seat belt fit and positioning is important for crash protection. Older drivers experience problems in achieving good seat belt fit and often reposition seat belts and/or use seat cushions. Comfort influences these behaviours.

Naturalistic speeding data: Drivers aged 75 years and older.

The data presented in this article are related to the research article entitled "A longitudinal investigation of the predictors of older drivers׳ speeding behavior" (Chevalier et al., 2016) [1], wherein these speed events were used to investigate older drivers speeding behavior and the influence of cognition, vision, functional decline, and self-reported citations and crashes on speeding behavior over a year of driving. Naturalistic speeding behavior data were collected for up to 52 weeks from volunteer drivers aged 75-94 years (median 80 years, 52% male) living in the suburban outskirts of Sydney.

A longitudinal investigation of the predictors of older drivers' speeding behaviour.

There is little objective evidence about the extent older drivers' are involved in speeding or factors that may influence this behaviour. Particular concern exists for the increasing number of older drivers with poor or declining cognitive and visual function. This study investigates whether a reduction in speeding forms part of the self-restrictive driving behaviour evident when older drivers experience poor cognitive and visual function.

Behind the wheel: community consultation informs adaptation of safe-transport program for older drivers.

Background: Safe-transport is important to well-being in later life but balancing safety and independence for older drivers can be challenging. While self-regulation is a promising tool to promote road safety, more research is required to optimise programs.

Methods: Qualitative research was used to inform the choice and adaptation of a safe-transport education program for older drivers.

Seat belt use and fit among drivers aged 75 years and older in their own vehicles.

Objective: This article aims to describe seat belt wearing patterns and quality of seat belt fit among drivers aged 75 years and older. A secondary aim is to explore associations between body shape, comfort, and seat belt use patterns.

Methods: This is an observation and survey study of a cohort of 380 drivers aged 75 years and over.

Behind the Wheel: Predictors of Driving Exposure in Older Drivers.

Objectives: To explore and deepen understanding of factors influencing driving exposure for older drivers.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Baseline data on function and driving exposure from 1 week of driving were evaluated.