State Policy Levers for Reducing Early Childhood Maltreatment: The Importance of Family Planning and Economic Support Policies.

Children experiencing maltreatment in the first 3 years of life are at risk for several developmental challenges throughout the lifespan. Researchers and practitioners have emphasized understanding how institutional supports implemented through state governments may support infants and toddlers' development, but less attention has been paid to the potential effects of state policies on maltreatment specifically. We tested whether state-level policies providing economic and family planning support implemented between 2005-2019 were associated with rates of reported and substantiated abuse and neglect among children under three.

Life with pets study: lower income veterinary clients' perception of pets' quality of life.

Perception of quality of life for cats and dogs of low-income Spanish and English-speaking veterinary clients attending problem focused or routine veterinary visits is an important area of focus for community based veterinary service providers. Using a qualitative approach, 50 New York City based American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) veterinary clients completed semi-structured interviews as well as a survey about their perception of life with their pets. Veterinary clients shared both human-animal bond (HAB) related and quality of life (QoL) related factors in their daily experience of life with their pets.

Health Care Resource Use for Modern First-Line Treatments in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Importance: Immuno-oncology agents have changed the treatment paradigm for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Such therapies improve survival but can impose considerable health care resource use (HCRU) and associated costs, necessitating their examination.

Objective: To compare HCRU, costs, and clinical outcomes among patients receiving first-line pembrolizumab plus axitinib (P+A) or ipilimumab plus nivolumab (I+N).

An Exploratory Study of Physician Decision-Making When Treating Uncontrolled COPD.

Purpose: Current guidelines recommend triple therapy maintenance inhalers for patients with recurrent exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, these maintenance therapies are underutilized. This study aimed to understand how physicians make COPD treatment decisions, and how combination maintenance therapies are utilized in a real-world setting.

Patients And Methods: This exploratory, hypothesis-generating, non-interventional study used a cross-sectional online survey that was administered to a sample of practicing physicians in the United States.

School Readiness Among United States Children: Results From the 2022 National Survey of Children's Health.

Objective: Provide the latest national and state estimates and correlates of the proportion of young children who are healthy and ready to learn (HRTL) using a revised measure from the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH).

Methods: Data were analyzed for 11,121 children ages 3 to 5 years from the 2022 NSCH, an address-based, parent-completed survey on the health and well-being of children in the United States. A total of 27 items across 5 domains (early learning skills, social emotional development, self-regulation, motor development, and health) were used to calculate domain-specific assessments scored as "on track," "emerging," or "needs support" according to age-appropriate developmental expectations.

Impacts of COVID-19 on Young Children and Families: A Qualitative Study Using Best Starts for Kids Health Survey Data in King County, WA.

Objectives: To evaluate the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on parents and caregivers with young children in King County, Washington using data from a local population-based survey, the Best Starts for Kids Health Survey (BSKHS).

Methods: 7033 parents and caregivers in King County, Washington with children 5th grade and younger participated in the BSKHS in 2021. Three evaluators adopted a framework method approach to thematic analysis for open-ended survey responses regarding the impacts of COVID-19 on families.

Credentialing and Patient Safety in Robotic Gynecologic Surgery: Changes over the Last Eight Years.

Background And Objectives: Robotic gynecologic surgery has outpaced data showing risks and benefits related to cost, quality outcomes, and patient safety. We aimed to assess how credentialing standards and perceptions of safe use of robotic gynecologic surgery have changed over time.

Methods: An anonymous, online survey was distributed in 2013 and in 2021 to attending surgeons and trainees in accredited obstetrics and gynecology residency programs.

Mixed Signals in Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Well-Being Indicators in the United States: A Call for Improvements to Population Health Monitoring.

Policy Points Social indicators of young peoples' conditions and circumstances, such as high school graduation, food insecurity, and smoking, are improving even as subjective indicators of mental health and well-being have been worsening. This divergence suggests policies targeting the social indicators may not have improved overall mental health and well-being. There are several plausible reasons for this seeming contradiction.

Racial Disparities in Hysterectomy Route for Benign Disease: Examining Trends and Perioperative Complications from 2007 to 2018 Using the NSQIP Database.

Study Objective: To examine national trends among race and ethnicity and route of benign hysterectomy from 2007 to 2018.

Design: This is a retrospective analysis of the prospective National Surgical Quality Improvement Program cohort program.

Setting: This study included data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database including data from the 2014 to 2018 targeted hysterectomy files.

The influence of evidence-based program registry websites for dissemination of evidence-based interventions in behavioral healthcare.

Purpose: Evidence-based program registries (EBPRs) are web-based databases of evaluation studies that summarize the available evidence for the effectiveness of behavioral healthcare programs, including programs addressing substance misuse, mental health, child welfare, or offender rehabilitation. The study determined the extent to which visitors to selected EBPRs accomplished the objectives of their visits and how often those visits resulted in the adoption of new or improved evidence-based interventions (EBIs).

Method: A follow-up telephone survey was conducted with 216 visitors to a convenience sample of six EBPRs an average of six months after the visitors' incident visit to the EBPR.

Trends in Measures of Child and Adolescent Well-being in the US From 2000 to 2019.

