Determining residual gastric volume in healthy children using ultrasound.

Purpose: Fasting guidelines for children recommend restricting clear fluids for one or two hours before a procedure to reduce pulmonary aspiration. Gastric volumes < 1.5 mL·kg do not seem to present an increased risk of pulmonary aspiration.

Perioperative care of congenital adrenal hyperplasia - a disparity of physician practices in Canada.

Background: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency is the most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency in children. Current guidelines recommend the use of perioperative stress dose (supraphysiologic) glucocorticoids for children with CAH undergoing anesthesia, although a perceived difference in practice patterns among Canadian pediatric subspecialists prompted an assessment of perioperative glucocorticoid administration.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional survey of Canadian Pediatric Anesthesia Society (CPAS) and Canadian Pediatric Endocrine Group (CPEG) members via membership email lists to assess reported practice patterns to select clinical scenarios.

Effect of dexamethasone on postoperative morbidity after dental rehabilitation in children.

Purpose: Dexamethasone reduces postoperative morbidity after adenotonsillectomy, strabismus surgery, and third molar extraction. Our hypothesis was that dexamethasone would reduce pain and other morbidity in children undergoing dental surgery for up to 24 hr postoperatively.

Methods: A triple-blinded, randomized, controlled trial was carried out on 200 children undergoing prolonged dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia.