Incidence of venous thromboembolism in patients with ovarian cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Venous thromboembolism is associated with significant patient morbidity, mortality, and can lead to delays in treatment for patients with cancer. The objectives of this study were to identify the incidence of venous thromboembolism in patients with advanced ovarian cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and identify risk factors for venous thromboembolism.

Methods: A systematic literature search of biomedical databases, including Ovid Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, and Embase was performed on December 6, 2022 and updated on December 21, 2023 for peer reviewed articles.

Perspectives of Indigenous medical students on a postgraduate Indigenous admissions pathway.

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the perceptions of Indigenous medical students on postgraduate admissions through an Indigenous admissions pathway (IAP), and to determine what factors may influence Indigenous medical students' choice of residency training program.

Methods: We distributed a survey to self-identified Indigenous students at settler Canadian medical schools. The survey questioned the students' acceptability of an IAP, and what factors would influence application through an IAP.

Effect of transversus abdominis plane block on postoperative outcomes in gynecologic oncology patients managed on an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery pathway.

Objectives: To characterize the effect of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks on post-operative outcomes in patients undergoing laparotomy for gynecologic malignancy.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study assessed patients undergoing laparotomy in 2016-2017 and 2020 in Alberta, Canada. The primary outcome was opioid consumption in oral morphine milligram equivalent (MME).

Examining ACCURE's Nurse Navigation Through an Antiracist Lens: Transparency and Accountability in Cancer Care.

There are persistent disparities in the delivery of cancer treatment, with Black patients receiving fewer of the recommended cancer treatment cycles than their White counterparts on average. To enhance racial equity in cancer care, innovative methods that apply antiracist principles to health promotion interventions are needed. The parent study for the current analysis, the Accountability for Cancer Care through Undoing Racism and Equity (ACCURE) intervention, was a system-change intervention that successfully eliminated the Black-White disparity in cancer treatment completion among patients with early-stage breast and lung cancer.

Structural competency in pre-health and health professional learning: A scoping review.

Structural competency training provides guidance to healthcare providers on recognizing and addressing structural factors leading to health inequities. To inform the evidence-based progression of structural competency curriculum development, this study was designed to map the current state of the literature on structural competency training with pre-health students, healthcare professional students, and/or healthcare professionals. We performed a scoping review and identified peer-reviewed, primary research articles assessing structural competency training interventions.

Lessons Learned: The Varied Responses of Massachusetts' Local Health Departments During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Context: Massachusetts' decentralized public health model holds tightly to its founding principle of home rule and a board of health system established in 1799. Consequently, Massachusetts has more local health departments (n = 351) than any other state. During COVID-19, each health department, steeped in centuries of independence, launched its own response to the pandemic.

MedFTs' Role in the Recruitment and Retention of a Diverse Physician Population: A Conceptual Model.

Recruitment and retention of a diverse physician population across stages of medical education is essential for the success of the healthcare system. MedFTs have a unique role to play in advocacy and intervention related to the recruitment and retention of these physicians at all stages of their education and career. As MedFTs expand their influence in healthcare systems, they must ground into their fundamental theories, like systems theory and the Four World View, all while advancing in their professional competencies to attune their skills and those whom they are entrusted in training.

Expanding the Reach of an Evidence-Based, System-Level, Racial Equity Intervention: Translating ACCURE to the Maternal Healthcare and Education Systems.

The abundance of literature documenting the impact of racism on health disparities requires additional theoretical, statistical, and conceptual contributions to illustrate how anti-racist interventions can be an important strategy to reduce racial inequities and improve population health. Accountability for Cancer Care through Undoing Racism and Equity (ACCURE) was an NIH-funded intervention that utilized an antiracism lens and community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches to address Black-White disparities in cancer treatment completion. ACCURE emphasized change at the institutional level of healthcare systems through two primary principles of antiracism organizing: transparency and accountability.

Linking Technology to Address the Social and Medical Determinants of Health for Safe Medicines Use.

Objectives: Both social and medical factors can negatively affect health outcomes, especially in vulnerable populations. To address these 2 types of factors in a postdischarge population, 2 nonprofit organizations collaborated to combine their novel decision support programs and address the question: Could combined programs have greater potential for improved health outcomes?

Methods: HomeMeds, a social health program in which trained social services staff make home visits to vulnerable clients, was combined with MedSafety Scan, a medical health, clinical decision support tool. Data captured in the home visits were entered into the HomeMeds and MedSafety Scan programs to detect those patients at the greatest risk of adverse health outcomes because of medications.

Venous Thromboembolism in Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Advanced Ovarian Cancer and Impact on Survival.

Objective: To determine the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with ovarian cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), identify risk factors for VTE, and assess the effect of VTE on treatment trajectory and overall survival.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer treated with NACT between 2013 to 2016 in Alberta, Canada. The primary outcome was incidence of VTE during NACT.

Development of a medical education podcast in obstetrics and gynecology.

