Fetal brain injury in experimental intrauterine asphyxia and inflammation in Göttingen minipigs.

Objective: To examine fetal brain injury in the Göttingen minipig following intrauterine asphyxia and infection/inflammation induced at 3/4 of gestational length.

Methods: We performed laparotomy after anesthesia in six pregnant sows. We randomized 29 fetuses to one of four groups: pretreatment with saline or endotoxin followed by 30 min of umbilical cord occlusion or no occlusion.

Inflammation increases vulnerability to hypoxia in newborn piglets: effect of reoxygenation with 21% and 100% O2.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess whether inflammation increases vulnerability to hypoxia, and influences the effect of 100% O(2) and 21% O 2 reoxygenation on brain.

Study Design: Newborn piglets (n = 31) were randomized to 4 interventional groups: pretreatment with saline or endotoxin. After hypoxia they were reoxygenated with 21% or 100% oxygen for 30 minutes, followed by 21% oxygen for all groups.

Effect of interleukin-10 on newborn piglet brain following hypoxia-ischemia and endotoxin-induced inflammation.

Objective: Previous animal studies indicated that interleukin (IL)-10 attenuates the inflammatory response to a challenge by inflammation and hypoxia-ischemia, but the effect of IL-10 administration after onset of inflammation has not been studied. We wanted to assess (1) whether IL-10 had a beneficial effect on brain metabolism and microcirculation in newborn piglets after an inflammatory, hypoxic and ischemic challenge, and (2) whether IL-10 had any harmful effects per se.

Methods: Anesthetized piglets were randomized to control (n = 8), IL-10 (n = 10), endotoxin (ETX) (n = 10), or ETX and IL-10 (ETX/IL-10) (n = 10) groups.

Can cesarean section be performed without the woman's consent?

Occasionally, an obstetrician can experience conflicts between the mother and her fetus. In a situation where the life of the fetus is in danger, religious, cultural, or other convictions may cause the mother to refuse the physician's recommendations for delivery. When there is a medical indication to perform cesarean section, but the mother refuses, has the obstetrician then a right to perform a cesarean section to save the fetus from possible death or serious injury? In 1987, The Norwegian Directorate of Health made a statement on cesarean section without consent, but later, new legislation on patient rights has been introduced.

Morphological and hemodynamic magnetic resonance assessment of early neonatal brain injury in a piglet model.

Purpose: To investigate the utility of functional and morphological magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the extent of brain injury in a hypoxia-ischemia (HI) piglet model and further to validate that the desired ischemic injury was successfully induced.

Materials And Methods: MRI was performed at 1.5 T in anesthetized piglets (N = 10, age = 12-36 hours).