Identifying gaps in healthcare: a qualitative study of Ukrainian refugee experiences in the German system, uncovering differences, information and support needs.

Background: The 5.8 million Ukrainian refugees arriving in European countries must navigate varying healthcare systems and different and often unknown languages in their respective host countries. To date, there has been little exploration of the experiences, perceived differences, information and support needs of these refugees regarding the use of healthcare in Germany.

[Access to Health Care After the Introduction of the Electronic Health Card: Views of Refugee Patients].

Aim Of The Study: Access to healthcare for newly arrived refugees and asylum seekers is organised differently in the municipalities throughout Germany, both with regard to the organisation of support services and the choice of an access model (electronic health card/eHC or healthcare voucher/HcV). Some German states and municipalities have introduced the eHC model in the last years. Using the example of North-Rhine Westphalia (NRW), Germany's largest state, we analyse how access to healthcare is organised from the point of view of refugees and what role the healthcare model (eHC vs.

Differences in realized access to healthcare among newly arrived refugees in Germany: results from a natural quasi-experiment.

Background: Germany has a statutory health insurance (SHI) that covers nearly the entire population and most of the health services provided. Newly arrived refugees whose asylum claim is still being processed are initially excluded from the SHI. Instead, their entitlements are restricted and parallel access models have been implemented.

Shaping access to health care for refugees on the local level in Germany - Mixed-methods analysis of official statistics and perspectives of gatekeepers.

Background: Analyses of refugee reception in European countries are increasingly focusing on the local level. We analyzed how gatekeepers can shape access to health care on a local level, taking as an example the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), Germany, where municipalities have implemented different local access models for newly arrived refugees.

Methods: We assessed the details of and the rationale for the implementation of local access models (implementation analysis), and the potential access to health care for refugees in municipalities (local policy analysis).

Inequalities in realised access to healthcare among recently arrived refugees depending on local access model: study protocol for a quasi-experimental study.

Introduction: In many countries, including Germany, newly arriving refugees face specific entitlement restrictions and access barriers to healthcare. While entitlement restrictions apply to all refugees who seek protection in Germany during the first months, the barriers to access depend on the model that the states and the municipalities implement locally. Currently, two different models exist: the healthcare voucher model (HcV) and the electronic health card model (eHC).