Exploring body image among transgender and nonbinary adults: Considering positive body image and the pursuit of gender-affirming surgery.

This study explored body image among transgender and nonbinary adults, including their body appreciation, embodiment, general psychological distress, and gender identity-related pride. This study also considered participants' pursuit of gender-affirming surgery and mental health services. This cross-sectional survey examined participants' ( = 214;  = 28.

An exploratory examination of medical and nursing students' intentions to discuss body image, weight, and eating disorders with their patients.

Background: Although many people have concerns about their body image, weight, and eating behaviors these issues are not usually discussed in a productive manner with medical providers. Thus, we examined nursing and medical students' willingness to discuss patients' weight, body image, and eating disorders and reasons why they may do so.

Method: One hundred and eighty-three nursing and medical students (M = 25.

Loneliness and Expanding Social Ties in Later Life: Motivation, Perceived Success, and Implications for Emotional Health.

Objectives: Social networks undergo changes in later life, reflecting proactive decreases as well as increases in size, but relatively little is known about the factors that motivate older adults to expand their social ties. Loneliness might be expected to motivate older adults to expand their social ties. Paradoxically, however, studies of younger age groups have linked loneliness to a self-protective reluctance to initiate social contact.

A dyadic analysis of anti-fat attitudes and partners' diet-related influence among gay married men.

Objectives: The focus on physical appearance among gay men has potential implications for anti-fat attitudes, including those directed toward romantic partners. Partners often influence each other's behaviors including those linked to weight, but most research has examined the of these influence strategies versus their antecedents. To address this research gap, we examined how men's own and their partners' anti-fat attitudes were related to both health-promoting (control) and health-compromising (undermining) types of diet-related influence and whether these associations differed by weight status.

Additive and interactive associations among body appreciation, self-compassion, and gender in understanding college students' health behaviors.

Body appreciation and self-compassion are associated with each other and individually associated with important health behaviors. Less is known about their combined associations with health behaviors, although previous work has examined self-compassion as a moderator of negative body image experiences. Self-compassion may likewise amplify the positive association between body appreciation and engagement in healthy behaviors.

Examining the link between exercise-specific relational processes and physical activity, psychological distress, and relationship satisfaction among heterosexual and gay male couples.

Despite the important role of romantic relationships in physical activity, little research has examined the role of gender and sexual orientation in exercise-specific relational processes. Utilizing cross-sectional, dyadic data from 462 heterosexual and gay couples, the present study examined how exercise encouragement, exercise discouragement, and frequency of exercise disagreements are related to physical activity, psychological distress, and relationship satisfaction. We included important covariates and examined gender and sexual orientation as moderators.

Motives for spousal involvement in a Partner's diabetes management: Considering the role of gender and links to diet-related involvement.

Using data from 148 middle-aged and older adult spouses whose partners had type 2 diabetes, we sought to examine spouses' motives for involvement in their partners' diabetes management and whether these motives were related to common types of diabetes-related spousal involvement; we also sought to understand gender differences in these dynamics. Spouses indicated being motivated to be involved in their partners' diabetes management due to altruistic motives to the greatest extent and egoistic motives to the least extent. Results from multivariable regression analyses that controlled for gender, marital quality, and spouses' own conditions requiring dietary changes revealed that all types of motives were related to the frequency of providing diet-related spousal support, whereas only egoistic motives were related to the frequency of exerting diet-related spousal control.

Understanding eating disorder symptoms in same-gender couples: social environmental factors.

Background: Sexual minority individuals are at disproportionately greater risk for eating disorders, yet little is known about the ways in which factors in the social environment relate to eating disorder symptoms in this population. Utilizing an ecological systems theory framework, we investigated the relative relationships of macro level (i.e.

Exploring typologies of appraisals, involvement, and distress in type 2 diabetes family members.

The present study conducted a latent profile analysis from a US national sample of 446 family members to identify and predict unique clusters of family members' PWD illness appraisals, involvement, and psychological distress. Time since diagnosis, diabetes adherence, the relationship with the PWD, age, gender, race/ethnicity, income, and economic pressure were included as predictors. Class membership was used to predict the family members' own health behaviors (sleep quality, days of physical activity, and diet quality).

Perceptions of Weight Change Among Romantic Partners: Considering Body Image, Relationship Experiences, Gender, and Sexual Orientation.

Romantic relationship experiences have been found to be relevant to body image and weight in adulthood. In this study, we investigated predictors of heterosexual, lesbian, and gay romantic partners' ( = 500, = 29.3) perceptions of their own and their partners' weight at the beginning of their relationship and 4.

Examining health experiences and body dissatisfaction in two unique samples of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Using cross-sectional data from two samples of adult patients with type 2 diabetes ( = 123 and  = 111), we used an embodiment perspective to examine whether health experiences were related to the extent of individuals' dissatisfaction with their bodies. The nature and strength of associations differed across the two unique samples examined, but weight status had the strongest and most robust association with body dissatisfaction in both samples. None of the associations differed as a function of gender or age.

Examining foodwork and eating behaviors among heterosexual and gay male couples.

Objectives: Spouses play an important role in their partners' eating behaviors, including both promoting and impeding healthy eating. The division of foodwork in the relationship (i.e.

Correlates of diet-related spousal involvement among both members of couples managing diabetes.

Introduction: Spouses are often involved in facilitating each other's healthy diet through support and regulation (i.e., control), especially when one member has a chronic condition such as type 2 diabetes.

Corrigendum: Exploring Physiological Linkage in Same-Sex Male Couples.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.

Marital Status, Marital Transitions, and Sleep Quality in Mid to Late Life.

This study aimed to understand how marital status and marital transitions were related to sleep quality in mid to late life and whether these findings differed by gender. Data from 2,872 participants 50-74 years old from the ORANJ BOWL, a longitudinal panel study in New Jersey, were used. Marital status and sleep quality were examined in two waves that were approximately 10 years apart.

Exploring Physiological Linkage in Same-Sex Male Couples.

We explore physiological linkage (i.e., covariation of physiological channels between interacting partners; PL) among 34 same-sex male couples.

Predictors of disordered weight loss behaviors among same-sex and opposite-sex romantic partners.

Although the majority of adults will attempt to lose weight at some point in their lives, most weight loss behaviors are ineffective and potentially harmful. Further, weight loss behaviors often closely resemble disordered eating, and include behaviors such as fasting and purging. The current study examined potential predictors of disordered approaches to weight loss in the context of same-sex and opposite-sex romantic partnerships by investigating participants' (n = 500, M = 29.

Older adults' physical activity-related social control and social support in the context of personal norms.

This study investigated whether perceived physical activity norms moderated the effects of physical activity-related social interactions on intentions to engage in physical activity among community-residing older adults ( = 217). Structural equation modeling tested whether two types of social support and social control interacted with personal norms in predicting intentions to be active. Emotional and informational support were associated with higher intentions, and negative social control was associated with lower intentions to engage in activity.

Body image experiences in the context of chronic pain: An examination of associations among perceptions of pain, body dissatisfaction, and positive body image.

Although body image research has recently begun to examine positive body image and ways to improve body image, it remains unclear the extent to which these findings generalize to individuals who experience chronic pain. With this in mind, this study examined individuals with chronic pain conditions (N = 278, M = 36.75, SD = 11.

Main and interactive effects of diabetes distress and stress from life events on overall psychological distress.

This study sought to extend previous research by examining rates of three different types of diabetes distress and whether stress from life events amplified the association between diabetes distress and overall psychological distress in a community-based sample of 119 middle-aged and older adults with type 2 diabetes. Consistent with past research, individuals experienced a moderate level of diabetes distress. However, only some types of diabetes distress were associated with depressive symptoms, independent of stressful life events, whereas all types of diabetes distress were only related to anxious symptoms when stress from life events was also high.

Understanding body image among adults in mid-late life: Considering romantic partners and depressive symptoms in the context of diabetes.

Although our bodies change as we age, there is limited research exploring body image among middle-aged and older adults. This study considered 70 adults with diabetes' ( = 60.01 years) body image and revealed relatively high levels of body dissatisfaction in this sample.

Disease factors associated with spousal influence on diabetic diet: An exploratory comparison of Vietnamese American and White older adults.

This study examined whether disease-specific factors were important for how and how often White versus Vietnamese American spouses influenced their partners' diabetic diet. Results from a cross-sectional survey of 145 older adult spouses whose partners had type 2 diabetes revealed that Vietnamese American spouses used more frequent spousal influence (positive and negative) than White spouses. In addition, most of the factors associated with spousal influence differed for Vietnamese American and White spouses.

Does "body talk" improve body satisfaction among same-sex couples?

Research suggests the important role of romantic partners in shaping how individuals feel about their bodies (e.g., Markey & Markey, 2013, 2014), but the processes that result in changes in body satisfaction within relationships have rarely been examined.

The pivotal role of psychology in a comprehensive theory of obesity.

The target article offers a comprehensive approach to conceptualizing psychological factors contributing to obesity. Strengths of Marks' theory include giving body image a central focus, discussing the importance of emotional states on food reliance, and conveying avenues for interventions and treatment. Marks' approach carefully delineates the interpersonal nature of obesity, although our work suggests that romantic partners are an especially important and understudied factor relevant to eating behaviors, body image, and obesity risk.

Physical activity-related social control and social support in older adults: Cognitive and emotional pathways to physical activity.

A survey of 217 older adults assessed physical activity-related positive and negative social control and emotional and informational support, using structural equation modeling to investigate mediational effects of emotional responses and behavioral intentions on physical activity. There were significant indirect effects of social control and social support on intentions as mediated by positive, but not negative, emotional responses, and significant indirect effects of emotional responses on physical activity as mediated by intentions. These findings help to identify the cognitive and emotional pathways by which social control and social support may promote or detract from physical activity in later life.