Importance: Improving child and adolescent well-being is a critical public health goal, yet monitoring of this measure at the national level remains limited. Composite indices aggregate existing indicators from population data sources, but these indices currently have weaknesses that may inhibit widespread use.

Objective: To apply a novel, more child-centric index method to document changes in overall child and adolescent well-being in the US from 2000 to 2019, assess which states and racial and ethnic subpopulations experienced the greatest inequities in well-being, and identify the specific components associated with changes in the index over time.

Implementation of an evidence-based accidental tracheostomy dislodgement bundle in a community hospital critical care unit.

Background: Tracheostomy dislodgment can lead to catastrophic neurological injury or death. A fresh tracheostomy amplifies the risk of such events, where an immature tract predisposes to false passage. Unfortunately, few resources exist to prepare healthcare professionals to manage this airway emergency.

Ergonomic Assessment of Surgeon Characteristics and Laparoscopic Device Strain in Gynecologic Surgery.

Study Objective: To evaluate whether surgeon characteristics, including sex and hand size, were associated with grip strength decline with laparoscopic advanced energy devices.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Ergonomic simulation at an academic tertiary care site and the Society of Gynecologic Surgeons 47th Annual Meeting.

Survival disparities for childhood cancers exist when defined by race/ethnicity and sex.

Background: There are documented racial/ethnic and sex differences in pediatric cancer survival; however, it is unknown whether pediatric cancer survival disparities exist when race/ethnicity and sex are considered jointly.

Methods: Using SEER data (2000-2017), we estimated survival differences by race/ethnicity within sexes and by sex within race/ethnicity (White, Black, Hispanic, and Asian/Pacific Islander [API]) for 17 cancers in children aged (0-19 years). Kaplan-Meier curves (Log-Rank p-values) were assessed.

Visitors' Assessment and Utilization of Evidence-Based Program Resources (EBPR) Websites.

Evidence-based program resources (EBPR) websites for behavioral health are a potentially useful tool to assist decision-makers and practitioners in deciding which behavioral health interventions to implement. EBPR websites apply rigorous research standards to assess the effectiveness of behavioral healthcare programs, models, and clinical practices. Visitors to a convenience sample of six EBPR websites (N=369, excluding students) were recruited for telephone interviews primarily by means of a pop-up invitation on the sites.

The Child and Adolescent Thriving Index 1.0: Developing a Measure of the Outcome Indicators of Well-Being for Population Health Assessment.

Unlabelled: The well-being of children and adolescents is emerging as an area of interest for population health measurement. Previous approaches assessing national and state trends in well-being have relied on composite indices. However, these methodologies suffer from several weaknesses.

Measuring state-level infant and toddler well-being in the United States: Gaps in data lead to gaps in understanding.

Children who are nurtured, protected, and supported in the first years of life tend to have better individual outcomes and are more likely to grow to become healthy, productive adults. Child well-being varies across states, yet the field lacks a comprehensive review of infant and toddler indicators measured at the state-level. This paper reviews indicators of well-being from the prenatal period to three years that meet certain a priori criteria.

Length of Stay and 30-Day Postoperative Complications Following Minimally Invasive Apical Prolapse Repair.

Importance: Data on the correlation between length of stay and postoperative complications following urogynecologic surgery are limited.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to use a nationwide database to examine the correlation between length of stay and 30-day postoperative complications following minimally invasive apical prolapse repair.

Study Design: This retrospective cohort study included women in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2008 to 2018 who underwent laparoscopic/robotic sacrocolpopexy or uterosacral/sacrospinous repair and were discharged on postoperative day 0 (POD0) or 1 (POD1).

Patient Characteristics Associated with Access to Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery: Changes during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Study Objective: To evaluate patient characteristics that affect access to minimally invasive gynecologic surgery (MIGS) subspecialty care and identify changes during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Design: Retrospective cohort study of patients referred to MIGS from 2014 to 2016 (historic cohort) compared with those referred to MIGS in 2020 (pandemic cohort). Primary outcome was the interval between referral and first appointment.

Parental Age and Childhood Lymphoma and Solid Tumor Risk: A Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Although advanced parental age has been definitively linked to pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia, studies of parental age and pediatric solid tumors have not reached firm conclusions. This analysis aimed to elucidate the relationship between parental age and pediatric solid tumors through meta-analysis of existing studies based in population registries.

Methods: We searched Medline (PubMed) and Embase for registry-based studies of parental age and solid tumors through March 2022.

Investigation of the Association between Surgeon Sex and Laparoscopic Device Ergonomic Strain in Gynecologic Surgery.

Study Objective: To assess whether female compared with male sex is associated with greater ergonomic strain with the use of 4 advanced energy laparoscopic devices (LigaSure, HALO PKS, ENSEAL, and Harmonic scalpel).

Design: Online survey distributed by e-mail using the REDCap platform (Vanderbilt University). All responses were anonymous.

Global variation in young adult central nervous system tumor incidence by region, age, and sex from 1988 to 2012.

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors result in tremendous morbidity and mortality. Incidence of CNS tumors in young adults is less studied. It is unknown how young adult CNS tumor incidence has changed globally in recent decades.