Selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibition by isatin dimers and 3-indolyl-3-hydroxy-2-oxindole dimers.

Polymethylene-linked isatin dimers 1a-g and 3-indolyl-3-hydroxy-2-oxindole dimers 2a-g were synthesized and are reported here as selective butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors. The best compound from each series, 1f and 2d, showed IC values of 3.20 µM and 4.

Rapid onset of gene expression in lung, supportive of formation of alveolar septa, induced by refeeding mice after calorie restriction.

Alveolar regenerative gene expression is unidentified partly because its onset, after a regenerative stimulus, is unknown. Toward addressing this void, we used a mouse model in which calorie restriction produces alveolar loss, and ad libitum access to food after calorie restriction induces alveolar regeneration. We selected four processes (cell replication, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and guided cell motion) that would be required to convert a flat segment of alveolar wall into a septum that increases gas-exchange surface area.