Analytical evaluation of four on-site oral fluid drug testing devices.

The use of oral fluid (OF) as an alternative matrix for the detection of drugs of abuse has increased over the last decade, leading to the need for a rapid, simple, and reliable on-site OF testing device. Four on-site OF drug testing devices (Dräger DrugTest 5000, Cozart DDS, Mavand Rapid STAT, and Innovacon OrAlert) were evaluated on 408 volunteers at drug treatment centers. UPLC-MS-MS results were used as reference to determine sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for each device, applying Belgian legal confirmation cutoffs for benzoylecgonine, cocaine, and THC (10 ng/mL); morphine and 6-acetylmorphine (5 ng/mL); and amphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (25 ng/mL).

An analytical evaluation of eight on-site oral fluid drug screening devices using laboratory confirmation results from oral fluid.

The performance of eight on-site oral fluid drug screening devices was studied in Belgium, Finland and the Netherlands as a part of the EU-project DRUID. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the reliability of the devices for testing drivers suspected of driving under the influence of drugs (DUID). The performance of the devices was assessed by their ability to detect substances using cut-offs which were set at sufficiently low levels to allow optimal detection of positive DUID cases.

Quantitative analysis of adenosine using liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/APCI-MS/MS).

Adenosine-secreting cellular brain implants constitute a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of epilepsy. To engineer neural stem cells for therapeutic adenosine delivery, a reliable and fast analytical method is necessary to quantify cell-based adenosine release. Here we describe the development, optimization and validation of adenosine measurement using liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-APCI-MS/MS).

External quality assessment of multi-analyte chromatographic methods in oral fluid.

Background: A proficiency testing scheme was set up for the DRUID (Driving under the influence of Drugs, Alcohol and Medicines) research project, funded by the European Commission, in which oral fluid is analysed by eleven laboratories. A common collection and analysis methodology is used: Statsure Saliva Sampler is used for collection and LC-MS/MS or GC-MS confirmation analysis of 22 substances is performed on all samples. Despite internal validation and quality control samples, external quality assessment is still necessary to further increase comparability of results.

Analytical evaluation of a rapid on-site oral fluid drug test.

There is a need for a reliable rapid on-site oral fluid test that can be used in police controls to detect impaired drivers. We evaluated the Varian Oralab6 and collected two oral fluid samples from 250 subjects, one with the Varian Oralab6 and one with the StatSure Saliva Sampler. The Oralab6 can detect six drug types: amphetamines, methamphetamine, cocaine, opiates, delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and phencyclidine (PCP).

Current developments in drug testing in oral fluid.

In the last few years, significant developments have occurred on the key issues involved in oral fluid drug testing. New pharmacokinetic studies have been conducted, optimal cutoffs have been proposed, and new studies have examined the correlation between oral fluid drug concentrations and impairment. Recent studies (eg, the discovery of the presence of THC-COOH in oral fluid) can contribute to solve the issue of false-positive results caused by passive exposure to marijuana.