White-eyed blowout fracture with muscle entrapment misdiagnosed as increased intracranial pressure: An important clinical lesson.

Patients with white-eyed blowout fracture with muscle entrapment in the pediatric population may be misdiagnosed as increased intracranial pressure (ICP) due to the similarity in presenting symptoms. A delay in the correct diagnosis can lead to permanent sequelae including diplopia, permanent loss of vision, and death. In this case report we discuss the treatment of a male pediatric patient who presented in the ED with nausea, confusion, and restricted eye gaze.

External Compression Versus Intravascular Injection: A Mechanistic Animal Model of Filler-Induced Tissue Ischemia.

Purpose: Soft tissue ischemia is a devastating and unpredictable complication following dermal filler injection. Multiple mechanisms to explain this complication have been proposed, including vascular compression, vessel damage, and intraarterial filler emboli. To elucidate the mechanism of injury, the authors introduce a mouse model, imaged with optical microangiography and laser speckle contrast imaging technologies, to demonstrate in vivo microvascular response to soft tissue and intravascular filler injection.

Human orbital sympathetic nerve pathways.

Purpose: To determine pathways of sympathetic nerves from the orbital apex to the eyelids in human cadaver tissue using immunohistochemistry.

Methods: Human cadaver orbit tissue was sectioned and immunolabeled with a monoclonal antityrosine hydroxylase antibody.

Results: In the orbital apex, the nasociliary, frontal, lacrimal, and maxillary branches of the trigeminal nerve demonstrated intense staining upon entering the orbit.

Postoperative chemosis after cosmetic eyelid surgery: surgical management with conjunctivoplasty.

Persistent conjunctival chemosis in patients who have undergone cosmetic eyelid surgery is an uncommon but aesthetically undesirable and potentially debilitating postoperative complication. We attempted to determine if a regional conjunctivoplasty can effectively reduce signs and symptoms of chronic postoperative chemosis in these patients. Three patients with iatrogenic chemosis resistant to conservative management (ie, lubrication, pressure patching, and steroid drops) and persisting for more than 6 months after the initial surgery were included.

Decreased carotenoid content in preaponeurotic orbital fat of patients with involutional ptosis.

Purpose: The underlying cause of involutional blepharoptosis is unknown. The carotenoid content of preaponeurotic and nasal orbital fat among patients with and without involutional ptosis was evaluated to investigate the hypothesis that development of ptosis may be related to low carotenoid content of preaponeurotic orbital fat.

Methods: Through a case-control design, the carotenoid content of preaponeurotic and nasal fat of 10 patients with ptosis and 11 patients without ptosis was measured by spectrophotometry analysis.