Real-World Preliminary Experience With Responsive Neurostimulation in Pediatric Epilepsy: A Multicenter Retrospective Observational Study.

Background: Despite the well-documented utility of responsive neurostimulation (RNS, NeuroPace) in adult epilepsy patients, literature on the use of RNS in children is limited.

Objective: To determine the real-world efficacy and safety of RNS in pediatric epilepsy patients.

Methods: Patients with childhood-onset drug-resistant epilepsy treated with RNS were retrospectively identified at 5 pediatric centers.

Prospective observational study: Fast ripple localization delineates the epileptogenic zone.

Objective: To investigate spatial correlation between interictal HFOs and neuroimaging abnormalities, and to determine if complete removal of prospectively identified interictal HFOs correlates with post-surgical seizure-freedom.

Methods: Interictal fast ripples (FRs: 250-500 Hz) in 19 consecutive children with pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy who underwent extra-operative electrocorticography (ECoG) recording were prospectively analyzed. The interictal FRs were sampled at 2000 Hz and were visually identified during 10 min of slow wave sleep.

Limited efficacy of the ketogenic diet in the treatment of highly refractory epileptic spasms.

Purpose: Numerous studies have suggested that the ketogenic diet is effective in the treatment of epileptic spasms, even in refractory cases. However, there has been very limited demonstration of prompt and complete (video-EEG confirmed) response. We set out to describe our center's experience with the ketogenic diet in the treatment of children with highly refractory epileptic spasms, with rigorous seizure outcome assessment.

The ketogenic diet as broad-spectrum treatment for super-refractory pediatric status epilepticus: challenges in implementation in the pediatric and neonatal intensive care units.

Refractory status epilepticus carries significant morbidity and mortality. Recent reports have promoted the use of the ketogenic diet as an effective treatment for refractory status epilepticus. We describe our recent experience with instituting the ketogenic diet for 4 critically ill children in refractory status epilepticus, ranging in age from 9 weeks to 13.