Podcasts are used in medical education to supplement conventional teaching methods such as lectures and reading. We identified a lack of Canadian medical education podcasts covering obstetrics and gynecology (Ob/Gyn) content and created a podcast specific for Canadian medical students and residents. The podcast called "OB-G in YEG" is freely available and currently has fourteen episodes that cover common topics in Ob/Gyn.

Forced and Coerced Sterilization of Indigenous Peoples: Considerations for Health Care Providers.

Forced and coerced sterilization refers to the provision of permanent contraception without true informed consent. In Canada, this topic is particularly relevant to Indigenous Peoples because of this country's history of racialized eugenics programs. In this commentary, we briefly review the history of forced and coerced sterilization in Canada, describe the clinical considerations for health care providers who work with Indigenous patients in this context, and outline calls to action for health care providers and organizations to support the provision of culturally appropriate reproductive health care to Indigenous people.

Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor presenting as a Caesarean scar defect: A case report.

Background: Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor is a rare form of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. We present the first known case of this rare malignancy presenting as a Caesarean scar defect.

Case: A patient with 3 prior Caesarean sections presented with vaginal bleeding 2 months following management of retained products of conception.

Retained Shotgun Pellets in the Vulva: Case Report.

Background: Vulvar trauma is relatively uncommon and typically occurs in accidental or sports-related injuries. There is limited literature for management of penetrating trauma to the vulva.

Case: A 38-year-old G9, P9 woman presented to the gynaecology service for assessment of vulvar injury after a gunshot wound to the right lateral thigh.

The Other Side of Through: Young Breast Cancer Survivors' Spectrum of Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs.

The long-term reproductive health impact of cancer treatments is a concern for premenopausal women with a history of breast cancer. This study examined the unmet sexual and reproductive health needs of breast cancer survivors, as well as concordances and discordances in needs by childbearing status and race. We interviewed 17 women diagnosed with breast cancer between the ages of 18 and 45 years and living in North Carolina.

Racial Differences in the Influence of Health Care System Factors on Informal Support for Cancer Care Among Black and White Breast and Lung Cancer Survivors.

This retrospective, secondary qualitative analysis investigates whether health system factors influence social support among Black and white breast and lung cancer survivors and racial differences in support. These data come from race- and cancer-stratified focus groups (n = 6) and interviews (n = 2) to inform a randomized controlled trial utilizing antiracism and community-based participatory research approaches. Findings indicate social support was helpful for overcoming treatment-related challenges, including symptom management and patient-provider communication; racial differences in support needs and provision were noted.

The role of patient-physician relationship on health-related quality of life and pain in cancer patients.

Purpose: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and pain are important supportive cancer care outcomes. The patient-provider relationship, a modifiable care experience, has been linked to healthcare outcomes; however, less is known about associations between patient-provider relationship and supportive care outcomes in cancer patients. We examined the role of multiple aspects of the patient-provider relationship in explaining patterns of HRQOL and pain among breast and lung cancer patients.

Postpartum Mental Health Disorders in Indigenous Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: This systematic review synthesized and evaluated the evidence on the prevalence of postpartum mental health disorders in Indigenous women.

Methods: Comprehensive searches of biomedical electronic databases including Medline, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science were performed for peer-reviewed literature published from 1990 to September 2018. The search strategy included terms related to the postpartum period, mental health disorders, and Indigenous ancestry.

Endometrial cancer and bariatric surgery: A scoping review.

Background: Endometrial cancer is strongly associated with obesity, and weight reduction has been demonstrated to decrease risk and overall mortality. Bariatric surgery results in the most dramatic weight loss among morbidly obese individuals, and the impact of bariatric surgery on endometrial cancer requires further investigation.

Objective: To conduct a scoping review of the published literature of the effects of bariatric surgery on endometrial cancer, as risk reduction and potential adjunct to treatment.

: using an antiracism framework to analyze patients' encounters in the cancer system.

Cancer patients can experience healthcare system-related challenges during the course of their treatment. Yet, little is known about how these challenges might affect the quality and completion of cancer treatment for all patients, and particularly for patients of color. Accountability for Cancer Care through Undoing Racism and Equity is a multi-component, community-based participatory research intervention to reduce Black-White cancer care disparities.

Peer support opportunities across the cancer care continuum: a systematic scoping review of recent peer-reviewed literature.

Objective: Evidence suggests peer support (PS) is as an effective strategy for enhancing prevention and control of chronic and infectious diseases, including cancer. This systematic scoping review examines the range and variety of interventions on the use of PS across the cancer care continuum.

Method: We used a broad definition of PS to capture a wide-range of interventions and characterize the current status of the field.

Childbirth after adolescent and young adult cancer: a population-based study.

Purpose: Annually, > 45,000 US women are diagnosed with cancer during adolescence and young adulthood (AYA). Since 2006, national guidelines have recommended fertility counseling for cancer patients. We examined childbirth after AYA cancer by calendar period, cancer diagnosis, and maternal characteristics.