Antibiotic use on paediatric inpatients in a teaching hospital in the Gambia, a retrospective study.

Background: Antibiotics are useful but increasing resistance is a major problem. Our objectives were to assess antibiotic use and microbiology testing in hospitalized children in the Gambia.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of paediatric inpatient data at The Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital in Banjul, The Gambia.

[Competing Validity of Developmental Diagnostic in School Entry Examination: Results of a Census in an Upper Bavarian District].

Aim Of The Study: Evaluation of the concurrent validity of a modified Bavarian model (BM) compared to the social-paediatric screening of developmental status for school entry (SOPESS) as a reference tool.

Methods: A total of 407 preschoolers to be enrolled for the school year 2015 in an Upper Bavarian District were examined by BM and SOPESS. As a measure of the concurrent validity, the Kappa by Cohen (ĸ) was used.

Knowledge, attitude and practice of Gambian health practitioners towards antibiotic prescribing and microbiological testing: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Inappropriate antibiotic use is the leading cause of antibiotic resistance worldwide. At the same time, the practice of antibiotic prescribing in Africa is less well documented when compared to developed countries. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of health practitioners towards antibiotic prescribing and microbiological testing in The Gambia.

Sociodemographic determinants of spatial disparities in early childhood caries: An ecological analysis in Braunschweig, Germany.

Objectives: To identify spatial disparities in dental caries experience (measured by dmft (decayed missing filled teeth) index) of children in the city of Braunschweig and to evaluate whether these disparities can be explained by sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods: We examined the dental health of children aged 3-6 years visiting a daycare centre (DCC) in the metropolitan area of Braunschweig between 2009 and 2014 by combining data on dental health from the annual visits of the local health service with aggregated data on sociodemographic factors for Braunschweig's city districts. We assessed longitudinal patterns of change in average dmft index at district level from 2009 to 2014 using a finite mixture model.

Incidence and comparison of retrospective and prospective data on respiratory and gastrointestinal infections in German households.

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) and acute gastrointestinal infections (AGI) are the most common childhood infections, and corresponding data can either be collected prospectively or retrospectively. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of respiratory and gastrointestinal episodes in German households with children attending day care and to compare results of prospective and retrospective data collection.

Methods: We conducted a 4 months prospective cohort study in the winter period 2014/2015 and recruited parents of children aged 0-6 years in 75 day care centers in Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany.