Uterine cyclin A2-deficient mice as a model of female early pregnancy loss.

Proper action of the female sex steroids 17β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) on the endometrium is essential for fertility. Beyond its role in regulating the cell cycle, cyclin A2 (CCNA2) also mediates E2 and P4 signaling in vitro, but a potential role in modulating steroid action for proper endometrial tissue development and function is unknown. To fill this gap in our knowledge, we examined human endometrial tissue from fertile and infertile cisgender women for CCNA2 expression and correlated this with pregnancy outcome.

Extravillous trophoblast cell lineage development is associated with active remodeling of the chromatin landscape.

The extravillous trophoblast cell lineage is a key feature of placentation and successful pregnancy. Knowledge of transcriptional regulation driving extravillous trophoblast cell development is limited. Here, we map the transcriptome and epigenome landscape as well as chromatin interactions of human trophoblast stem cells and their transition into extravillous trophoblast cells.

Case Report: Uterine Didelphys and Cervical Agenesis in an 18 Year-Old Woman Presenting with a Pelvic Mass.

Background: Although Müllerian anomalies are relatively common they can be easily misdiagnosed as other gynecologic conditions leading to inappropriate treatment.

Case: An 18-year-old woman presented to the hospital with abdominal pain and was found to have a 17-cm pelvic mass and absence of the cervix. Because of concern for recurrent endometrioma formation in the setting of a Müllerian anomaly, she underwent a hysterectomy.

Luteal phase HCG support for unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss - a low hanging fruit?

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined by two or more failed pregnancies and accounts for only 1-5% of pregnancy failures. Treatment options for unexplained RPL (uRPL) are limited. Previous studies suggest a link between delayed implantation and pregnancy loss.

Prospective assessment of midsecretory endometrial leukemia inhibitor factor expression versus ανβ3 testing in women with unexplained infertility.

Objective: To evaluate endometrial leukemia inhibitor factor (LIF) expression as a marker of endometrial receptivity in women with unexplained infertility (UI).

Design: Prospective case-control study.

Setting: University-associated infertility clinics.

Endometriosis and infertility.

Endometriosis is an enigmatic disease affecting up to 10% of reproductive-aged women causing pain and infertility. Up to 50% of women with endometriosis are infertile, and agreement about treatment options has been difficult to establish. The association between endometriosis and infertility is derived from comparisons of fertile and infertile women, animal models, donor sperm studies, and in vitro fertilization results.

Premature ovarian failure: a phenotypic expression of fragile X premutation.

Fragile X syndrome is the most common cause of mental retardation in the male. Historically, fragile X premutation was considered to be phenotypically silent. In recent reports the premutation has been associated with premature ovarian failure and fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome.